• 대한수의학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.383-390
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• 1995

This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of tear staining syndrome in poodle dogs. Schirmer tear test, fluorescein dye test and measurement of the angle of bend between vertical and horizontal bony nasolacrimal duct were conducted in both poodles and German shepherd dogs. There were no significant differences between normal and tear-stained poodles in tear formation determined by Schimer tear test. However, there was significantly higher tear production in German shepherds than that in normal poodles(p<0.05). In the fluorescein dye test for the measurement of tear excretion, the dye was observed within $14.5{\pm}6.5$ minutes after dropping of the dye in normal poodles, but was not observed even over 30 minutes in tear-stained poodles. German shepherds had rather rapid passage time($0.4{\pm}0.3$ minutes) than poodles in the dye excretion. In the measurement of the angle of bend between vertical and horizontal bony nasolacrimal duct through dacryocystorhinography, there were no significant differences between normal tear-stained poodles with showing $85.0{\pm}6.8^{\circ}$ and $89.8{\pm}6.5^{\circ}$, respectively. However, obtuse angle of bend($106.8{\pm}4.7^{\circ}$) was shown in German shepherds. These results have ascertained that tear staining syndrome of poodle dogs was not related to tear production but to the rate of tear excretion.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제45회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.263.2-263.2
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• 2013

We report a systematic investigation of a set of macrophotoinitiators for use in polymerization-based signal amplification. To test the dependence of photopolymerization responses on the number of photoinitiators localized per molecular recognition event, we gradually increased the number of photoinitiator molecules coupled to a scaffold macromolecule. Macrophotoinitiators constructed with an average of 7 to 168 photoinitiators per polymer with the goals of quantifying the relationship between the number of initiators per binding event and the degree of amplified colorimetric readout. To evaluate the capacity of the macrophotoinitiators to detect molecular recognition, neutravidin was coupled to these molecules to recognize biotin-labeled DNA immobilized on biochip test surfaces. Fluorescein macroinitiators are found to be useful in detecting molecular recognition above a threshold of initiators per polymer. Above this threshold, increasing the number of initiators per macroinitiator resulted in increased signal strength.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2007

구면과 비구면 R.G.P 렌즈 착용실태 조사를 인천 경기지역 안경사 374명을 대상으로 착용비율, 관리법, 예비검사법등 여러가지 문항을 설정하여 조사 하였다. 대부분의 안경사들은 비구면 R.G.P 렌즈를 구면보다 7:3의 비율로 많이 판매하고 있었으며 R.G.P 렌즈 핏팅시 반드시 행하여야할 예비검사 항목 Schirmer test, Tear Break up time test, Slit lamp에 의한 Fluorescein검사, Topography에 의한 각막 지형도 검사를 시행하는지 조사하였으나 대부분 시행하지 않고 있었다. 또한 R.G.P 렌즈 핏팅시 가장 많이 나타나는 증상으로는 가벼운 이물감, 충혈, 시력 흐림, 건조감 순으로 나타났다. 본 실태 조사는 이상적인 R.G.P 렌즈를 핏팅을 위하여 반드시 행하여야 할 예비검사 항목을 나열하였으며, 그 중요성을 일깨우고자 하는데 목적이 있다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.266-276
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• 2021

안저 출혈은 망막 조직과 혈관의 이상을 의미한다. 따라서 안과 의사는 안저의 출혈성 변화가 발생하면 이에 따른 치료 계획을 수립하기 위해 치료 전과 치료 중간, 치료 이후 등 병변의 진행상황을 파악하기 위해 여러 가지 안과 검사의 출혈 성 정도의 평가를 위해 오더를 지시한다. 현재 가장 유용하고 보편적인 안저검사에는 빛간섭단층촬영(OCT), 안저촬영(FP), 형광안저혈관조영술(FAG) 등이 있다. 중증 안저 출혈에 대한 치료 계획을 수립하기 위한 기존의 형광안저혈관조영술 검사에는 한계가 있다. 저자들은 광각형광혈관조영술을 이용하여 동공주위촬영과 5-quadrant 방법을 수행할 것을 제안한다. 이 방법을 사용하면 신속히 검사 부위를 결정하고 최대한 출혈의 반경을 피해 안과 의사에게 손상된 조직과 이상 혈관의 범위를 제공할 수 있다. 그런데도 불구하고 안과 의사가 안저 출혈이 매우 심각하여 광각형광혈관조영술이 무의미하다고 판단하는 경우가 있다. 이런 경우 대체검사로 안과초음파 및 망막전위도의 오더가 발생한다. 따라서 우리는 안 초음파 및 망막전위도 검사 필요성에 대해 당위성을 인정해야 하고, 정확하게 수행해야 한다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.337-340
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• 1999

장기 저장한 사과 화분의 활력을 측정하기 위하여 기본배지와 fluorescein diacetate(FDA)를 첨가한 배지를 slide glass 위에 얇게 도포한 후 기내발아율을 조사한 결과, FDA를 첨가한 배지에서는 화분 발아가 저하되었다. 따라서 FDA 용액을 이용한 형광염색반응법으로 사과 화분의 활력을 측정할 수 있는지 구명하기 위하여 10%의 sucrose 용액을 slide glass 위에 한방울 떨어뜨린 후 0.002%의 FDA를 첨가한 곳에 화분을 치상한 결과, 형광반응이 일어나는 치상 후 30분 경에 활력이 있는 화분은 자외선하에서 명확히 형광을 나타냈다. 기내발아율과 형광반응률을 측정한 결과, 39개월 장기 저장한 사과의 화분도 활력이 감소하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 같은 방법으로 조사한 품종별 화분의 활력은 '후지' 와 '천추'가 가장 높게 나타났으며 '쓰가루'는 중간 정도, '조나골드'는 낮게 나타났다. 형광염색반응법에 의한 형광반응률은 대체로 기본배지에서의 발아율과 비슷하게 나타났으나 3개월간 저장한 '천추'의 화분은 형광반응률이 발아율보다 다소 높게 나타났다. 형광반응률과 발아율은 높은 정의 상관을 보여 형광염색 반응법에 의해 장기 저장 사과 화분의 활력을 편리하고 정확하게 측정할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.228-236
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• 2015

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a well-established method commonly used to measure the diffusion of fluorescent solutes and biomolecules in living cells or tissues. Here a fiber-optic-based FRAP (f-FRAP) system was developed, and validated using macromolecules in water and agarose gels of different concentrations. We applied f-FRAP to measure the site-specific diffusion of fluorescein (NaFluo) in peritoneal membranes (PMs) on the liver, cecum, and kidney of a living rat during peritoneal dialysis. Diffusion of fluorescein in PM varied in a time-dependent manner according to the type of organ ($D_{PM\;on\;Liver}/D_{NaFluo}=0.199{\pm}0.085$, $D_{PM\;on\;Cecum}/D_{NaFluo}=0.292{\pm}0.151$, $D_{PM\;on\;Kidney}/D_{NaFluo}=0.218{\pm}0.110$). The proposed method allows direct quantitative measurement of the three-dimensional diffusion in local PM in vivo, which was previously inaccessible by peritoneal function test methods such as peritoneal equilibration test (PET) and standardized PM assessment (SPA). f-FRAP is promising for local and dynamic assessments of peritoneal pathophysiology and the mass transport properties of PMs, presumed to be affected by variation of tissue structures over different organs and functional changes of the PM with years of peritoneal dialysis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권3호
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• pp.264-272
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• 2022

Background: The current conventional drug susceptibility test (DST) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) takes several weeks of incubation to obtain results. As a rapid method, molecular DST requires only a few days to get the results but does not fully cover the phenotypic resistance. A new rapid method based on the ability of viable Mtb bacilli to hydrolyze fluorescein diacetate to free fluorescein with detection of fluorescent mycobacteria by flow cytometric analysis, was recently developed. Methods: To evaluate this cytometric method, we tested 39 clinical isolates which were susceptible or resistant to isoniazid (INH) or rifampin (RIF), or ethambutol (EMB) by phenotypic or molecular DST methods and compared the results. Results: The susceptibility was determined by measuring the viability rate of Mtb and all the isolates which were tested with INH, RIF, and EMB showed susceptibility results concordant with those by the phenotypic solid and liquid media methods. The isolates having no mutations in the molecular DST but resistance in the conventional phenotypic DST were also resistant in this cytometric method. These results suggest that the flow cytometric DST method is faster than conventional agar phenotypic DST and may complement the results of molecular DST. Conclusion: In conclusion, the cytometric method could provide quick and more accurate information that would help clinicians to choose more effective drugs.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2014

선박평형수를 통한 외래종 확산을 방지하기 위해 국제해사기구(IMO)에서는 2004년 선박평형수관리협약을 채택하였다. 이 협약에 따르면 앞으로 대부분의 선박들은 선박평형수 처리시스템을 통해서 해양 생물을 사멸 또는 제거시킨 후 배출해야 하며, 이는 플랑크톤의 생사판별방법을 통하여 이루어진다. 본 연구에서는 국제적으로 선박평형수 처리후 생사판별법으로 널리 사용되고 있는 fluorescein diacetate assay (FDA) 염색방법의 제한성과 이의 대안으로 Neutral red (NR) 염색방법사용 가능성을 살펴보고자 하였다. FDA 염색법은 대부분의 플랑크톤 염색에 되어서 현재 가장 널리 사용되는 방법임에도 불구하고 본 연구에서는 Ditylum brightwellii 을 제외한 모든 식물플랑크톤 대해서 낮은 염색 효율(전체 평균 염색 효율 <50%)을 보였으며, 식물플랑크톤이 갖는 고유한 형광(적색)에 간섭을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 FDA는 형광파장에 노출된 후 빠르게 색이 바래지는 경향도 관찰되었다. 반면에 NR은 조사된 모든 동 식물플랑크톤 개체수에 대해서 90% 이상의 높은 염색 효율을 보였다. 두 염색법 모두 포르말린을 이용해서 사멸시킨 동 식물플랑크톤에 대해서는 염색이 되지 않았다. 본 연구결과를 통해서 NR 염색법을 이용한 동 식물플랑크톤 생사판별은 매우 효율적이라고 판단된다.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2021

This study was performed to identify the effect of synovium graft on conjunctiva in rabbits after dry eye induction. Six New Zealand White rabbits were used as dry eye models. Both eyes were divided to two groups as control and synovium graft group. The synovium graft was performed in fourth week after dry eye modeling. Quantitative change of tears through Schirmer tear test (STT), qualitative change of tear film through tear film break up time (TFBUT), and damage of cornea through fluorescein staining were observed for 10 weeks at intervals of two weeks. Histological examination was performed to evaluate cornea and conjunctiva at tenth week. In both groups, STT and TFBUT were significantly decreased in 4 weeks after modeling compared to 0 weeks (p < 0.05) . After synovium graft, there were increases in STT value at 4 weeks and TFBUT at 4 and 6 weeks in graft group (p < 0.05). Corneal fluorescein staining showed no significant difference between the two groups. In histopathological examination, grafted synovium was detected as round to ovoid ingression folds, well attached to grafted regions with 0.11 ± 0.04 mm² (range, 0.05-0.16 mm²). These results indicated that the synovium graft on the conjunctiva had an effect on the qualitative and quantitative improvement of the tear film even though there was no histological change.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.193-202
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• 1995

In order to improve the cryopreservatory techniques of livestock embryos, the quick freezing method which is directly plunged in liquid nitrogen via prefreezing procedure without freezing machine was carried out for mouse embryos treated with permeable and nonpermeable cryoprotectants. The viability of frozen-thawed embryos were evaluated by FDA vital dye test. The results obtained was summaried as follows: 1. A total of 720 embryos were recovered from frozen embryos for viability test. Evalution of the fluorescein diacetate(FDA) vital dye test with mice embryos were resulted of 2.3 total mean score - evaluted in orderly higher mean grade of P3 453 (63%), P2 133(18%), P1 51(7%) and P0 83(12%). 2. An all-round evalution of these combination, the highest viability was showed in 3M ethylene glycol + 0. 25M trehalose treated with the copper prefreezing. 3. Effects of permeable and nonpermeable cryoprotectants combination were evaluated by means FDA score. 3M ethylene glycol + 0.25M trehalose showed the highest survival rates of 2.8 mean FDA score. 4. Effects of permeable cryoprotectants were evaluated by mean FDA score but the results were not significantly different each other. 5. In evalution of the nonpermeable cryoprotectants, 0. 25M trehalose obtalned higher mean FDA score than of 0.25M sucrose and it was significantly different(P<0.05). 6. There was no significantly difference between copper and stainless-steel in prefreezing procedures.