• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.130-138
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• 2017

This study examined chemical characterization in commercial dark-fleshed fish (mackerel Scomber japonicus, Japanese Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius, and Pacific herring Clupea pallasii) to determine their suitability for use as raw materials for seafood products. The volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), heavy metal, radioactivity, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), benzo[a]pyrene, and histamine concentrations were measured. The VBN in all of the dark-fleshed fish was less than 20 mg/100 g, which is the limit for raw materials for seafood processing. Except for mackerel based on the lead (Pb) standards of the European Union (EU), Taiwan, and CODEX, and all fish based on the cadmium (Cd) standards for China and the EU, the commercial dark-fleshed fish were free from total mercury (Hg), Pb, and Cd based on domestic and foreign standards. The radioactivity, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), benzo[a]pyrene, and histamine concentrations of the commercial dark-fleshed fish all adhered to the domestic and foreign standards. The commercial dark-fleshed fish tested could all be used as raw materials for seafood products, except for some exported products.

• 정보와 통신
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.114-127
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• 1999

음성급 서비스 위주로 설치되어 있는 국내의 구내통신 설비는 서비스와 무관한 접지 및 본딩에 관한 제방 규정이 미비한 상황이다. 고속, 광대역 서비스용 구내통신 설비의 신뢰성 제고를 위해 구내에 설치되는 기자재의 접지와 본딩에 관한 연구 및 표준안 작성을 구내통신운용의 효율성을 도모하기 위해 꼭 필요한 분야이다. 따라서 본고는 국내 접지현황 및 문제점을 고찰하고, 이에 비교할 만한 국외의 여러 접지 및 본딩에 관련한 기술표준을 살펴 본 후, 국내의 취약한 부분에 외국의 기술표준을 적용한다. 결과적으로 건물의 신/개축 시 구내통신설비에 맞는 접지와 본딩의 국내 기술표준안을 제시하여, 신뢰성있는 시스템을 제공하도록 관련된 모든 분야에 일반성과 효율성을 부여하고자 한다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.795-805
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• 2022

연구목적: 이 연구는 최근 증가하고 있는 외국인 마약사범 문제를 살펴보고 현재 우리나라의 마약정책의 개선방안을 제시하기 위한 목적을 가지고 연구를 수행하였다. 연구방법: 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 관련분야 선행연구 및 통계자료 등을 분석하고 해외사례 등을 참고하여 개선방안을 제안하였다. 연구결과: 2000년대 들어와 외국인의 국내 거주가 증가함에 따라 외국인마약범죄가 증가하고 있다. 실제 외국인 마약범죄 발생 실태를 살펴보면, 한국인의 마약범죄 계수 대비 1.2~3.3배 이상 더 발생하는 것으로 나타났으며, 2012년에 비해 2021년에는 6.5배 이상 증가한 모습을 보였다. 특히, 향정신성의약품과 관련된 마약범죄가 폭발적으로 증가하는 모습을 보였고, 마약 밀수로 많은 돈을 벌수 있는 사례가 등장하며 2016년을 기점으로 마약밀수가 폭발적으로 증가하였다. 결론: 외국인 마약범죄에 효과적으로 대응하기 위하여 외국인마약사범에 대한 집중 단속과 마약사범의 출신국별 가중치를 부여하여 마약류를 유입시킬 가능성이 높은 외국 출신자에 대한 입국의 기준을 강화하는 등의 방법을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the welfare effects of standards harmonization between technologically asymmetric countries, and to determine optimal harmonization strategies for a country with mid-level technological advancement. Design/methodology - Following Salop's circular city model (Salop, 1979), this study constructs a simple, horizontally-differentiated oligopoly model in which three firms and three countries exist. Each country adopts different compatibility standards and each firm incurs conversion costs for foreign market access due to differences in standards. The conversion costs are related to technology; standards harmonization removes these costs between participating countries. The paper considers three cases: i) no harmonization; ii) harmonization with the more technologically-advanced country and iii) harmonization with the less technologically-advanced country. Findings - The paper first considers a scenario in which all three firms occupy some share of the market in each country. It shows that standards harmonization with both the technologically moreor less-advanced country always increases consumer surplus and social welfare. In addition, the producer surplus will increase if the harmonization partner has a higher technology level, whereas it may decrease if the partner has a lower technology level. It also shows that if most domestic export goods are in sectors with conversion costs above a certain level, harmonizing standards with a technologically more-advanced country should be prioritized. Such strategies, moreover, should be emphasized when there exists a large technology gap among countries. Lastly, the paper considers another scenario, in which harmonization leads to the foreclosure of the non-member firm from the member countries' markets. It shows that harmonization improves the social welfare of a mid-level technology country regardless of its partner's technology. It also shows that the country should prioritize harmonization with the technologically less-advanced country. Originality/value - Though some of the existing studies consider the welfare effects of harmonization, their main assumption is that firms have the same conversion technology. Since complying with standards often requires substantial technological advancement and technical expertise, harmonization of compatibility standards between countries with gaps in technological ability carries different implications. This paper investigates the welfare effects of this harmonization and determines an optimal harmonization strategy while considering technological asymmetry among countries in standards compliance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2022

Information and communication technology (ICT) is one of the primary zones that stimulates economic development in today's globalized world. It promotes technological developments in worldwide communication and manufacturing systems, as well as economic growth and development. Many economic activities, such as international trade and foreign direct investment, rely heavily on contemporary information and communications technologies (FDI). The goal of this study is to look at the dynamic relationship between FDI, ICT, trade openness, and economic growth in the context of BRICS countries from 2000 to 2018, with Gross Domestic Product as the dependent variable and Telephone subscriptions, Mobile subscriptions, Broadband subscriptions, Internet subscribers, Secure internet servers, Trade, and Foreign direct investment as the independent variables.Two variables are used as proxies to manage the macroeconomic environment, while five variables are used as proxies for ICT infrastructures. The outcomes of this study are analyzed using Generalized Methods of Movements (GMM). According to this study, ICT has a positive impact on the economic growth of a few countries. Trade openness and foreign direct investment, on the other hand, have a negative impact on economic growth. As growing countries, the BRICS must participate in economic reform and liberalization measures. This report suggests policy proposals for improving ICT standards, focusing especially on economic growth, trade openness, and increasing foreign investment in the BRICS countries.

• 한국인쇄학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국인쇄학회 2007년도 추계 학술논문 발표회
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• pp.29-43
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• 2007

Web offset newspaper prints is the most widely used printing process in domestic printing industry, but there are no industry-wide specifications for press control to assure consistent quality across newspaper printing plants. As newspaper printing becomes more of a commodity and less of an art, it is necessary to develop the print quality specification standard suitable for Korea web offset newspaper printing field. There are a few commonly employed printing standards such as, SNAP(Specification for Non-Heatset Publication) of the US, IFRA(INCA-FIEJ Research Association), J-color (Japan printing machinery association). And there exists KS for domestic standards, however, since it has been directly imported from ISO standards, there are discrepancies in printing materials and media. This paper aims to examine the color reproduction quality of domestic web offset newspaper prints by comparing with foreign standards. Printing experiments on this study have been performed at one of the domestic newspaper printing companies. The color reproduction properties of the web offset newspaper prints are measured by means of densitometry and colorimetry. These measures are evaluated comapratively with the international standards by means of analyzing, the major factors that determine the color reproduction quality of web offset newspapar prints.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2007

Web offset newspaper prints is the most widely used printing process in domestic printing industry, but there are no industry-wide specifications for press control to assure consistent quality across newspaper printing plants. As newspaper printing becomes more of a commodity and less of an art, it is necessary to develop the print quality specification standard suitable for Korea web offset newspaper printing field. There are a few commonly employed printing standards such as, SNAP (Specification for Non-Heatset Publication) of the US, IFRA(INCA-FIEJ Research Association), J-color (Japan printing machinery association). And there exists KS for domestic standards, however, since it has been directly imported from ISO standards, there are discrepancies in printing materials and media. This paper aims to examine the color reproduction quality of domestic web offset newspaper prints by comparing with foreign standards. Printing experiments on this study have been performed at one of the domestic newspaper printing companies. The color reproduction properties of the web offset newspaper prints are measured by means of densitometry and colorimetry. These measures are evaluated comapratively with the international standards by means of analyzing, the major factors that determine the color reproduction quality of web offset newspaper prints.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 1부
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• pp.29-31
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• 2010

This study investigated the typical standards of B kind of standard specification related to home and abroad forms design and compared them, and the results can be summarized as follows. In case of domestic standards, regulations on most forms design was described relatively in detail. and in case of CTEA among them, it included detailed contents of load conditions, lifting and subsidence. In case of abroad standards, the design regulations are only simply mentioned, not in detail, in ACI, CEB-FIP and BS, and JCI and JASS were similar to domestic KCI and KASS regulations. As to structural calculation in forms design regulations, most of domestic regulations included detailed matters on structural calculation, among them, CTEA shows the most detailed matters on it. On the other hand, it could be known that in case of abroad standards, most standards do not include matters on structural calculation except ACI, JCI and JASS.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2017

We assessed the sanitary quality of fish jerky based on domestic standards (Korean FDA, Standards on Quality of Seafood and Seafood Products, KS) and compared the characteristics of fish jerky with those of other commercial animal jerky products. The standards encompassed sensory properties (form, flavor, color, texture, and foreign matter), moisture, and microbial properties (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). Based on the standards, some fish jerkies did not meet standards on sensory form (code 5) and color (code 11), moisture content (code 7 and 12), E. coli (code 2, 4, 5, 9, 10 and 14) and S. Aureus (code 5). These results suggest that commercial fish jerky should be monitored and controlled on safety to ensure the distribution of high-quality products.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2024

Purpose: This study is to present basic data and standards for calculating the space composition and area required when planning a neonatal intensive care unit. Methods: Review domestic and foreign facility standards and regulations related to the current neonatal intensive care unit, select a regional neonatal intensive care center designated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare as a case hospital, and organize a space program for the construction plan of the neonatal intensive care unit through analysis of characteristics such as facility size and function composition. Results and Implications: The size, facility area, and detailed room composition characteristics of the neonatal intensive care unit in Korea were confirmed, and essential rooms and appropriate areas were derived when planning the construction of the neonatal intensive care unit. Korea's legal facility standards related to neonatal intensive care units are lower than the actual hospital status and overseas standards, and the facility standards of the medical law need to be improved.