• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.58-67
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• 2007

For the rapidly growing elderly population, the achievement and maintenance of good nutritional status is critical to health, functioning and quality of life. Elderly women living alone have been identified as a group associated with poor nutrition. The purpose of this study was to assess dietary intakes of elderly women living alone as compared to those of elderly women living with family in a rural area and to examine seasonal variation. The subjects are 49 elderly women living alone and 41 elderly women living with family who reside in Goryeong-gun, Gyeongbuk, and their food intakes were assessed once each time in summer 2005, winter 2005-2006, and spring 2006. The average ages were 74.7 years for living alone and 72.8 years for living with family. Education level was not different between the two groups. Height, weight, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and fasting blood glucose were not significantly different between the two groups. Average intakes of major nutrients, nutrient adequacy ratio, mean adequacy ratio and index of nutritional quality were lower in the elderly women living alone compared with the elderly women living with family in summer, but the differences in intakes of most nutrients became insignificant both in winter and in spring. High carbohydrate and low fat diet was prevalent and intakes of carbohydrate and fat in summer deviated from macronutrient acceptable distribution ranges. Percentages of the subjects who consumed energy less than 75% of the estimated energy requirement and nutrients less than the estimated average requirement were higher than those reported by the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. In summer, the percentage of the subjects who consumed energy less than both 75% of the estimated energy requirement and 4 nutrients less than estimated average requirements was 58.5% of the elderly women living alone, which was higher than 26.5% of the elderly women living with family and that of National Nutrition Survey. Therefore, nutrition policies including nutrition education and support are necessary to improve nutritional status of elderly, especially elderly women living alone and should reflect regional and seasonal characteristics.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.142-156
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• 2012

This study examined the food culture of Koreans aged over 80-years-old living in the areas of Goorye and Gokseong. The research method was based on examination of individual cases through in-depth interviews. The total number of survey subjects was 38; males constituted 34 percent of the subjects while females constituted 66 percent of the subjects. Average age of male subjects was 85.3 years while average age of females was 84.8 years. The results were summarized in the following properties of the typical and traditional Korean table, which was the most common food life's property in the longevity area of was centered around rice, watery soup, vegetables, and fish. The first, as the supply step's property of food ingredients, various spices and ingredients such as piperitum, tumeric, ginger, garlic, chili pepper, and salted fish were used. Senior persons also supplied fresh vegetables at the kitchen garden, and they led a nature-friendly food life. The second, as the production of food and cooking of food step's property, there were multigrain rice and fermented foods such as soybean paste, kimchi, red pepper paste, salted fish, vegetables picked in soy sauce, etc. The recipe was cookery intermediated with water, soup, steamed vegetables, seasonings, etc., and it was characterized by a deep and rich taste due to the various spices and rich ingredients. The third, as the consumption of food step's property, senior persons regularly ate a balanced diet three times a day. They also had active personal relationships with their neighbors by sharing food, which increased their sense of belonging and improved their life satisfaction.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2015

A food allergy is described an adverse immunological reaction to a food item. It is increasingly common problem among infants, children, teenagers, and adults worldwide. This study examines food allergy knowledge, attitudes, practices, and health consciousness among college students studying food and nutrition and childhood education. A total of 235 food and nutrition and childhood education college students participated in the survey. According to the results, 41.3% of the respondents were aware of legal obligations associated labeling food items for food allergy; 14.0% were diagnosed with food allergy by their doctor; and 10.2% knew about food allergy symptoms. Food and nutrition students were more knowledgeable than childhood education students. The mean for food allergy attitudes was 4.22, and the score for food and nutrition students was higher than that for childhood education students. The mean for food allergy behaviors was 2.16, and the score of food and nutrition students was higher than that of childhood education students. The importance of food allergens was significantly higher than performance. These results suggest that, to improve the management of food allergies in foodservice operations, education programs regarding food allergies should be provided food and nutrition and childhood education students.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.83-95
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• 1997

Cooking food is very important in Chinese medicine when we regard the food to be the principal origin of the nutrition of human body and the condition required to maitain the activities of the life of human body. Chinese medicine has accumulated the diverse and rich experience of cooking food through long clinical experience as well as made an important contribution to the healthy and long life through the unique theory of cooking food. Chineses medicine has deep view on the relations between food cooking and healthy and long life as well as presented the principle of cooking food created unique ways of food cooking such as food treatment. As the above, from the ancient times, Chinese medicine established Chinese medical science of nutrition under the consciousness of the theory that food and medicine have the same origin and practiced the methods of promoting the health through rightly selecting the foods. Therefore it has been thought that human beings can enjoy healthy life by rich supply of the nutrition. Comfortable ways of sleeping requie the emotion and peace with temperation in pleasure and anger, and also we should be temporate in eating, acting, sleeping posture and be flee from the wind, and we should not put on a quilt when sleep, and we should sleep alone and be careful about sexual life. The concrete measures for sexual intercourse are that: 1) we should marry at the right age not to be married at early age. 2) we should obey nature and not live unmarried life. 3) we should be temperate in having sexual intercoure and in excessive sexual desire. Regarding the residence and clothes: the residence environment should be calm and beautiful and the room for the residence should be well designed to be clean and sanitary and we should wear suitable clothes. All living creatures are living according to the rhythm of the living body and the change of the great nature. The Reason why the living things show the periodical rhythm is not that it is the truth of the great nature, but that the living life itself shall be ceased to be existed in case of running counter to such rhythm. There are 2 specially important things: one is about food in biological view and the other is the residence in social side. By starting from the theory that food and medicine have the same origin and root, we should rightly select the foods to promote the health at the maximum, and it is very important for human to be well obeying the environment and temperate in the life of residence and mind (Choi, Sam Byun, Shon, Sook Young, 1997). As the above, the cook in Chinese medicine suggests us the suitable ways of achieving the goal of nursing. Therefore the continuous study of this field is necessary based on this my study though it is unsatisfactory at this time but it would be the basic materals in establishing the nursing science of Chinese medicine.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.199-215
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• 1998

The purposes of the study were to investingate selected living conditions of the elderly I Inchon and to examine if they can be disaggregated according to their socio-demographic characteristics in terms of living conditions. Four living areas were examined in the study : health and food habit, housing, economic status, and family relationships. Data were collected by questionaires. The sample consisted of 202 elderly. It was found in general that the living conditions were relatively poor for the elderly who were female, older and less educated, and had higher household income and no spouse.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2010

This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of Euphorbia humifusa ethanol-extract against food-borne pathogens. The growth inhibitory effects of the extract at a concentration of 250, 500, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/L on food poisoning microorganism were determined against Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus. The microorganisms growth was not affected by the extract at the concentration up to 250 mg/L, but was significantly (p<0.05) inhibited by the extract at a concentration higher than 1,000 mg/L. The extract of Euphorbia humifusa had strong antimicrobial activity against all test strains at a concentration of 2,000 mg/L. The results in the present study demonstrate antimicrobial effects of Euphorbia humifusa ethanol-extract against food-borne pathogens, suggesting that Euphorbia humifusa could be an effective natural antibacterial agent in food.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.52-62
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• 1997

This study was intended to examine the zinc status of free-living adult women living in the Taegu region. Zine intake of 102 female subjects was measured by food frequency method for 3 consecutive days. Urinary zine was assessed from urine samples collected fir twenty four hours. Average dietary zinc intake of adult female subjects using food record was 5.9$\pm$1.8mg which was 49$\%$of Korean RDA. When zine intake by frequency method was higher than by food record. Average urinary zine intake by frequency method was higher than that by food record. Thus, it appeared that zinc intake by frequency method was higher than that by food record. Average urinary zinc excretion of 102 adult female subjects was 0.28$\pm$0.16mg, which belonged to marginal zinc deficiency range. Fifty nine of 102 subjects showed marginal zinc deficiency as assessed by urinary zinc excretion. If we compare the zinc status of adult female subjects by age group, zinc intake in the 50s was significantly higher than any other age groups. However, there were no significant differences in zinc status according to BMI groups and BMI groups. Significant correlations were found between zinc intake and energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat intake. Based on dietary zinc intake and urinary zinc, we concluded that zinc status of adult female living in the Taegu region is marginally deficient.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.271-287
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• 1999

A change in distribution structure affect a consumption structure which may result in considerable changes in lifestyle including food purchase. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of change of distribution structure on the indigenous fermented food purchase. The informations of this study were obtained from 407 housewives residing in Seoul and the capital area by using questionnaire during May to June, 1997 Their data were statistically analyzed based on frequency, mean, and $X^2-test$. The results were as follows; 1) The percentages of subjects buying ready made fermented food were 69.8% for Jotkals(salt-fermented fish products), 22.3% for Kochujang(fermented red pepper soybean paste), 21.6% for Janachis(pickled basic side dishes), 21% for Kanjang(Korean style soybean sauce), 17.1% for Toenjang(Korean style soybean paste), and 3% for Kimchi(seasoned and fermented vegetables). 2) With decreasing age, preparation ability of Kanjang, Janachis, and Kimchi. The subjects living close to the new distribution channel were higher in ready made fermented food than the others. 3) Compared to the subject living far from the new distribution channel, the subject living close to the new distribution channel was high in frequency of new distribution channel utilization for indigenous fermented food purchase but low in frequency of conventional market utilization. The younger in age, higher in educational level, and nuclear family, the higher the utilization of new distribution channel for indigenous fermented food purchase.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.536-549
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate food intake, dietary diversity and dietary pattern during the summer in middle aged and older adults living in Gugoksundam (Gurye, Goksung, Sunchang and Damyang counties), Jeonla Province located in southern part of Korea and known as one of the representative Korean longevity areas. Food intake and dietary diversity were assessed by using the data from 2 day-24 hour recall of 1,051 subjects (394 males and 711 females) aged 45 years and older (45-93 years in male, 45-105 years in female). The average ages of males and females were 70.7 years and 71.1 years, respectively. Average total daily food intake was significantly decreased with aging in both genders, and the average animal food intake ratio to total food intake was ranged 10~14% in 3 different age groups, 45~64 years, 65~74 years and 75 years and older. The contribution of each food group, in weight, to total food intake showed the descending order of grains, fruits, vegetables and alcohols in males, and grains, fruits, potatoes and meats in females. On daily intake amount of each food item, rice, watermelon, soju, kimchi, and potato were ranked on top 5 in descending order in males, and rice, watermelon, potato, kimchi and ylmukimchi in females. On intake frequency, rice, kimchi, onion, green pepper and potato were ranked on top 5 in descending order in both genders. Dietary variety score (DVS) and dietary diversity score (DDS) for the assessment of dietary diversity and balance were significantly decreased with aging in both genders. In food group intake pattern (DMGFV), 01101 type without consumption of dairy and fruits was the most prevalent, and only 3.6% of male and 3.9% of female subjects showed 11111 type, consumed all the 5 food groups a day. Dietary pattern of subjects was analyzed by cluster analysis with 18 food groups intake. Overall dietary pattern was classified into two clusters, one was more desirable and the other was less desirable. The percentage of subjects with more desirable dietary pattern was about 15% in male and 32% in female. In conclusion, most of our subjects living in Gugoksundam area were taking very simple diet with low amount of dairy products and fruits. These results indicate that nutrition intervention and education for older people living in rural areas should be focused on various food intake including dairy products and fruits.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.934-941
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the effect of family type on the nutrient intake and nutritional status in elderly women. Blood samples and anthropometric data of elderly women aged from 60 to 78 years were collected in 1996, who visited a health examination center in Seoul to screen their health status. They were divided into two groups by their family type, one was extended family(extended family elderly, n=37) and the other was independently living(independently living, n=29). Nutrients intake was measured by interview using a simplified questionaire. Albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride(TG), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit, Ca, Mg, and alkaline phosphatase activity of serum were analyzed. Intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate, Fe, vitamin A, niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin C were not different between the two groups. However, fat and Ca intakes were higher(p<0.05) in extended family elderly than indepen dently living elderly. There are no significant difference in hematocrit value and serum concentrations of Hb, TG, and Ca. Serum Mg and cholesterol levels tended to be higher in extended family elderly. However, serum albumin level was lower(p<0.05) in extended family elderly. These results show that the indepen dently living elderly women had intakes of daily energy, fat and Ca compared to the extended family elderly. Therefore, the nutritional education for the independently living elderly will be focused on the health risk resulted from less intakes of Ca and total energy.