• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2023

Background: With advances in safety measures for anesthesia, conscious sedation has gained popularity in the field of dentistry and has become essential in dental practice worldwide. However, in Tanzania, intravenous (IV) sedation is rarely practiced in the dental field. Therefore, we report the establishment of sustainable IV conscious sedation in dental practices and subsequently train local OMS residents in Tanzania. Methods: In 2019, intravenous conscious sedation was initiated at the University Dental Clinic of the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science (MUHAS), Tanzania. During the preparatory phase of the program, local oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMSs) were given a series of lecture notes that concentrated on different aspects of IV conscious sedation in dentistry. During the on-site training phase, an oral surgeon from the United States joined the OMSs for case selection, IV-conscious sedation procedures, and patient follow-up. Patients were recruited from existing patient records at the MUHAS Dental Clinic. Results: The first conscious IV sedation program in dentistry was successfully launched at the University Dental Clinic in Tanzania. The local team of OMSs was trained on the safe administration of sedative agents (midazolam or ketamine) to perform various minor surgical procedures in a dental office. Nine patients with different ages, body masses, and medical conditions benefited from the training. No complications were associated with IV conscious sedation in the dental office. Conclusion: This was the first successful "hands-on" training on IV conscious sedation provided to OMSs in Tanzania. It laid the foundation for the sustainable care of patients with special needs requiring oral health-related care in the country.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.71-86
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a scale to measure the ethical awareness of users who accept artificial intelligence technology or service. To this end, the constructs and properties of AI ethics were identified through literature analysis on AI ethics. Reliability and validity were assessed through a preliminary survey(N=273), after conducting an open-type survey to men and women(N=133) in 10s to 70s nationwide, extracting the first questions, and reviewing them by experts. The results of an online survey conducted on men and women(N=500) were refined by confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, an AI technology ethics scale was developed. The AI technology ethics awareness scale was developed with 16 questions in total of 4 factors (transparency, safety, fairness, accountability) so that general awareness of ethics related to AI technology can be measured by detailed factors. In addition, through follow-up research, it will be possible to reveal the relationship with measurement variables in various fields by using the ethical awareness scale of artificial intelligence technology.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2023

Background: This study investigated the relationship between trauma exposure and suicidal ideation. Moreover, this study examines the moderating roles of organizational climate on the association between trauma exposure and suicidal ideation in Korean male firefighters. Methods: A total of 15,104 male firefighters who completed a questionnaire were analyzed. The data were obtained using an online self-administered questionnaire from the Firefighter Research on Enhancement of Safety and Health Study. Poisson regression analysis was performed to determine the effects of trauma exposure on suicidal ideation and the moderating effect of organizational climate. Results: The results showed that 389 firefighters (2.6%) responded that they had experienced suicidal ideation. In the final model, trauma exposure was positively related to suicidal ideation (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 1.076; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.051-1.103), and organizational climate was negatively associated with suicidal ideation (aRR, 0.772; 95% CI: 0.739-0.806). Additionally, the interaction term (trauma exposure × organizational climate) was related to suicidal ideation (aRR, 1.016; 95% CI: 1.009-1.023). Conclusions: This study suggests that trauma exposure might play a significant role in developing suicidal ideation and that positive organizational climate moderates the negative effects of trauma exposure on suicidal ideation among firefighters. It is necessary to perform a follow-up study of various intervention strategies to maintain a healthy organizational climate or work environment. Such interventions should promote lasting trust within teams, provide social support and belonging, and nurture job value.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.251-256
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out how much research has been done on dream analysis based on S.Freud's psychoanalytic theory, and to suggest the necessity of dream research and follow-up research on dream research. The research method was based on analysis of domestic academic journals from 2019 to 2023, a study on S.Freud's dream analysis. Among them, the data were collected and organized through a keyword classification process from the Research Information Service (RISS) and the Korean Journal Citation Index (KCI). The classification categories were psychoanalysis, domestic academic journals, dream analysis, dream interpretation, dream analysis research trends, and dream research trends. In particular, psychoanalysis, dream analysis, domestic academic journals, and research trends were searched. The conclusion was drawn as follows. First, studies on research trends on dream analysis in domestic academic journals did not occupy a large proportion. Second, the ratio of research trends centered on dream analysis keywords was also significantly low. Third, the use and frequency of dream analysis was low. Fourth, research on Korean testing tools based on dream analysis is needed.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.16 no.1_spc
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• pp.65-70
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• 2024

As the interest in AI education grows, researchers have made efforts to implement AI education programs. However, research targeting pre-service teachers has been limited thus far. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop an AI literacy education program for preservice secondary teachers. The research results revealed that the weekly topics included the definition and applications of AI, analysis of intelligent agents, the importance of data, understanding machine learning, hands-on exercises on prediction and classification, hands-on exercises on clustering and classification, hands-on exercises on unstructured data, understanding deep learning, application of deep learning algorithms, fairness, transparency, accountability, safety, and social integration. Through this research, it is hoped that AI literacy education programs for preservice teachers will be expanded. In the future, it is anticipated that follow-up studies will be conducted to implement relevant education in teacher training institutions and analyze its effectiveness.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.242-253
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• 2023

Background: Arrhythmia due to QT prolongation is one of the most serious adverse events with drug interactions in the elderly. This study aimed to examine the incidence of arrhythmia in Korean elderly patients who administered both cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrates and inhibitors. Methods: Patients using CYP3A4 substrate and inhibitor were selected from the 2017 elderly patient dataset (the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service - Aged Population Sample). Selection criteria were patients with a medication possession ratio over 80%, medication duration of at least 7 days, and a follow-up period of 3 months or more. The patient's basic information is age, gender, health insurance type, and comorbidities. The top 50 drug pairs and comorbidity with high-incidence arrhythmia were presented. Results: In patients with drug combinations for over 7 days, there were 981 incidences of arrhythmia, and 351 incidences in those with combinations for over 30 days. The comorbidities of congestive heart failure and myocardial infarction had a significant association with incidence of arrhythmia. Among patients with 7 days or longer, the drug pairs [substrates-inhibitors] with significant adjusted odds ratio (aOR) were [propranolol-cimetidine] (aOR, 2.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.66-3.04). Among patients with 30 days or longer, the drug pairs with significant aOR were [tramadol-amiodarone] (aOR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.97-4.19). Conclusions: In elderly patients, the incidence of arrhythmia was high with drug interactions of CYP3A4 substrates and inhibitors. The comorbidity of congestive heart failure was the risk factor.

• Journal of Rhinology
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.292-300
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• 2021

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and chronic otitis media (COM) share pathophysiological mechanisms such as bacterial infection, biofilm, and persistence of the obstruction state of ventilation routes. However, only a few studies have investigated the relationship between these two diseases nationwide and in the general population. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the incidence of COM in patients with CRS differed from that of a matched control from the national health screening cohort. Methods: Data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Samples were collected from 2002 to 2015. Participants who were treated ≥2 times and underwent head and neck computed tomography evaluation were selected. A 1:4 matched CRS group (n=8,057) and a control group (n=32,228) were selected. The control group included participants who were never treated with the ICD-10 code J32 from 2002 to 2015. The CRS group included CRS patients with/without nasal polyps. Results: The incidence of COM was significantly higher in the CRS group than in the control group. In a subgroup analysis, the incidence of COM in all age groups and in men and women was significantly higher in the CRS group than in the control group. More, CRS increased the risk of COM. Conclusions: A significant association was observed between CRS and COM. This indicates that CRS patients have a high risk of developing COM.

• Journal of Web Engineering
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• v.14 no.22
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• pp.4885-4900
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• 2022

A high rate of Meniere's disease (MD) in patients with osteoporosis has been suggested. This research intended to estimate the bidirectional association of MD with osteoporosis. The ≥40-year-old population in the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort 2002-2019 was examined. In study I, 9529 patients with MD and 38,116 control I participants were analyzed for a previous history of osteoporosis. In study II, 65,858 patients with osteoporosis and 65,858 control II participants were analyzed for a previous history of MD. Stratified Cox proportional hazard models were applied to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MD for osteoporosis in study I and of osteoporosis for MD in study II. The rate of a prior history of osteoporosis was 13.3% for the MD group and 11.3% for the control I group. The patients with MD had a 1.12 times higher HR for previous osteoporosis (95% CI = 1.04-1.20). In study II, the rate or a prior history of MD was 3.7% for patients with osteoporosis and 2.0% for the control II group. The patients with osteoporosis had a 1.50 times higher HR for previous MD (95% CI = 1.40-1.61). Most subgroups according to age, sex, and comorbid conditions demonstrated consistent bidirectional associations between MD and osteoporosis. Adult patients with MD had a greater risk of osteoporosis. In addition, adult patients with osteoporosis also showed a higher risk of MD.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 2011

The Sensor technology and portable device capability able to collect recent user information and the information about the surrounding environment haven been highly developed. A user can be made use of various contents and the option is also extending with this technology development. In particular, the initial portable device had simply a call function, but now that has evolved into 'the 4th screen' which including movie, television, PC ability. also, in the past, a portable device to provided only the services of a SMS, in recent years, it provided to interactive video service, and it include technology which providing various contents. Also, it is rising as media which leading the consumption of contents, because it can be used anytime, anywhere. However, the contents available for the nature of user's handheld devices are limited. because it is very difficult for making the contents separately according to various device specification. To find a solution to this problem, the study on one contents from several device has been progressing. The contents conversion technology making use of the profile of device out of this study comes to the force and profile study has been progressing for this. Furthermore, Demand for a user is also increased and the study on the technology collecting, analyzing demands has been making active progress. And what is more, Grasping user's demands by making use of this technology and the study on the technology analyzing, providing contents has been making active progress as well. First of all, there is a method making good use of ZigBee, Bluetooth technology about the sensor for gathering user's information. ZigBee uses low-power digital radio for wireless headphone, wireless communication network, and being utilized for smart energy, automatic home system, wireless communication application and wireless sensor application. Bluetooth, as industry standards of PAN(Personal Area Networks), is being made of use of low power wireless device for the technology supporting data transmission such as drawing file, video file among Bluetooth device. With analyzing the collected information making use of this technology, it utilizes personalized service based on network knowledge developed by ETRI to service contents tailor-made for a user. Now that personalized service builds up network knowledge about user's various environments, the technology provides context friendly service constructed dynamically on the basis of this. The contents to service dynamically like this offer the contents that it converses with utilizing device profile to working well. Therefore, this paper suggests the system as follow. It collects the information, for example of user's sensitivity, context and location by using sensor technology, and generates the profile as a means of collected information as sensor. It collects the user's propensity to the information by user's input and event and generates profile in the same way besides the gathered information by sensor. Device transmits a generated profile and the profile about a device specification to proxy server. And proxy server transmits a profile to each profile management server. It analyzes profile in proxy server so that it selects the contents user demand and requests in contents server. Contents server receives a profile of user portable device from device profile server and converses the contents by using this. Original source code of contents convert into XML code using the device profile and XML code convert into source code available in user portable device. Thus, contents conversion process is terminated and user friendly system is completed as the user transmits optimal contents for user portable device.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.143-173
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• 2006

This study is about the verification of the effectiveness of 'Resilient Parenting Program' based on Walsh's family resilience approach. The program was developed for strengthening parenting self-efficacy and increasing parent satisfaction and family relation as well. The program was practiced once a week for 8 weeks at the B community service center and each session lasted for 2 hours. The participants of the program were 13 mothers of elementary schools who had a need to increase their parenting skills and satisfaction. Among the 13 participants, 7 of them were arranged to the experimental group and 6 of them were included to the control group. The scores of the two groups at the point of pre-test, post-test and follow-up test, 3 months after the termination of the program, were analysed and compared through the Wilcoxen matched pairs signed rank test and Mann-Whitney U test. The scales adapted in this study were the Parent Satisfaction Scale, the Parenting Self-efficacy Scale, and the Family Relation Scale. As the results of the analyses, there were significant differences of the increases in the area of parent-child relationship satisfaction, general parent satisfaction, parenting self-efficacy, and family relation between the two groups. In conclusion, the effectiveness and utilization of the program were confirmed. Also, it is verified that the program can be an important tool for strengthening healthy family functioning through the interventions of parents in the field of community based social work practice.