• 제목/요약/키워드: food selection and storage

검색결과 49건 처리시간 0.024초

초.중학생을 위한 보건교육의 영역 및 주요개념 선정을 위한 일 연구 (A Study on the Selection of Health topic areas and major concepts for Health Education in Primary and Junior High Schools)

  • 이경자
    • 보건교육건강증진학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.10-26
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    • 1990
  • In Korean education, the health contents are scattered in various course subjects throughtout the primary and junior high school curriculum. So it is very difficult to provide systematic health education. The purpose of this study was to provide a guide for health education using health topic areas and major concepts that represent the scope of material that should be covered in health instruction. The steps used in selecting these health topic areas and major concepts were as follows: 1. A review of the literature related to health and health education was done to develop the rationale underlying this study. 2. Health topic areas basic to the growth and development characteristics of children, to human needs and to societal needs for healthful living were indentified. 3. The major concepts for each health topic area based on health sciences and children's growth and development levels were selected. 4. The major concepts selected were organized in sequence to guide health education from grade one to grade nine. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The identification of eleven health topic areas essential for health education. These include: personal habits and health healthy growth and development nutrition and health prevention of disease and disorders drugs and health mental health family life and health sex education accident prevention consumer health community health 2. The identification of the major concepts(generalizations) for each health topic area: 33 major concepts were identified as a guide in determining the health content of health education programs. These are 1) body cleaniness, 2) health of the sensory organs, 3) dental health, 4) exercise and rest, 5) growth and development, 6) body structure and function, 7) developmental tasks, 8) balanced nutrition, 9) eating habits, 10) food preparation and food storage, 11) sources of disease and disorders, 12) disease preventive behavior, 13) care during illness, 14) drug use and misuse, 15) drug addiction, 16) emotional responses, 17) human relationship, 18) self concept, 19) social adjustment, 20) health habits of the family, 21) interdependence of family members, 22) origin of life, 23) characteristics of man and woman, 24) sexual instinct, 25) safety behavior, 26) emergency measures, 27) criteria for selection of health products, 28) proper use of health information, 29) utilization of health and medical services, 30) environmental conservation, 31) environmental pollution, 32) population control, 33) function of public health services. 3. The organization of the concepts(generalizations) in sequence and for continuity in health instruction at the primary and junior high school level.

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콩의 7S α' - subunit 단백질의 유전 (Inheritance of 7S α' - subunit Protein in Soybean Seed)

  • 성미경;김경록;박정수;황교진;정종일
    • 농업생명과학연구
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    • 제43권5호
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    • pp.39-42
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    • 2009
  • 인간과 가축의 영양을 위한 식물성 단백질의 주요 공급원은 콩이며 콩 단백질은 영양 및 기능성면에서 우수하여 소비가 점차 증가하고 있다. 그러나 콩 단백질에는 알러지를 일으키고 영양가치를 떨어뜨리는 성분도 포함되어져 있다. 7S 및 11S 글로블린은 콩 저장단백질의 대부분을 차지하며 7S는 영양가치가 떨어지고 7S의 함량을 줄어든 콩 계통 육성에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 7S 성분중의 하나인 ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit의 유전양상을 파악하기 위하여 진품콩2호와 PI506876의 교배로부터 98개의 F2 종자가 얻어졌다. SDS-PAGE로 각각의 종자를 분석한 결과 ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit을 가진 종자가 70개였고 결핍된 종자가 28개였다. 이러한 유전양상은 단인자 유전원칙 (${\chi}^2=0.667$, P=0.414)과 일치하여 콩 종자에서 7S의 ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit 단백질은 한 개의 유전자에 의 해서 좌우되었다. 이 결과는 7S 단백질 함량이 줄어든 콩 계통 선발에 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

동결건조커피 제조에 적합한 유산균 균주 선발 (Selection of Lactic Acid Bacteria suitable for Manufacture of Freeze-dried Coffee)

  • 고봉수;임상호;한성희
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제29권6호
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    • pp.1023-1029
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    • 2016
  • 정장작용, 면역체계 조절, 알레르기 저감, 콜레스테롤 경감 등 여러 기능적 효능이 알려진 프로바이오틱스 건강기능 식품이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기능성 커피 상품개발을 위하여 커피 배합에 최적인 probiotic 균주를 선발하고자 하였다. 국내외 유통 중인 동결건조커피에서 분리한 균주 1종, 발효유스타터로 사용되는 균주 8종, Bifidobacterium 1종, Bacillus coagulans 1종으로 동결건조 후 생존율, 커피 음용 환경 생존율, 내산성 및 내담즙성을 측정하였다. Bacillus coagulans는 초기균수 $2.4{\times}10^7cfu/g$에서 동결건조 후에도 $2.0{\times}10^7cfu/g$으로 높은 생존율을 나타냈고, 커피의 음용 환경, 내산성, 내담즙성 테스트에서도 대조균인 Lactobacillus casei 균에 비하여 우수한 생존율을 나타냈다. 특히, 내산성 테스트에서는 pH 1, 120분 조건에서 Bacillus coagulans이 대조군에 비하여 3.8배 높은 생존율을 나타냈다. 이에 포자형성을 특징으로 하는 유산생성 Bacillus coagulans 균제제를 기능성 커피 배합 및 상품화에 적합한 probiotic 균주로 판단하였다.

어린잎 채소 다채의 포장방법이 품질에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Packaging Methods on Postharvest Quality of $Tah$ $Tasai$ Chinese Cabbage ($Brassica$ $campestris$ var. $narinosa$) Baby Leaf Vegetable)

  • 이정수;이윤석
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2012
  • 유통현장에서 다양한 포장형태로 이용되는 어린잎 채소의 포장 방법별 선도유지 효과를 구명하고자 하였다. 현장에서 이용되는 대표적인 소포장 형태별로 다채를 $16^{\circ}C$에 저장하면서 중량변화, 수분 함유량, 가스조성, 외관품위 등을 측정하였다. 포장형태에 따른 중량변화는 밀폐 정도가 큰 PET 용기 포장(밀폐형)과 OPP 무공필름 포장에서 적었으며, 외관의 변화 정도도 적어 비교적 높은 상품성을 유지한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 무공의 OPP 필름으로 저장한 경우 색상변화 정도가 커서, 포장 시 이에 대한 고려도 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 본 실험의 결과, 밀폐 정도가 크고, PET와 같은 경질 필름 형태로 저장하는 것이 상품성 유지에 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 포장 형태의 천공 정도가 큰 것은 상품성을 저하시키는 것으로 나타났다. 어린잎 채소의 포장 방법에 대한 연구는 많이 있으나 유통현장에서 활용이 많이 미흡한 실정으로 본 실험 결과를 통해 어린잎 채소를 효과적으로 상품성을 보존할 수 있는 방법 검토시 도움이 되리라 생각된다.

병원급식에 일반위생관리기준과 HACCP 제도 적용을 위한 시설모델 개발 (Development of a Hospital Foodservice Facility Plan and Model based on General Sanitation Standards and RACCP Guidelines)

  • 이정숙;곽동경;강영재
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.477-492
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    • 2003
  • The purposes of the study were to establish HACCP-based standards and guidelines for conducting a plan review to build, or renovate, hospital food service establishments, and ensure the safety of foodservice and reduce the risk of food borne illness. The scope of the study included suggestion for the planning of hospital foodservice facilities: layout, design, equipment and modeling. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) The development of a foodservice facility plan based on the results of a survey, literature reviews and the results of interviews with foodservice managers from 9 general hospitals. This was composed of operational policies in foodservices, layout characteristics, space allocation, selection, design, specification standards for equipment and the construction principles of foodservice facilities. 2) Two foodservice facility models were developed, one for general hospitals with 900 beds (2,000 patients and 2,500 employee meals per day) and the other for general hospitals with 300 beds (600 patients and 650 employees meals per day). 3) The suggested kitchen space requirements for the foodservice facility models were 341.2 ㎡ (W 17,100mm x L 23,700mm) and 998.8㎡ (W 35,600mm x L 32,800mm) for the 300 and 900 beds hospitals, respectively, with both designs being rectangular. The space requirements for the equipment, in relation to the total operational area, in terms of ratios were 1:3.5 and 1:3.8 for the 300 and 900 beds hospitals, respectively. The recommended space allowances per bed for the developed foodservice facility models were 1.15 ㎡ and 1.11 ㎡ for the 300 and 900 beds hospitals, respectively, which were increased by more than 30% compared to those suggested in the precedent study, and considered appropriate for the implementation of the HACCP system. 4) The hospital foodservice facilities plans and models were developed based on the general sanitation standards, guidelines and the HACCP system, and included foodservice facility layout, product flow, physical separation between contaminated and sanitary areas, foodservice facility specifications with a 1/300 scale for a 300 bed, and a 1/400 scale for a 900 beds blueprint. 5) The main features of the developed foodservice facility plans and models were; physical separation between contaminated and sanitary areas to prevent cross contamination, product flow in one direction from the arrival of the raw material to the finished product, and separation of different work areas and the process of receiving & preparation of products, refrigeration & storage, cooking, assembly, cleaning & disinfection, employee areas and janitorial facilities. The proposed models from this study were presented as examples for those wanting to build, or renovate, their facility for the production of foods.

식재료 아웃소싱이 경제적 주방에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 특1급호텔 양식조리를 중심으로 - (Study on economic effects of outsourcing of food materials on the hotel kitchen - Focus on cooking Western food in the first class hotel -)

  • 성태종
    • 한국관광식음료학회지:관광식음료경영연구
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.45-69
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    • 2002
  • This study is designed to examine feasibility and limitation of outsourcing in cooking Western food in a hotel, to interpret importance of outsourcing(eg. outside order, outside procurement, outside supply) in a broad sense in order to reinforce the core capacity in the cooking department, and to know whether the cooking human power is efficiently used and how much the chefs recognize outsourcing of food materials. As many companies conduct restructuring to cut down its size, the reduction of human power led the Western food cooking in the hotel to lower core capacities, lower quality, and lower efficiency. In addition, the sagging morale of chefs undermined creativity. To change from the traditional kitchen to an economic kitchen needs to look into importance of outsourcing, cognitive attitude of chefs, relation with outside suppliers. Here suggests performance of positive changes in the structure The study examined feasibility and limitation of outsourcing in the hotel kitchen as well as chefs' cognitive attitude toward outsourcing of food materials to reinforce core capabilities of the hotel kitchen. 1. Companies of outsourcing are selected according to variability of price conditions, flexibility of contract conditions, popularity of the outsourcing company, and reputation of the outsourcing company. 2. The importance of outsourcing in the Western food cooking is divided into 4 factors such as standard of selecting outsourcing companies, policies of cooking manu, quality of cooking, and quantity of cooking. 3. The most feasible section in outsourcing of food materials is a process of kneading flour for bread, which shows that many Western-food chefs expect to put higher possibility of outsourcing on the kneading. In other words, when it comes to confectionery and bakery, there are many outside expert processing companies supplying high quality products. In the order of outsourcing feasibility, sauce is followed by processed vegetable, garnish of main dish, and soup. The least feasible section in outsourcing of food materials is appetize. Appetize includes a concept of a improvised dish and needs speed. Due to its color, freshness, and sensibility of taste, the appetize plays a key role in the Western food cooking. 4. When outsourcing is taken in place, the highest risk is to lower the inner cooking skills. Therefore chefs in charge of the Western food sequently recognize both internal problems including storage of cooking skills, unstability of layoffs, and loss of cooperation between departments, and external problems including inferior goods, difficulty of differentiating manu, delay of delivery, and expiration date. It shows that most of the Western food chefs consider risks of the internal problems at first. 5. A effective outsourcing needs appropriate selection of outsourcing companies, maintenance of credibility, active communication, check and management of hygiene. However regardless of their position or career, chefs in charge of the Western food have the same cognitive attitude toward selecting successful outsourcing companies after the outsourcing system is enforced. The core of cooking, or a final stage in the full process of so-called artistic cooking, should be treated with insourcing. Reduction of several cooking processes resulted in shortened cooking time, increased efficiency, faster cooking, cutting the waiting-lines, and finally more room for customers. The outsourcing system can reduce or eliminate the following processes in cooking: buying various food materials, checking, storing, preparing, and processing. Especially in the Western food cooking department of a hotel, the outsourcing system should be enforced to make an economic kitchen and to efficiently manage it. Wow it's time to change from the traditional kitchen to an economic kitchen in the hotel cooking department. For that, the cooking department should become a small but strong organization by outsourcing except its core work.

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식초절임 무의 HACCP 시스템 적용을 위한 미생물학적 위해 분석 (Microbiological Hazard Analysis for HACCP System Application to Vinegared Pickle Radishes)

  • 권상철
    • 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.69-74
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 식초절임 무의 HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point)시스템 구축을 위하여 생물학적 위해요소분석을 위한 목적으로 2012년 2월 1일~6월 31일까지 약 150일 동안 수행하였다. 일반적인 식초절임 무 제조업체의 제조공정을 참고로 하여 공정도를 작성하였으며, 식초절임 무의 원료 농산물(무), 용수, 첨가물과 포장재료에 입고, 보관, 정선, 세척, 표피제거, 절단, 선별, 충진, 내포장, 금속검출, 외포장, 보관 및 출하공정에 대하여 작성하였다. 원료 무의 세척 전, 세척 후의 Coliform group, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Bacillus cereus, Listeria Monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7, Clostridium perfringens, Yeast 와 Mold를 측정한 결과 Bacillus cereus는 세척 전 $5.00{\times}10$ CFU/g이었으나, 세척 후 검출되지 않았으며, Yeast 와 Mold 는 세척 전 $3.80{\times}10^2$ CFU/g, 세척 후 10 CFU/g로 감소되었으며 나머지 병원성균은 검출되지 않았다. 조미액의 pH(2~5)별 미생물의 변화를 시험한 결과 모든 균이 검출되지 않은 pH 3~4를 조미액의 pH로 결정하였다. 작업장별 공중낙하균 (일반세균수, 대장균, 진균수) 시험결과 내포장실, 조미액가공실, 세척실, 보관실의 미생물수는 10 CFU/Plate, 2 CFU/Plate, 60 CFU/Plate 그리고 20 CFU/Plate 가 검출되었다. 종사자 손바닥 시험결과 일반세균수 346 $CFU/Cm^2$, 대장균군 23 $CFU/Cm^2$로 높게 나타나 개인위생관리에 대한 교육 및 훈련이 요구 되었다. 제조설비 및 기구의 표면오염도를 검사한 결과 모든 시료에서 대장균군은 검출되지 않았고, 일반세균은 PP Packing machin과 Siuping machine (PE Bulk)에서 가장 많은 $4.2{\times}10^3CFU/Cm^2$, $2.6{\times}10^3CFU/Cm^2$ 검출되었다. 위의 위해분석 결과 병원성미생물을 예방, 감소 또는 제거할 수 있는 조미액 가공 공정이 CCP-B (Biological)로 관리되어야 하고, 한계기준은 pH 3~4로 결정하였다. 따라서 전통한과생산에의 HACCP 모델 적용을 위한 미생물학적 위해도 평가에서와 같이 조미액 가공 공정의 관리기준 및 이탈시 조치방법, 검증방법, 교육 훈련과 기록관리 등 철저한 HACCP 관리계획이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

국산밀의 폴리페놀 산화 효소 활성과 국수 색과의 관계 (Relationship between Polyphenol Oxidase Activity and Color of White Salted Noodles Prepared from Korean Wheat Cultivar)

  • 강천식;김경훈;박종철;김경호;박광근;정영근;윤성중;박철수
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제43권5호
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    • pp.470-478
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    • 2011
  • 밀가루 및 국수 면대의 색깔 변화에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하여 소비자가 선호하는 밝은 색택의 밀가루 및 국수 제조에 적합한 품종의 육성에 유용한 간편 분석법을 확립하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 국산밀 25 품종을 이용하여 종실 및 밀가루 특성과 저장기간 동안 국수 면대의 밝기 변화를 조사하였다. 종실의 PPO 활성은 천립중이 낮을수록, 종실 회분과 단백질 함량이 낮을수록 낮은 경향을 나타내었다. 종실의 PPO 활성은 총 폴리페놀 함량($r=0.609^{**}$), 철 함량($r=0.655^{**}$) 과 정의 상관을 나타내었다. 단백질 함량, 총 폴리페놀 함량, 철 함량 및 밀가루 색 밝기 등의 특성이 종실의 PPO 활성과 관련이 있었으며, 종실의 PPO 활성이 높은 품종일수록 국수 면대의 저장 기간 중에 면대 색이 보다 빠르고 어둡게 변색되었다. 국수 면대 색이 밝은 국내 밀 품종 개발을 위해서는 평가 방법이 용이하고 밀가루 및 국수 색깔과 높은 상관이 있는 종실의 PPO 활성을 육종 초기 세대에 평가해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

유아교육 관련 학과 학생의 구강보건교육 필요도에 관한 연구 (Necessity of oral health education for students major in early childhood education)

  • 구효진;이명주
    • 대한치위생과학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.11-21
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    • 2018
  • This research is intended to develop oral health education program that can improve quality of oral health of infants by investigating the actual condition of oral health education provided to students major in early childhood education and contents and method of oral health education that they needed. A questionnaire survey was conducted for 427 students enrolled in related departments such as the Early Childhood Education Division and the Early Childhood Education Department at five universities in Gyeongsangnam-do. Questionnaires consisted of general characteristics, awareness of oral health, presence of experience in oral health education, necessity of oral health education, preference for oral health education method, oral health education contents. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS(Statistical Package for the Social Science) Ver 20.0. 1. Presence of experience in oral health education based on the general characteristics showed statistically significant differences only concerning the 'school system' and the 'school year' (p<0.05), and subjective awareness of oral health based on the presence of oral health education experiences showed statistically significant differences concerning the 'interest in oral health' and the 'importance of oral health' (p<0.05). 2. Necessity of oral health education based on the subjective awareness of oral health showed statistically significant differences concerning the 'interest in oral health' and the 'importance of oral health' (p<0.05). 3. Necessity of oral health education based on the preference for oral health education method showed statistically significant differences concerning the 'intention to participate in oral health education' and the 'oral health education cycle' (p<0.05). 4. The most necessary information for oral health education is proper toothbrushing method 4.24, cause of tooth decay and prevention method 4.13, helpful food and poor food for tooth 3.97, toothbrush selection and storage method 3.85. Fluoride application and fissure sealant were lowest 3.38. As a result of this research, necessity of oral health education was large regardless of general characteristics, experience in oral health education, subjective awareness of oral health, and preference for oral health education. Also the more the 'interest in oral health' in 'subjective awareness of oral health', the more the 'necessity of oral health education' and 'intention to participate in oral health education'. Therefore it is necessary to develop systematic and repetitive oral health education for students major in early childhood education.

콩나물에서 발견된 유전자 변형 도입 유전자의 비의도적 혼입 조사 (Detection of Genetically Modified Genes from Soybean Sprout Products)

  • 윤성철
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제49권3호
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    • pp.227-231
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    • 2004
  • 최근 급격히 증가되는 유전자 변형 식품의 안정성 논란과 관련하여 콩나물 및 콩나물 원료에 사용되는 국산 및 수입산 콩에 대한 유전자 변형 유전자의 정량 검사를 실시하고, 미량이나마 함유된 변형 유전자의 도입과정에 관한 연구를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 1.콩나물의 유전자 변형 농산물 검사는 2000년과 2001년에 원료콩 96건, 완제품 123건 등 총 219차례 실시하였다. 2. 원료콩에서는 단 한 건의 양성반응도 없었던 반면, 완제품에서는 2000년에 3건, 2001년에 8건에서 0.01-0.17%의 함량으로 CP4EPSPS 또는 35S promoter도입유전자가 검출되었으며 이는 법적 기준치인 3%보다 훨씬 낮은 비의도적 혼입이었다. 3. 외래유전자가 검출된 11건의 완제품은 국산콩으로 만든 7개 제품과 중국산 수입콩으로 만든 4개 제품이었다. 4. 이들 도입 유전자의 원료콩 및 제조과정 중 유입 경로를 확인하기 위하여 다양한 시료를 검사하였다. 샘플은 양성반응제품 원료콩 전수검사, 원료콩 표면, 저장고 바닥 및 정선기 주변, 그리고 콩나물 제품 포장 필름 표면 및 포장지 원료로 사용되는 옥수수 타분의 유전자 변형 여부를 정량검사하였다. 이들 중 두 개의 옥수수 타분 시료에서만 0.1%의 35S promoter 유전자가 검출되었다. 5. 콩나물 포장 공정 중 옥수수 타분을 사용하는 포장지에서 유래되는 변형 유전자 오염을 제시하였다. 향후, 콩나물 변형 유전자 검사시 용수, 필름 표면 등 제품주변에 존재하는 도입 유전자의 정량분석 방법 구축과 원료콩 샘플 방법 및 샘플량의 표준화가 시급히 필요하다.