• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-46
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• 2014

Since organized living cooperative associations sold their environment-friendly agricultural products directly to independent consumers in the past, the general distribution channels such as wholesalers had difficulty in handling these products. However, the ratio of distribution via wholesale channel has been gradually increased as consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products has expanded. This study is to address vitalization of wholesale distribution for environment-friendly agricultural products by gathering previous statistical data and analysis. In addition, statistical analysis are conducted by utilizing surveys on forwarders, consumers for environment-friendly agricultural products. As a result, the products producers ship are distributed through dealers at producers sites, producers cooperatives, or food process companies, food companies, internet shopping malls, large-scale distribution companies, consumer groups such as living cooperative associations, direct outlets at consumers sites, or exports. Among the channels, the large-scale distribution companies and franchised special shops account for 47%, the general supermarkets 15.7%, and living cooperative associations 14.6% respectively. By utilizing the research results on producers and consumers, and the distribution weight by channels for environment-friendly agricultural products, the distribution channels for living cooperative associations, wholesale markets, and large scale distribution companies are compared and evaluated. As a result, the level of producers' and consumers' satisfaction for them is the lowest since the low selling price for producers and high distribution margins.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.447-459
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• 2015

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the improvement of teachers' sanitation performance and food distribution environment at Centers for children's food service management after a sanitation education program. Methods: The subjects were 119 teachers working at child care centers registered in the Daejeon Center for Children's Foodservice Management in Dongu and Jung-gu, Daejeon. The sanitation education was provided three times from March to August in 2014, and the survey questionnaires were distributed before and after the education. The sanitation status of food service environment of the centers was examined by ATP(adenosine-5'-triphosphate) bioluminescence. Results: After the sanitation education, the teachers showed higher levels of sanitation knowledge. Also, sanitation performance and recognition level of the importance of it significantly improved after the education program. The mean variation scores of importance and performance after the education were 0.14 and 0.23. According to the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) results of 26 sanitation attributes about the food service environment, the selection attributes with relatively low performance and importance were mostly distributed in the children's and distributer's personal hygiene management area. However, all attributes except using a personal water bottle and cup were moved to high performance and importance level. Also, the ATP examination results showed that the sanitation status of the food service environment was improved after the education program. Conclusions: The sanitation education program was effective in improving the recognition of the importance of sanitation and its performance with regard to food service management.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.295-299
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to compare student's satisfaction with school food service environment to improve the quality of middle school meal service. A survey was conducted of 680 students (boys 246, girls 433) from 6 middle schools providing school meals from October to November 2007. The questionnaires were directly distributed to the subjects for comparison of satisfaction of school meals depending on the eating place. As for the quantity of food, classroom group (3.40) expressed significantly higher satisfaction than cafeteria group (3.16, P < 0.01), but as for the satisfaction on hygiene, classroom group (2.76) showed significantly lower satisfaction than cafeteria group (3.03, P < 0.01). About the satisfaction of school meal environment, classroom group showed more satisfaction on distribution time, eating place, eating atmosphere (P < 0.001). The classroom group showed higher satisfaction than cafeteria group in cases of quantity, diversity of types of soup, dessert, and the cost of school meal. To improve eating place and hygiene of school meal, sufficient cafeteria space and pleasant environment is needed to be established.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2024

This paper proposes PredFeed Net, a neural network model that mimics the food distribution of fish farming experts. Unlike existing food distribution automation systems, PredFeed Net predicts food distribution by learning the food distribution patterns of experts. This has the advantage of being able to learn using only existing environmental data and food distribution records from food distribution experts, without the need to experiment by changing food distribution variables according to the environment in an actual aquarium. After completing training, PredFeed Net predicts the next food ration based on the current environment or fish condition. Prediction of feed ration is a necessary element for automating feed ration, and feed ration automation contributes to the development of modern fish farming such as smart aquaculture and aquaponics systems.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.53-65
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of gamma - irradiation on the effluent from food distribution in the large agricultural and marine products market. This study will contribute to the distribution process as well as the agricultural and fishery distribution facilities. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to reduce the odor, the smell was examined in the anaerobic digestion process by irradiating gamma rays to the wastewater of mixed food discharged from a large restaurant. An odor determination panel list was constructed to determine if the odor was present in the air dilution drainage and the odor concentration was analyzed by instrumental analysis. Results - It was confirmed that the sulfur content increased gradually from 3 months. Ammonia decreased from 33.57ppm at the initial measurement to 4.12 ppm at the end of the experiment. Methane production was highest at 100kGy when exposed to gamma rays of 0-200kGy at pH 12. In other words, it is considered that gamma irradiation doses are most effective at 100kGy and are suitable for large capacity wastewater treatment facilities in terms of economic feasibility. Conclusions - In pre-treatment of compound food wastewater, gamma irradiation is most cost effective when examined at 100kGy. The economic efficiency of the pre-treatment method by gamma irradiation is much higher than the wastewater treatment in the large-scale agricultural and marine products distribution market.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2003

Dietitians' satisfaction between elementary school and high school in KangWon Do region were surveys with questionnaires. 61 elementary school dietitians and 30 high school dietitians participated. The dietitians in elementary schools had higher scores in age, marital status, years at work, types of employment, average annual income and had lesser hours of work. In overall, elementary schools had higher percentage on self operation and on the period of their food distribution to students. High schools had higher percentage on conventional systems, freedom in the amount of food distribution, number of meals per day and the meal charge. It was clear that dietitians in high schools showed more interests in changing their careers due to the poor working environment and salary. The highest score was on the relationship with other coworkers and the lowest score was on the poor working environment and salary. In general, dietitians in both types of schools are not satisfied with their career, especially with the working environment and salary.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2022

The food cold chain refers to a technology and distribution supply chain applied to maintain a constant temperature suitable for the product from production (harvest) to delivery to consumers. In particular, in Korea, the insulation material used in the food cold chain is mostly EPS (Expanded Polystyrene), which is used as a transport container for various food cold chains. However, according to the government's eco-friendly policy, companies charge environmental contributions to the use of EPS, but due to its low price and convenience of handling, it is still used as a container for delivering food. In this study, in order to measure the domestic delivery environment of general refrigerated foods, changes in impact, temperature, and humidity during transport of the EPS packaging system containing foods and ice pack refrigerants were measured. As a result, there were 2?3 sections in which a high impact force of 40 G or more was generated during transport. This can cause damage to the product and EPS container. The difference in temperature and humidity changes by parcel transport routes is more than 30%, so it is necessary to present accurate standards for the domestic cold chain distribution environment. As a result of microbial experiments. the transportation period had a dominant effect on the increase in total viable count and E. coli count.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.65-77
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to identify factors affecting the adoption of e-commerce by household businesses in Vietnam's food and beverage industry. Research design, data and methodology: The integrated TAM and TOE frameworks and ten hypotheses were developed to test the relationship between relevant factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect valid data from 992 respondents who run F&B household businesses in Vietnam. Results: The empirical research results confirm all proposed hypotheses that e-commerce adoption is affected by the perceived usefulness, the perceived ease of use, vendor support partners, social expectancy, competitive pressure, subjective norm, and household resources. Meanwhile, technical readiness, environment readiness, and organization readiness are intermediate variables that influence the implementation of e-commerce in food and beverage distribution. Conclusions: The findings suggest effective orientations to foster the food and beverage e-trading practice for household businesses in developing countries. Accordingly, to encourage private household businesses to adopt e-commerce, it is necessary to focus on improving business resources, technology readiness, environment readiness, and organization readiness through raising awareness of usefulness, benefits, perceived ease of use, and increased support of vendor partners. Future research can focus on improving the efficiency of e-commerce applications in F&B distribution for both household businesses and larger-scale enterprises.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.475-483
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure accessibility and to examine distribution of restaurants in the local community. Methods: The target area of this study was two urban areas and a rural area in a city. We collected location information on all restaurants in target areas and classified all restaurants according to Korean food restaurants and Non-Korean food restaurants. We measured restaurant density per 100 m from the residences of the study population and calculated the distance of the nearest restaurant from the residences of the subjects using the Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis method. We compared the accessibility and distribution of restaurants in urban areas with that of the rural area, and compared the accessibility and distribution of Korean restaurants with that of Non-Korean restaurants. Results: Restaurants in urban areas were more dense than those in the rural area, and, in urban areas, restaurants were intensively distributed around the subjects' residence. Also, there were more Non-Korean food restaurants than Korean food restaurants in urban areas, and it was opposite in the rural area. Conclusion: It is important that we understood the current state of the restaurant environment in the local community using GIS analysis for the first time in the field of food environment. Further research is necessary on the association of restaurant environments and the dietary life of the population.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.327-345
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• 2009

Environment-friendly agricultural products market has been experiencing various change through the quantitative growth in Korea. The food safety is considered seriously and the interest of the consumer is increasing about environment-friendly agricultural products and organic agricultural products. Environment-friendly agricultural products is encouraged in the link of the counter-measure which follows in the market opening. This research aims at making shorter the distance between the productive person and the consumer and to improve the income for organic farm and the price competitiveness for Environment-friendly agricultural products through the present condition analysis for organic produce's production, distribution and consumption market. To solve the problems above, the development of strategies for the establishment of distribution system for the organic produce's stable supply and the improvement of price competitiveness, the establishment of the cooperating system on the produce's demand and supply, the improvement of consumer's reliability by reinforcement with connectivity and transparency of the process, and the vitalization of regional economy and the exchange of rural and city area are needed.