• KSBB Journal
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

클로렐라는 생물화학적 성분들을 풍부하게 함유하고 있어서 영양학적으로 사료나 식품으로 이용되며 화장품, 의약품, 심지어 연료로도 이용되고 있다. 클로렐라는 보통 연못이나 호수 등 담수에서 생육하며, 구형 단세포이다. 생식은 무성생식으로 하루에 4-16배로 증식한다. 클로렐라의 대량생산을 위한 배양은 크게 옥외배양법과 발효조 배양법으로 나뉜다. 클로렐라는 필수 아미노산과 생체에 여러 가지 생리적 기능을 수행하는 지방산과 스테롤, 유산균 성장 촉진 원인 물질인 chlorella growth factor (CGF)의 함유되어 있으며, 생체 내에서 중금속 배출기능, 독성물질의 분해, 동맥경화 및 간장장애의 억제, 면역기능 강화, 항암 활성, 장내 유효세균의 증식 촉진, 식품의 풍미 향상 및 보습효과 등의 기능성을 가지고 있어 기능성 생물소재로 주목되고 있다. 클로렐라는 건강기능식품, 화장품, 의약품 소재로서 응용될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 이산화탄소의 고정화와 수소가스의 생성 등 환경 및 에너지의 생산을 위한 수단으로서의 역할이 전망된다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.183-196
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• 2013

본 연구는 여러 해조류 소재 중에서 국내 생산량이 많고 연소가 뛰어나 수율이 높은 해초액 화합물을 대량생산 실용화가 가능한 것을 목표로 하며, 해조류인 미역 다시마 톳 기타 김 등을 이용하는 것으로서 주로 원료확보는 폐자원 해조류 등을 이용하여 고온에서 Poly step trap식 건류 공정 적용인 탄화공정을 수반함으로서 생성된 해초 액을 개발하는 연구다. 이를 분리 정제하는 기술적 공정을 개발하고 나아가 시제품을 개발하여 농업, 식품, 비료, 의약품 대체화를 추진함과 동시에 제일 문제시 되고 있는 식품 첨가제를 해결함으로서 고 부가치성 창출과 바이오 생물약제 원료로 개발하고자 하였다. 그래서 해초 액을 추출 분리 및 정제연구를 실시하여 화합물 분석실험을 추진하였다. 그리고 목초액과 성분비교 우위성 입증실험을 성분비교실험을 통해서 비교 검증실험을 추진하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.105-110
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• 1996

Mugwort has been known as a traditional substitutive foodstuff and as showing a physiologically beneficial function to a human being. Therefore, effect of mugwort extract in terms of mutagenicity and desmutagenicity was investigated to berify its function. Ethanol extract from mugwort did not exhibit any mutagenicity. On the contrary, inhibitory effects of the ethanol extract were observed on mutagenicity induced by aflatoxin $B_{1}(AFB_1)$, 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole(Trp-P-1), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole(Trp-P-2) and 2-nitroflourene(2NF) using Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay. On direct-acting mutagen(2NF, 3${\mu}$g/plate), ethanol extract showed a slight inhibitory effect of 19.7~22.9%, however on indirect-acting mutagen such as AFB1(2${\mu}$g/plate), Trp-P-1(1${\mu}$g/plate) and Trp-P-2(1${\mu}$g/plate), we observed higher inhibitory effect of 47.9~61.2%, 64.1~70.7%, 67.4~78.7%, respectively. Step-wise fractionation of the ethanol extract was done by using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water to obtain effective fraction. Among them, hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions showed high inhibition of 63.0~80.0%, 77.5~82.1%, and 68.5~83.1%, respectively on the mutagenicity of $AFB_1$ in Sal. typhimurium TA98. Consequently, these results indicated that mugwort extract contains some compound(s) which may show desmutagenicity.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.811-820
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the practices for management manual development of Good Restaurants in order to apply Green Safety Management technology. A total of 128 restaurants in Seoul according to restaurant size and style were analyzed by SPSS (window ver. 12.0). Exactly 38.3% of those surveyed purchased manicured vegetables and seafood that generates less garbage; Korean restaurants displayed the lowest frequency of purchasing preprocessed foodstuff, and Japanese restaurants had the most refrigerators and thermometers and kept the refrigeration temperature the lowest. Exactly 56.5% of the restaurants sold large and small amounts of main menu separately; Chinese restaurants displayed the highest rate while Western restaurants displayed the lowest. Furthermore, only 7.3% of the restaurants were willing to sell either large or small amounts of the same menu item. Japanese style menu had the most number of side dishes (6.1) while Western style menu had the lowest (1.8). Most of the restaurants were equipped with containers for leftovers (87.4%), but the rate of customers who took out leftovers significantly differed depending on the style of restaurant (p<0.05).

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.387-397
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• 2003

During the first half of twentieth century, even though the importance of non-calorie essential micronutrients of 13 vitamins and 17 minerals has been known to alleviate nutritional disorder; the primary objective of agriculture and plant breeding programs has been to increase the productivity and seed yields, and macronutrients of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates made up the bulk of foodstuff which were used primarily as an energy source. In the last decade it has been found that non-essential micronutrients encompass a vast group of phytochemicals including antioxidants that are not strictly required in the diet but when present at sufficient levels work as health-promoting chemicals. Nowadays agricultural crops are grown for health rather than for food or fiber, and modifying the nutritional compositions of plant foods has become an urgent health issue. To ensure an adequate intake of essential vitamins and minerals, and to increase the consumption of health-promoting phytochemicals, the researches on plant secondary metabolism have been made. The attempt to improve nutritional quality of crops has been blocked by a lack of basic knowledge of plant metabolism. The advent of genomics era enabled new approaches to make crossing regardless of species, family, or phylum barriers, and the accumulation in our basic knowledge on plant secondary metabolism during the coming decade would be tremendous. As the major staple crops contain insufficient amount of many micronutrients, fortification strategy will be a necessary practice. Elevated intake of specific vitamins, C, E, and $\beta$-carotene, mineral selenium, antioxidants, and phytochemicals significantly reduces the risk of chronic disease such as cancer, cardiovascular disorder, diabetis, and other degenerative disease associated with aging. As the attempt to improve the nutritional quality of crops requires the basic knowledges on plant metabolism, plant biochemistry, human physiology, and food chemistry, strong interdisplinary collaboration among plant biotechnologists, human nutritionists, and food scientists will be needed. Inhibition of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other degenerative disorder may be the biggest goal facing nutritional plant breeders. But the assumption that simply increasing dietary level of any compound will necessarily improve human health is a dangerous idea because many plant secondary products and dietary contaminants have paradoxical (hermetic) effects. Before biotechnical manipulation is undertaken to elevate or reduce any individual constituent of crops, the contribution of the micronutrient to human health must first be investigated.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2015

Purpose: Corn is a major commercial crop targeted for genetic modification owing to its high consumer demand as a foodstuff for humans and livestock, as well as its other industrial applications. However, the safety of genetically modified (GM) crops is controversial. Indeed, several countries have banned the importation of GM seeds that can germinate. Therefore, development of effective, convenient, and nondestructive methods to inhibit seed germination is required. Methods: This study aimed to examine the efficacy of microwave heat treatment for inhibition of germination of corn kernels and for optimization of power and exposure time required for effective aging treatment. Artificial inhibition was induced in corn kernels using microwave heat treatment. Seven power levels were examined (400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 W) at each of the four exposure times (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 min). Results: Corn kernels could be aged effectively after heating for 0.5~1.0 min at powers greater than 800 W, with increasing efficacy observed at higher powers. Further analysis showed that the most effective inhibition of germination was observed at 1000 W for 40 s. This setting did not cause any physical damage to the corn kernels. Conclusions: Optimal inhibition of corn kernel germination was achieved using higher power for shorter times, which may be useful for industrial corn seed treatment.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.491-495
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• 2004

천연 저 칼로리 감미료로써 stevia의 소비가 증가하고 있는 시점에서 재배 및 기능성 식품소재로 이용하기 위하여 수확시기별 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 가용성 고형분 함량과 추출수율은 성장 기간이 길어질수록 증가하였고, pH는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 색도와 투과율은 큰 변화가 없었으나, 성장 시기가 길어질수록 L, a, b값은 유사한 감소 경향을 나타내었고, 갈색도는 증가하였다. 성장기간 중 stevioside와 rebaudioside A의 비율은 stevioside는 $68.97\%$에서 $61.09\%$까지 감소하고, rebaudioside A는 $20.83\%$에서 $27.52\%$까지 증가하였다. Stevia 잎의 감미성분함량은 성장함에 따라 일정한 수준으로 증가하여 최고치는 8월말이며 함량은 $12.80\%$였고, 9월말에는 함량이 $12.10\%$로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 최고 감미도는 25 - 30배였으며 감미질은 5월말에 채취한 시료가 가장 우수하였다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.345-349
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 주박 분말을 발효식품에 이용하고자 상업용 Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, Streptococcus thermophilus 혼합 균주를 이용하여 탈지분유와 주박 분말로 요구르트를 제조하고 주박 분말의 첨가량에 따른 요구르트의 발효특성을 조사하였다. 탈지분유에 주박을 0.5~2.0 % 첨가한 결과 적정산도는 주박의 사용량에 비례하여 증가하였으며, 12시간 후 대조구 1.07 %에서 주박 분말 첨가 요구르트는 1.19~1.29 %로 증가하였다. pH의 변화도 적정산도의 변화와 일치하는 경향이었다. 젖산균 생균수는 주박 분말의 첨가량에 비례하여 증가하였으며, 젖산균 수가 최대로 증가하는 시간도 주박 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 단축되었다. 대조군은 15시간 후 8.77 log CFU/g로, 2.0 % 첨가군은 9시간 후 8.96 log CFU/g까지 증가하였다. 또한 주박 분말의 첨가량에 따라 유청 비율은 감소하여 주박 분말이 유청 분리를 억제하여 커드의 안정성에 기여하였다. 주박 분말을 첨가한 요구르트는 대조군과 관능적으로 차이가 없었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.737-744
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• 2007

An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric method was developed as a candidate reference method for the accurate determination of acrylamide in potato chips, starch-rich foodstuff cooked at high temperature. Sample was spiked with 13C3-acrylamide and then extracted with water. The extract was further cleaned up with an Oasis HLB solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge and an Oasis mixed-phase cation exchange (MCX) SPE cartridge. The extract was analyzed by using LC/ESI/Tandem MS in positive ion mode. LC with a medium reversed-phase (C4) column was optimized to obtain adequate chromatographic retention and separation of acrylamide. MS was operated to selectively monitor [M+H]+ ions of the analyte and its isotope analogue at m/z 72 and m/z 75, respectively. Sample was also analyzed by the LC/MS with selectively monitoring the collisionally induced dissociation channels of m/z 72 → m/z 55 and m/z 75 → 58. Compared to the LC/MS chromatograms, the LC/MS/MS chromatograms showed substantially reduced background chemical noises coming from solvent clusters formed during ESI spray processes and interferences from sample matrix. Repeatability and reproducibility studies showed that the LC/MS/MS method is a reliable and reproducible method which can provide a typical method precision of 1.0% while the LC/MS results are influenced by chemical interferences.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.433-440
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• 2001

IAEA, FDA, WHO, CEC를 포함한 상이한 국제기관에서 권고하고 있는 방법론에 따라 국내 방사능 비상계획을 위한 기초자료로 활용하기 위해 음식물의 오염에 대한 유도개입준위를 평가 비교하였다. 원자력발전소의 사고 결과에 중요 핵종인 $^{137}Cs,\;^{90}Sr\;^{131}I$이 고려되었다. 선량에 대한 개입준위는 ICRP의 신권고 (ICRP-60) 평가체제에 근거하여 적용하였다. 음식물에 대한 유도개입준위는 국제기관에서 권고하고 있는 방법론에 따라 약 10배까지 차이를 나타내며, 전반적으로 FDA와 WHO 방법론에 근거한 유도개입준위는 IAEA와 CEC 방법론에 근거한 유도개입준위에 비해 보수적 (보다 낮은 값)이었다. 유도개입준위에 대한 결정 연령 군으로 우유는 모든 핵종에 대해 3개월 유아, 나머지 대부분의 음식물의 경우 $^{137}Cs$은 성인, $^{90}Sr$은 15세, $^{131}I$은 5세로 나타났다.