• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.23-29
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• 2013

Various properties of cotton handsheet were measured to solve the problem of deformation while storing guar gum(natural polymer) and to improve strength and retention by synthetic polymers(A-PAM, C-PAM, CMC). The results of this study were summarized as follow. The cotton handsheet with 0.2% of A-PAM showed the best tensile index and folding endurance. Retention of fines and fillers in pulp slurry with 0.2% and 0.3% of A-PAM were more excellent than that with guar gum.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 1992

The acetylation of papermaking pulp fiber(SwBKP, SwUKP, HwBKP and HwBCTMF) is carried out to modify the characteristics of pulp and paper. The effects of the addition of acetylated pulp on the filler retention and paper properties were investigated. The acetylation depended upon pulp type and the content of short fiber and fines. The addition of acetylated SwBKP did not deteriorate the retention of clay, talc and calcium carbonate, while the retention of titanium dioxide was increased with the addition of 20% and above. The brightness opacity, air permeability and tear strength were improved, but water resistance, burst strength and folding endurance were decreased by the addition of acetylated SwBKP and SwUKP. The tensile strength of SwBKP was increased until 20% of acetylated pulp is added, and then decreased. The tensile strength of SwUKP, however, was not changed until the acetylated pulp of 25% is added. The dimensional stability was improved by the addition of acetylated pulp and showed the different response to SwBKP and SwUKP.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.470-475
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• 1999

Several enzyme were applied to Laubholz Bleached Kraft Pulp(LBKP) to evaluate the influence on beatability which was measured in Schopper Riegler value, and the results were compared with untreated pulp. Among the types of enzyme, cellulase was found to be the most effective. Addition of cellulase increased the beatability by 28% at optimum condition. Strength properties such as tensile strength and folding endurance also increased with enzymatic treatment by 12% and 46%, respectively. However, excessive dosage of cellulase had an adverse effect on strength properties in spite of the high beatability. Fibrillization by cellulase and destruction of fiber by excessive reaction was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM).

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.70-76
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• 2007

The raw oriental lacquer produced in China was used in this study. This lacquer was diluted with ethanol and terpene in different solvent ratios. The diluted lacquer in the solvents had two layers. The upper layer was solvent soluble and the lower contained precipitates. Hanji was treated with the solvent solubles and the mixture containing precipitates, and then properties of the Hanji were evaluated. The average weight, thickness, and density of Hanji treated with oriental lacquer tended to gradually be decreased as the lower concentration of lacquer was used and as the solvent soluble was treated. Tensile strength of the treated Hanji decreased when the diluted lacquer was used and Hanji treated with terpene dilution at the ratio of lacquer to solvent of 1:5 (v/v) showed higher tensile strength than ones treated with ethanol dilution. The folding endurance decreased as the less concentrated lacquer was used and the highest value was obtained when 1:40 (v/v) of lacquer to solvent ratio in both ethanol and terpene mixture. Absorption ratio was higher in the Hanji treated with ethanol mixture, treated with the lacquer in lower concentration, and treated with ethanol mixture. Hanji treated with ethanol dilution at 1:20 (v/v) and the lower ratio of lacquer to solvent showed a hydrophobic property. Amount of the bound dye materials tended to be decreasing as the concentration of lacquer became lower and it was higher in Hanji treated with ethanol mixture than with terpene mixture.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.39-46
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• 2000

In pulp and papermaking process, enzymatic treatment of pulp fibres has been a topic of increasing interest in last decade. Lots of patents, papers and research reports were published on the application of enzymes in the fields of enzymatic bleaching, deinking, slime control, pitch control, waste water treatment and fibre modification. Cellulase and hemicellulase are the principal enzymes used for the modification of fibre property. This study was carried out for determinating the behaviors of enzyme to pulp fibres. A commercial enzyme, Denimax BT which is consisted with cellulase and hemicellulase, was treated to the kraft pulp produced from domestic hardwood mixtures. Results were mainly concentrated on the behaviors of freeness, drainability and fines content of fibres, and physical properties of paper with enzyme treatment. The freeness levels and dewatering ability were developed, and the fines contents were decreased. The creation of fines were controlled by the method of pre-enzyme treatment prior to fibre beating. The mechanical strength of paper, like tensile, burst, tear strength and folding endurance, were remarkably improved by the pre-enzyme treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.201-206
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• 2006

Embossing treated fruit bagging paper was prepared with newly designed embossing roll and mechanical properties of fruit bagging paper were evaluated. The embossing technology was developed. First of all, embossing roll was designed in Ginyong Embo(Co) for the embossing process of fruiting bag. The embossing treated fruit bagging paper was manufactured in Agro(Co) at plant scale. The mechanical properties of embossing paper was investigated and operation efficiency of bagging was tested at field. The properties of embossed paper was quit satisfied for fruiting bag for cultivation of apple and pears.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.397-403
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• 2014

In this study, various types of Jumchi Hanji were made to develop shroud materials as a new use for Hanji. The properties of Hanji (basis weight, thickness, apparent density, bulk, tensile strength, wet tensile strength, elongation ratio, tear strength, bursting strength, and folding endurance) are measured. In all cases, Jumchi Hanji had a higher thickness, lower apparent density and higher bulk than Hanji because pores in the intervals of mulberry fiber are composed of bulk. So, it is considered to carry a value as a textile material. As for the results of the strength analysis of Jumchi Hanji, Jumchi technique enhances 25% of elongation ratio, which is regarded the most important role in textiles and 35% of bulk. Moreover, it was shown that it enhanced overall strength. In conclusion, it implies the possibility of applying it as a shroud material. Jumchi Hanji is thought to have enough potential to be developed as a material to carry the characteristics of Hanji in the textile market.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.213-224
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• 2018

In this study, a series of accelerated creep tests (SIM) was carried out on geosynthetic strip reinforcements with folding grooves having different tensile strengths (15 kN, 25 kN, 35 kN, 50 kN, 70 kN, and 90 kN) to analyze creep characteristics and to assess creep reduction factors. In particular, long-term creep tests were conducted on geosynthetic strip reinforcements with 25 kN tensile strength, which is widely used, to compare and analyze the accelerated creep test results. As a result, the creep reduction factor increased with an increasing design life of reinforcement. In addition, geosynthetic strip reinforcement using the same material and manufacturing method showed similar creep reduction factors at the same design life for different tensile strengths. When both long-term and accelerated creep test data were used, the creep reduction factors from the accelerated test were estimated to be 5.9%~7.1% less than those from the long-term creep test for the design life ranging from 50 to 100 years.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2006

This study was carried out to explore a new application of traditional Hanji and obtain fundamental properties for producing Hanji wallpaper by incorporating ceramics from wood and rice-husk as an interior building material. The results of properties determined were summarized as follows: The addition of ceramics in Hanji paper reduced its apparent density, but increased bulk density due to the ceramic particles distributed on the surface and inside the fiber of Hanji wallpapers. In particular, woodceramic particles were specifically distributed on the fiber surface, while particles of rice-husk ceramics were permeated into the inside surface of fibers. The density of rice-husk ceramics were greater than that of woodceramics. The physical properties of Hanji wallpapers, such as breaking strength, wet breaking strength, burst strength, tear index and folding endurance were deteriorated with the addition of ceramics. However, the addition of woodceramics in the Hanji wallpaper resulted in better strength in most cases than that of rice-husk ceramics, except tear strength. Therefore, an optimum addition level of woodceramics into the wallpaper was found to be 5% on the basis of intensity. The addition of ceramics also prolonged the combustion time because it lowered air permeability and brightness of the wallpaper.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.9-14
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• 2012

Currently a variety of efforts to conserve and restore the injured the Annal of the Joseon Dynasty are continued and many studies about the aging pathway of the beeswax-treated volume have being progressed. In this study, two chambers were set up to assess the influence of VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) generated in process of beeswax deterioration. One chamber was closed and the other was continuously ventilated in order to remove the VOCs. In results, the acid compounds of beeswax-treated Hanjis aged in closed chamber was more than that aged in ventilated chamber. The folding endurance of beeswax-treated Hanjis aged in closed chamber was lower than that aged in ventilated chamber. Accumulated acid compounds of beeswax-treated Hanji in closed chamber may cause accelerated aging and strength decrease. In conclusion, accumulated acid compounds can accelerate the aging of beeswax-treated Hanji and cause the severe deterioration of inside of beeswax-treated volume. Therefore, to preserve more safely beeswax-treated volumes of the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, it is essential that VOCs emitted from beeswax-treated volume are ventilated.