• 한국측량학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2010

최근 선진국들은 도시의 열섬현상에 대한 많은 문제점들을 인식하고, 이에 대한 대책을 마련하기 위해 끊임없이 노력하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 위성영상을 이용하여 도심의 개발사업이 진행됨에 따른 토지의 피복변화량을 추출하고 이 변화량이 도심의 열변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 1985년 4월, 1994년 8월, 2001년 5월, 2009년 5월에 해당하는 4개의 Landsat 위성영상을 이용하여 대전광역시의 토지피복변화에 따른 열변화를 분석하였다. 도심의 지표면 온도를 추출하기 위해 Landsat TM 열적외선 영역센서인 Band 6의 분광밝기정도를 이용하여 표면온도분포를 산출하였으며, 이를 통해 도시화로 인한 열분포의 변화를 탐지하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 도심지의 면적이 최대 23.59% 상승한 반면 산림지역은 최대 27.91% 감소하였고, 도시화로 인해 도심의 지표온도가 주변지보다 높게 나타났으며, 이 경우 산림지역에 비해 약 $2.4^{\circ}C{\sim}5.7^{\circ}C$ 높게 형성되어 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2002

This study quantified $CO_2$, $SO_2$ and $NO_2$ uptake by vegetation in Seoul. The natural area was only 20% of the area of Seoul and its tree-age structure was dominated by a young and growing tree population. However the natural area accounted for about 65%, 60%, and 59% of total $CO_2$, $SO_2$ and $NO_2$ uptake relatively. In natural area broad-leaved forest was dominative and accounted for about 37.8%, 36.7%, 36.6% of total $CO_2$, $SO_2$ and $NO_2$ uptake in Seoul relatively. In urbanized area the park type land use played an important role. It's area was only 17% of the urbanized area in Seoul, but it accounted for about 67%, 57%, and 56% of $CO_2$, $SO_2$ and $NO_2$ uptake in urbanized area relatively. Total annual uptake by vegetative cover was estimated as 446,741 ton/yr for $CO_2$, 314 ton/yr for $SO_2$ and 815 ton/yr for $NO_2$, and economic value of atmospheric purification for the entire area of Seoul amounted to approximately \228,073 millions/yr for the annual $CO_2$, $SO_2$ and $NO_2$ uptake. The results from this study are expected to be useful not merely in informing the public of atmospheric purification values of vegetative cover, but in urging the necessity for replanting and management budgets.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 토지와 물이 포함된 지역에서 초분광 영상을 이용한 토지피복 분류 가능성을 제시하는데 있다. CASI-1500 항공 초분광 영상을 통해 취득한 초분광 영상에 대해 전처리 작업으로서 대기보정을 수행한 후, 대기보정 전 후에서 몇 개의 토지피복 클래스에 대해 대기보정 효과가 비교 분석되었다. 항공사진과 수치지형도와 같은 참조자료로 활용하여 초분광 영상에 의한 토지피복 분류결과를 분석한 결과, 최대우도법에서는 약 67.0%의 전체정확도를 나타내었으며, 최소거리법은 52.4%의 전체정확도를 보였다. 또한 도로, 밭, 비닐하우스에서는 토지피복 분류의 생산자 정확도가 높게 나타났으나, 하천, 산지, 초지지역에서는 매우 복잡한 객체로 구성되어 있기 때문에 토지피복 분류의 생산자 정확도가 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 향후에는 특정객체 분류를 위한 최적의 밴드선별과 객체 고유의 분광특성을 고려한 분광 라이브러리를 구축하는 연구가 필요하다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권6_2호
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• pp.1591-1604
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• 2020

본 연구는 고해상도 위성영상을 딥러닝 알고리즘에 적용하여 토지피복을 분류하고 공간객체별 알고리즘의 성능 검증에 대한 연구이다. 이를 Fully Convolutional Network계열의 알고리즘을 선정하였으며, Kompasat-3 위성영상, 토지피복지도 및 임상도를 활용하여 데이터셋을 구축하였다. 구축된 데이터셋을 알고리즘에 적용하여 각각 최적 하이퍼파라미터를 산출하였다. 하이퍼파라미터 최적화 이후 최종 분류를 시행하였으며, 전체 정확도는 DeeplabV3+가 81.7%로 가장 높게 산정되었다. 그러나 분류 항목별로 정확도를 살펴보면, 도로 및 건물에서 SegNet이 가장 우수한 성능을 나타내었으며, 활엽수, 논의 항목에서 U-Net이 가장 높은 정확도를 보였다. DeeplabV3+의 경우 밭과 시설재배지, 초지 등에서 다른 두 모델보다 우수한 성능을 나타내었다. 결과를 통해 토지피복 분류를 위해 하나의 알고리즘 적용에 대한 한계점을 확인하였으며, 향후 공간객체별로 적합한 알고리즘을 적용한다면, 높은 품질의 토지피복분류 결과를 산출할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2020

Vegetation carbon sequestration and regeneration are the two major parameters of forest research. In this study, we analyzed the vegetation carbon stock and regeneration of community-managed pine plantation of Kathmandu, central Nepal. Vegetation data were collected from 40 circular plots of 10 m radius (for the tree) and 1m radius (for seedling) applying a stratified random sampling and nested quadrat method. The carbon stock was estimated by Chave allometric model and estimated carbon stock was converted into CO₂ equivalents. Density-diameter (d-d) curve was also prepared to check the regeneration status and stability of the plantation. A d-d curve indicates the good regeneration status of the forest with a stable population in each size class. Diversity of trees was very low, only two tree species Pinus roxburghii and Eucalyptus citriodora occurred in the sample plots. Pine was the dominant tree in terms of density, basal area, biomass, carbon stock and CO₂ stock than the eucalyptus. The basal area, carbon stock and CO₂ stock of forest was 33±1.0 ㎡ ha^-1, 108±5.0 Mg ha^-1 and 394±18 Mg ha^-1, respectively. Seedling and tree density of the plantation was 4,965 ha^-1 and 339 ha^-1 respectively. The forest carbon stock showed a positive relationship with biomass, tree diameter, height and basal area but no relationship with tree density. Canopy cover and tree diameter have a negative effect on seedling density and regeneration. In conclusion, the community forest has a stable population in each size class, sequestering a significant amount of carbon and CO₂ emitted from densely populated Kathmandu metro city as the forest biomass hence have a potentiality to mitigate the global climate change.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 금강유역 내 용담댐 및 대청댐을 대상으로 SWAT 모형을 이용하여 미래 유출량 전망에 지배적인 인자로 작용하는 토지피복 변화에 따른 유출량 변화를 분석하였다. Landsat TM 위성영상을 이용하여 과거 1990년 및 1995년 토지피복 자료를 관측 자료로 사용하여 CA-Markov 연쇄기법에 의한 2000년 토지피복도를 모의하여 비교 검증을 한 후 향후 2050년과 2100년의 토지피복변화를 모의하였다. 이를 SWAT모형의 입력 자료로 이용하여 A1B 시나리오하에서 토지피복 변화 전 후의 유출량을 비교 분석 하였다. 금강유역에 대한 토지피복에 대한 경년별 추세 분석결과 산림과 논은 꾸준히 감소하고 주거지, 나지, 초지 등은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 미래 토지피복의 변화를 고려한 유출 변화 분석결과, 토지피복의 변화를 고려한 유출량이 토지피복의 변화를 고려하지 않았을 때보다 전체적으로 1.83~2.87%로 소폭 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.209-223
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• 2018

We investigated tree composition, stand characteristics, biomass allocation pattern and carbon storage variability in Sal forests (Shorea robusta Garten.) under two forest management regimes (Sal forest and Sal plantation) in Tripura, Northeast India. The results revealed higher species richness (29 species), stand density of $1060.00{\pm}11.12stems\;ha^{-1}$ and diversity index ($1.90{\pm}0.08$) in Sal forest. and lower species richness (4 species), stand density of $ 230.00{\pm}37.22stems\;ha^{-1}$ and diversity index ($0.38{\pm}0.15$) in Sal plantation. The total basal cover $33.02{\pm}4.87m^2ha^{-1}$) and dominance ($0.76{\pm}0.08$) were found higher in Sal plantation than the Sal forest ($22.53{\pm}0.38m^2ha^{-1}$ and $0.23{\pm}0.02$ respectively). The total vegetation carbon density was recorded higher in Sal plantation ($219.68{\pm}19.65Mg\;ha^{-1}$) than the Sal forest ($167.64{\pm}16.73Mg\;ha^{-1}$). The carbon density estimates acquired in this study suggest that Sal plantation in Tripura has the potentiality to store a large amount of atmospheric carbon inspite of a very low species diversity. However, Sal forests has also an impending sink of carbon due to presence of large number of young trees.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.120-128
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• 2016

Forest sequesters large terrestrial carbon which is stored in the biomass of tree and plays a key role in reducing atmospheric carbon. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to assess the growing stock, above ground biomass and carbon in trees of Ponda watershed of Rajouri district (J&K). IRS-P6 LISS-III satellite data of October 2010 was used for preparation of land use/land cover map and forest density map of the study area by visual interpretation. The growing stock estimation was done for the study area as well as for the sample plots laid in forest and agriculture fields. The growing stock and biomass of trees were estimated using species specific volume equations and using specific gravity of wood, respectively. The total growing stock in the study area was estimated to be $0.25million\;m^3$ which varied between $85.94m^3/ha$ in open pine to $11.58m^3/ha$ in degraded pine forest. However in agriculture area, growing stock volume density of $14.85m^3/ha$ was recorded. Similarly, out of the total biomass (0.012 million tons) and carbon (0.056 million tons) in the study area, open pine forest accounted for the highest values of 43.74 t/ha and 19.68 t/ha and lowest values of 5.68 t/ha and 2.55 t/ha, respectively for the degraded pine forest. The biomass and carbon density in agriculture area obtained was 5.49 t/ha and 2.47 t/ha, respectively. In all the three forest classes Pinus roxburghii showed highest average values of growing stock volume density, biomass and carbon.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.43-66
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• 1985

Korea needs proper and rational public policies on conservation and use of forest land and other natural resources because of the accelerating expansion of national land developments in recent years. Unfortunately, there is no systematic planning system to support the needs. Generally, forest land use planning needs suitability analysis based on efficient land classification system. The goal of this study was to classify a forest land using multivariate satistical methods. A case study was carried out in winter of 1983 on a mountainous area higher than 100m above sea level located at Mt. Kwanak in Anyang -city, Kyung-gi-do (province). The study area was 19.80 km$^2$wide and was divided into 1, 383 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU's) by a 120m$\times$120m grid. Fourteen descriptors were identified and quantified for each OTU from existing national land data : elevation, slope, aspect, terrain form, geologic material, surface soil permeability, topsoil type, depth of the solum, soil acidity, forest cover type, stand size class, stand age class, stand density class, and simple forest soil capability class. For this study, a FORTRAN IV program was written for input and output map data, and the computer statistics packages, SPSS and BMD, were used to perform the multivariate statistical analysis. Fourteen variables were analyzed to investigate the characteristics of their fire quench distribution and to estimate the correlation coefficients among them. Principal component analysis was executed to find the dimensions of forest land characteristics, and factor scores were used for proper samples of OTU throughout the study area. In order to develop the classes of forest land classification based on 102 surrogates, cluster and discriminant analyses of principal descriptor variable matrix were undertaken. Results obtained through a series of multivariate statistical analyses were as follows ; 1) Principal component analysis was proved to be a useful tool for data selection and identification of principal descriptor variables which represented the characteristics of forest land and facilitated the selection of samples.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2017

The problem of the population number of honeybees that is decreasing not only domestically but also globally, has a great influence on human beings and the entire ecosystem. The habitat of honeybees is recognized to be superior in urban environment rather than rural environment, and predicting for habitat assessment and conservation is necessary. Based on this, we targeted Cheonan City and neighboring administrative areas where the distribution of agricultural areas, urban areas, and forest areas is displayed equally. In order to predict the habitat preferred by honeybees, we apply the Maxent model what based on the presence information of the species. We also selected 10 environmental variables expected to influence honeybees habitat environment through literature survey. As a result of constructing the species distribution model using the Maxent model, 71.7% of the training data were shown on the AUC(Area Under Cover) basis, and it was be confirmed with an area of 20.73% in the whole target area, based on the 50% probability of presence of honeybees. It was confirmed that the contribution of the variable has influence on land covering, distance from the forest, altitude, aspect. Based on this, the possibility of honeybee's habitat characteristics were confirmed to be higher in wetland environment, in agricultural land, close to forest and lower elevation, southeast and west. The prediction of these habitat environments has significance as a lead research that presents the habitat of honeybees with high conservation value of ecosystems in terms of urban space, and it will be useful for future urban park planning and conservation area selection.