• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.459-467
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to suggest the strategies for improvement of home-delivered meal services for the elderly, to identify reasons for recipients to get started with the services and to evaluate the attitude, acceptability and adaptation of recipients to the services from the perspective of life context. Methods: The data was collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews with eighteen low-income elderly recipients of home-delivered meals and analyzed using a qualitative research method. Results: The results were deduced as four themes which comprised of long-term vulnerable socioeconomic contexts resulted in entry to the services, conflicting acceptability to the services, passive adaptation to taking the services, and positive practices to cope with supplement free meals or other services. The service participation was initiated because of a combination of prolonged, vulnerable socioeconomic contexts, including poverty and unexpected life events such as diseases, disability, living alone, aging and unemployment. With regard to taking the services, conflicting acceptability was observed: positive aspects including saving living cost and good quality of meals, and negative aspects including lack of a tailored service and feeling of stigma. Although the recipients needed an individualized service, they did not express their needs and demands for the services and they accepted the unavailability as an accustomed, prolonged vulnerable socioeconomic context. With regard to lack of tailored services, either self-solution such as modification of eating patterns or community-based network and services were used. Conclusions: We suggest that a system to concretely identify recipients' attitude, acceptability and adaptation for home-delivered meal services should be developed in the establishment of a tailored nutrition support system for the low-income elderly.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.226-238
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• 2010

국내에는 많은 창업자들이 창업을 앞두고 프랜차이즈 사업에 대한 정보와 전망을 탐지하면서 본인이 가지고 있는 조건과 본사의 장점과 단점을 합리적성 판단하고 또한 본사의 신뢰를 분석하고 계약 의사로 이어지게 될 것이다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 창업자의 환경에 따라 가맹 본사의 조건 지원 요소가 신뢰 계약 의사를 분석결과, 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 창업자 환경이 본사 조건에 미치는 영향에서는 본사의 역사 요인에서 경험, 창업자의 자신감이, 본사의 가맹점의 수에서는 경험, 전문 지식이, 본사의 브랜드 요인에서는 경험, 전문 지식, 창업자의 자신감이 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 창업자 조건이 지원에 미치는 영향에서는 광고 지원, 요인에서는 경험, 전문 지식, 창업자의 자신감이 교육 지원 요인에서는 자본, 경험 요인이 영업 지침서 활용 요인에서는 자본, 전문 지식, 창업자의 자신감 요인이 또한, 패키지의 구매 요인에 창업자의 자신감 요인이 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 본사 지원이 신뢰에 미치는 영향에서는 신뢰 요인에서 본사의 역사, 본사의 가맹점 수, 본사의 브랜드 요인이 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 본사 지원이 계약 의사에 미치는 영향을 살펴보면 계약 의사 요인에서 교육 지원, 영업 지침서 활용, 패키지의 구매요인이 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.22.1-22.9
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• 2020

Rabid raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis) have been responsible for animal rabies in South Korea since the 1990s. A recombinant rabies vaccine strain, designated as ERAGS, was constructed for use as a bait vaccine. Therefore, new means of differentiating ERAGS from other rabies virus (RABV) strains will be required in biological manufacturing and diagnostic service centers. In this study, we designed two specific primer sets for differentiation between ERAGS and other RABVs based on mutation in the RABV glycoprotein gene. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the glycoprotein gene revealed two DNA bands of 383 bp and 583 bp in the ERAGS strain but a single DNA band of 383 bp in the field strains. The detection limits of multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were 80 and 8 FAID₅₀/reaction for the ERAGS and Evelyn-Rokitnicki-Abelseth strains, respectively. No cross-reactions were detected in the non-RABV reference viruses, including canine distemper virus, parvovirus, canine adenovirus type 1 and 2, and parainfluenza virus. The results of multiplex RT-PCR were 100% consistent with those of the fluorescent antibody test. Therefore, one-step multiplex RT-PCR is likely useful for differentiation between RABVs with and those without mutation at position 333 of the RABV glycoprotein gene.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.515-519
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• 2007

Rapid immunochromatographic assay (ICA) kits were developed using flagella-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and rabbit polyclonal antibodies for screening Listeria spp. in food. The establishment of different formats, MAb 2B1 as capture antibody and MAb 7A3 or rabbit polyclonal antibodies as detector antibody, was compared. The 2 formats of the ICA kit were shown to have specific reactions with Listeria and no cross-reactivity with any of the non-Listeria including Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enteritidis. The detection limits of the ICA kit using the combination of gold-labeled MAb 7A3 and MAb 2B1 showed $1{\times}10^5$ and $1{\times}10^6\;CFU/0.1\;mL$ at 22 and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. The other format of the ICA kit using the combination of gold-labeled rabbit polyclonal antibodies and MAb 2B1 showed $1{\times}10^6\;CFU/0.1\;mL$ at $22^{\circ}C$ but weak signal at 30 culture. The format utilizing MAb was more sensitive than the one using polyclonal antibodies for capture antibody. Samples contaminated with L. monocytogenes 4b culture (9-10, 5-6, and 1-2 CFU/mL) on pork and pasteurized milk were confirmed as positive results. Current data suggests that this ICA kit is a rapid, simple and effective tool to screen for Listeria spp. in food.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.444-450
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• 2009

This study examined the preferred salinity levels of soups by different demographic groups in order to establish desirable serving conditions for soups with respect to customer satisfaction and health. The salinity levels were measured in August and November to determine seasonal variations using a digital salinity measuring device. Four demographic groups totaling 1,723 individuals were surveyed from institutional foodservice establishments (IFEs) in elementary schools (ES: male 202/female 194), middle-high schools (MHS: 268/216), universities (UNIV: 208/238), and companies (COM: 182/215) in Seoul. Various thin or thick soups typically offered in foodservice establishments were served salty (1.2%) and less salty (0.4%) at $55{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ in a 50 mL portion. The preferred salinities of the soups were found to be 0.71%, 0.79%, 0.76%, and 0.74% for ES, MHS, UNIV, and COM, respectively. Men had 0.02~0.08% higher preferences than women in ES, MHS and UNIV. The customers also preferred higher salinity levels in November than in August, and in thick soups than in thin soups. The salinities preferred by school children were significantly (p<0.01) lower than those of soups by the IFEs. A similar observation was made for MHS, in which each IFE served the soups with significantly (p<0.01) higher salinities than those preferred by the students. Again, at two COM IFEs, the salinities of the soups served were significantly higher than those preferred by the customers. However, for one of UNIV, the salinity of the served soup was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that preferred by the students, while in the two other UNIV no significant differences were noted between the salinity of the served soup and the level preferred by customers. The surveys showed that 9 out of 12 IFEs served soups having salinities that were significantly higher than those preferred by customers. In particular, regardless of preference, the MHS group was served soups with higher salinity levels than the other demographic groups. The salinities of the soups provided by the IFEs were unnecessarily high for the levels preferred by the customers. Therefore, IFEs should make an effort to serve soups that are less salty soups to enhance public health.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2022

본 연구는 이용자 중심 관점에서 Z세대의 애플리케이션 사용의 효용성을 분석하여 Z세대에 대한 이해를 돕고 Z세대를 위한 모바일 서비스 마케팅 전략 수립, 교육서비스 개발, 공학교육 등에 필요한 기초 정보를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 Z세대인 대학생의 애플리케이션 사용경험에 대한 에세이를 177건 수집하였고, 토픽모델링을 활용하여 주요 토픽들을 분석하고, 이를 워드 클라우드 분석을 통해 시각화하였다. 연구 결과 주요 토픽들은 이동, 대중교통 등과 같은 '교통', 일정관리, 금융관리, 음식관리 등과 같은 '개인적 관리', 계산, 모임, 구매, 외식 등과 같은 '거래', 여행, 스터디, 문화 등과 같은 '여가활용' 과 관련된 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 시간, 생각, 사람, 생활, 버스, 정보, 확인, 결제, 카카오톡 등의 용어가 높은 빈도를 보였다. 또한, 단과대학별로 분석한 결과 토픽 간 차이가 나타났다. 본 연구는 비정형데이터인 에세이를 수집하여 애플리케이션 효용성을 토픽모델링을 통해 실증적으로 분석하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.461-465
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• 2012

This study was carried out to select the appropriate medium (especially, carbon and nitrogen source, potassium phosphate and pH) for somatic embryogenesis in order to develop the rapid mass production system in suspension culture of Oplopanax elatus Nakai. Direct somatic embryos were obtained from root explants in the hormone free suspension culture (MS). Combination of $NH_4NO_3$ and $KNO_3$ at the ratio of 1650 (mg/${\ell}$) : 1900 (mg/${\ell}$) obtained the better result to produce somatic embryo in suspension culture. MS medium supplemented with $170mg/{\ell}$ $KH_2PO_4$. The addition of 1 and 3% sucrose was effective for formation of embryogenic callus. Therefore, this report will be helped to improve the establishment for suspension culture in Oplopanax elatus Nakai.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.703-708
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to establish washing conditions for vegetable salad to reduce the microbial hazard by using sodium hypochlorite solution and eventually to implement HACCP for salad processing. By using the salad production line of Shinkeum Co. located in Gwacheon, Gyunggi-do, salad samples were washed under several washing conditions (chlorine dip period, chlorine concentration, rinse time, etc.) to determine the most effective conditions. The original washing line consisted of 3 baths (100 ppm chlorine water dip, water rinse, and water rinse), each with a capacity of 100 L of tap water and 5 kg of salad. First, the salad samples were washed with 100 ppm of sodium hypochlorite solution for various dip times (3, 6, 9, 12 min); however, only a 1 log- or less-reduction in total microbial counts was achieved in all groups and the time of chlorine water dip was not a significant factor in reducing the microbial hazard. When another water bath was added before the chlorine water dip (4-bath washing), a 2 log-reduction in total microbial counts was achieved. This result suggested the importance of pre-dipping salad materials in water before chlorine treatment to reduce the organic load on the surface of the vegetables. Coliforms were not detected at all after washing. As the concentration of chlorine $(50{\sim}150\;ppm)$ and rinse time $(0.5{\sim}2\;min)$ increased, greater microbial reduction was achieved; however, physical damage of the salad was observed. Finally, the optimum washing conditions for salad were determined as 3 min-water dip, 3 min-chlorine (100 ppm) dip, 2 min-rinse, and 2 min-rinse.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.184-189
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• 2007

Pathogenic microbial foodborne disease outbreaks (PMFBDOs) have increased in many countries, the boom in food service establishment is not matched by effective food safety and control. In this study, we investigated the current state and the epidemic aspects of FBDOs in Korea and Japan. In Korea, the average prevalence rate of foodborne disease (FBD) was 15.0 per 100,000 population and cases per outbreak of FBD was 57.0. During the same period in Japan, the prevalence rate showed an average of 24.9, and the cases per outbreak were 16. When both prevalence rate and cases per outbreak were compared, the prevalence rate in Japan was much higher than that in Korea (p<0.01). However, average cases per outbreak of FBD in Japan were much lower than those in Korea (p<0.01). In Korea, outbreaks of FBDs were more common in spring (p<0.01), while in Japan, more frequent in summer and winter (p<0.01). Outbreaks of FBD occurred largely through restaurant and school foods (32.0% and 27.5%) in Korea. In Japan, the proportion of the outbreak cases in the restaurant and home were 23.7% and 12.1%, and cases of unknown causes of FBDs were 48.2%, respectively. Bacteria were the major causes of infection in both countries. The prevalence of PMFBDOs by Salmonella spp. Vibrio parahemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus were much higher in Korea, while those by Camphylobacter spp. and SRSV were more common in Japan. The causes by virus were more frequent in Japan (13.7%) than in Korea (7.7%). The prevalence of FBDs in Korea and Japan showed characteristic differences, especially in the PMFBDOs due to such factors as geography, climate, culture, diet and food management.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2018

본 연구는 식품안전 분야 기술수준을 주요 5개국과 비교하여 현재의 기술수준에 대한 평가와 기술개발의 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 수행하였다. 식품안전 분야 기술수준 평가 결과 미국이 모든 분야에서 최상의 기술을 보유한 것으로 나타났으며, 우리나라의 경우 최고기술 보유국인 미국과 비교할 때 4위를 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 우리나라는 논문 점유율과 영향력은 주요 5개국 기준으로 최하위를 차지하였으며, 특허 기술력으로 볼 때, 특허 인용도는 3위, 특허 영향력은 1위로 나타나 점유율은 낮으나 질적으로 우수한 특허를 보유하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과로 볼 때 식품안전 분야의 현재 수준의 기술을 향상시키기 위해서 전문인력 양성을 위한 정책적 접근이 필요할 것으로 사료되며, 해당 분야의 논문 저술활동이 저조하므로 연구결과 확산활동에 노력이 필요하다고 판단된다. 전문가들의 추가 제언 내용으로는 식품분야 관련 연구자 및 종사자의 역량강화를 위한 제도 마련과 지속적인 교육을 통해 안전기술에 대한 이해도 증진이 지속적으로 필요하다는 것과 향후 연구 기획시 실수요자의 의견을 반영할 수 있는 상향식 연구지원 방식도 고려하는 것이 필요하다는 의견이 제시되었다. 또한, 식품 안전기술은 정부 주도의 투자 뿐만 아니라 산업계 및 연구계가 함께 발전시켜 나가야하는 분야로 민간 투자 활성화를 유도할 수 있는 제도마련도 필요하다는 의견이 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 도출된 결과를 바탕으로 평가대상 기술의 속성이나 특성을 고려하여실효성 있는 기술개발 및 진흥 관련 계획수립이 이뤄져야 할 것으로 생각되며, 이번 연구에서는 식품안전 분야의 식품과 영양 안전관리 15개 기술로 제한하였으나, 향후 에는 식품안전 분야 신기술 및 세부기술에 대한 기술수준 평가도 개별적으로 수행하는 것을 고려하여야 할 것이다.