• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.93-96
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• 2000

The present study was performed to obtain the basic information about growth and quality related characteristics and optimum harvesting time for podedible pea which is a new crop in Korea but believed to have a great deal of potentials for both domestic and overseas markets. They can be consumed either as a fresh succulent vegetable or as tender green pods. The daily green pod yield of pod-edible peas started to increase from ten days after flowering and the maximum yield was recorded on 26 days after flowering. Ninety percent of pod yields could be harvested from 16 to 36 days after flowering. Mean green pod yield for the tested varieties was approximately 8.0 t/ha. Total vitamin C content of pod-edible peas showed continuously decreasing trends from five days after flowering. The highest sucrose content was obtained at ten days after flowering. The highest panel score based on sweetness, chewiness, and hardness for the processed green pods was shown at 10-15 days after flowering in all varieties tested, indicating that the optimum harvesting time for pod-edible peas was considered to be 10-15 days after flowering.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2011

In case of using rapid vacuum-freeze drying for high quality dry flower of flowering plant, the morphological and physiological characteristics of dry rose showed as the following. The dry ratio of about 82% presented after 1 day in case of using rapid vacuum-freeze drying and it was reached that the optimum storage water content of general dry products was 18%. The dry ratio of about 89% presented after 4 days. This result indicates very short dry time comparing with natural dry time of 12 days. Also, the morphological characteristics of flowering plant in case of vacuum-freeze drying showed similar shape with real flower. The contraction decreased about 9% comparing with real flower under dry time of 72 hours. But the contraction in case of natural dry decreased 36% and showed noticeable difference. The brightness which affects physiological characteristics of dry flowering plant showed lower values according to the dry process and chromaticity was thick. After 4 days, natural dry was thick with about 2 times comparing with vacuum-freeze drying. In case of vacuum-freeze drying, the quantity of anthocyanin and chlorophyl which affect discoloration and bleaching of dry flowering plant showed the clear difference comparing with natural dry method due to the sublimation by vacuum after rapid freeze with short initial time.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.368-372
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• 2008

Recent molecular and genetic studies in rice, a short-day plant, have elucidated both conservation and divergence of photoperiod pathway genes and their regulators. However, the biological roles of rice genes that act within the autonomous pathway are still largely unknown. In order to better understand the function of the autonomous pathway genes in rice, we conducted molecular genetic analyses of OsFVE, a rice gene homologous to Arabidopsis FVE. OsFVE was found to be ubiquitously expressed in vegetative and reproductive organs. Overexpression of OsFVE could rescue the flowering time phenotype of the Arabidopsis fve mutants by up-regulating expression of the SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO1 (SOC1) and down-regulating FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) expression. These results suggest that there may be a conserved function between OsFVE and FVE in the control of flowering time. However, OsFVE overexpression in the fve mutants did not rescue the flowering time phenotype in in relation to the response to intermittent cold treatment.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.50-56
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• 1964

(1) 양마의 개화 및 수정현상을 조사해서 교잡육종에 참고자료를 얻고저 이 실험을 하였다. (2) 양마의 개화시각은 품종에 따라서 현저한 차이가 있으며 따른 것은 오후 11시부터 11시 30분 늦은 것은 오전 9시 30분부터 10시 사이에 개화를 끝냈다. 가장 개화가 빠른 품종은 한국재래종이고 (P.M. 12∼12시 30분, 성화기) 제일 늦은 품종은 미국에서 도입한 Everglades 71(AM6∼6시 30분, 성화기)이며 Guatemala에서 도입한 Guatemala 38F(A.M. 4∼4시 30분, 성화기), Guatemala 2A(A.M. 4시 30분∼5시, 성화기) 미국종과 한국종의 중간정도로 개화하였다. (3) 한국재래종에 있어서는 동일품종에 있어서도 개화초기와 개화종기에 있어서는 개화시각이 다소 상이하였고 후자의 개화시각은 전자보다 늦었다. 이 원인은 주로 기온에 영향되는 것 같았고 온도의 저하에 따라 개화시각도 늦어지는 것 같이 생각되었다. (4) 상마는 개화됨과 동시에 수술의 화사가 신장되고 개약하여 수분이 되며 수분하여 수정이 되는 소요시간은 5∼6시간으로 볼 수 있었다. (5) 품종간 교잡에 있어서 제일 알맞은 교배시각은 각 품종의 개화최성기라고 생각되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.86-90
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• 1980

파종기가 땅콩의 개화에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 천엽반입을 위시한 10개 땅콩품종을 4월 15일 부터 15일 간격으로 7회 파종하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 파종기가 지연됨에 따라 각 품종의 개화까지 일수는 직선적인 감소를 보였는데 파종기의 지연에 의한 개화까지 일수의 단축정도는 Star와 Dixie Runner가 가장 낮았고 Soulheast Runner가 가장 높았다. 2. 표준 파종기에서의 각 품종의 조만성과 각 품종의 파종기 지연에 의한 개화까지 일수의 단축률 간에는 고도의 부의 유의상관(r=-0.86**)이 인정되었다. 3. 단일처리는 각 품종의 개화까지 일수의 단면에 전혀 영향을 미치지 않았으며 단일하의 각 품종의 조만성은 4월 15일, 4월 30일, 5월 15일, 5월 30일 및 7월 14일 파종기 각 품종의 조만성과 고도의 유의상관이 각각 인정되었다. 4. 4월 30일 파종구에 비해 5월 15일 파종구에서 각 품종의 개화수는 급격한 감소를 보였으며 5월 15일 이후의 각 파종기간에는 개화수의 차이가 인정되었다. 5. 표준 파종기에서는 각 품종의 개화까지 일수와 개화수간에 부의 유의상관이 인정되었으나(${\gamma}$=-0.72*) 그 외의 파종기에서는 개화까지의 일수와 개화수간에 유의상과이 인정되지 않았다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.100-100
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• 2017

FT is one of the major floral activator in plant flowering. FT determines the changing point of time from vegetative stage to reproductive stage. To understand the role of FT homologs in short-day plant soybean, we identified 10 soybean FT homologous genes and named GmFTs. We figured out that 10 GmFT genes were further categorized into three subclades through phylogenetic analysis. Expression analysis of GmFT genes indicated that they might have different functions in photoperiod-dependent soybean flowering. Most of GmFTs, for example, GmFT2a, GmFT2b, GmFT5a and GmFT6 mainly expressed in soybean leaves at short-day condition. However, interestingly GmFT1a and GmFT4 represented opposite expression pattern to other GmFTs. Arabidopsis transgenic plants overexpressing GmFT2a and GmFT5a exhibited extremely early flowering. In contrast, overexpression of GmFT4 delayed flowering of Arabidopsis transgenic plants. The results suggest that GmFT4 has antagonistic role to other GmFTs in soybean flowering. Interestingly, mRNA level of GmFT2a is higher in early flowering soybean accessions than in late flowering ones. Moreover, the highest point of mRNA level of GmFT2a showed the positive correlation with the timing of flowering of soybean accessions. But that of GmFT4 showed opposite pattern. Here, we report that soybean FT homologs might acquire different functions in photoperiod-dependent flowering through the functional diversification during evolution.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study was conducted on Forsythia velutina, a special plant, in Gyeongsangnam-do Arboretum under the Gyeongsangnam-do Forest Environment Research Institute, which is located in the southern part of Korea. Methods: The research aimed to analyze the flowering characteristics of the plant by calculating the optimal temperature and humidity according to the flowering time and flowering period for 8 years from 2010 to 2017 in order to provide basic data for bioclimate studies of endemic plants. Results: It was observed that the Forsythia velutina showed a life cycle from mid-March and to mid-November. Average growth period was 243 (± 6.5) days. In testing the reliability of a single variable according to the meteorological factors, the Cronbach's Alpha was 0.701, which indicates that the findings were relatively reliable. The average date of flowering was March 16 (SD = 5.8) and the average date on which blossoms fall was March 29 (SD = 5.2). A substantial difference in flowering period was observed from year to year 11 to 23 days, with an average of 16 days (± 4.7). The temperature and humidity in February to March, which affect the flowering, were 2.9-5.5℃, and 66.5-73.0%, respectively, and showed differences every year. Conclusion: The correlation between flowering time and meteorological factors was positive, and the highest daily temperature and average daily temperature had the highest significance. When establishing basic data on plant species for the conservation of endemic plants, the changes in life cycle events and weather conditions are identified. It is believed that it will be helpful in establishing a conservation strategy for the plant species in the future.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.129-132
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• 1969

The polygenic variation in flowering time of soybean irradiated with Co$^{60}$ gamma ray evaluated in the R$_2$ generation. The genetic variance in the irradiation treatment was about four times that of the control. The basic possibility of selection for the early and the late in flowering time of soybean after irradiated with Co$^{60}$ was suggested in this paper.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.87-87
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• 2017

Flowering time of either early or late is one of the crucial parameters that determine the crop productivity. Therefore, elucidation of regulatory mechanisms of flowering time should contribute to breeding for yield enhancement. However, comprehensive explanation on molecular mechanism of flowering has not yet been reported in hexaploidy common wheat (Triticum asetivum L.). The mechanism of flowering in wheat has been studied mostly using flag leaf or floral meristem. The exposed peduncle, which is a shoot part between bottom of the spike and flag leaf, could be an important tissue that is responsible for flowering through various molecules expressing. To clarify for transcriptomic dynamics in the wheat peduncle that was uncovered by leaf sheath of flag leaf, RNA sequencing and transcriptomic analysis were conducted. With this, we also analyzed other transcriptomic results deposited in the public DB to identify genes specially expressed in peduncle tissue at transition from vegetative to reproductive phase. The obtained results will provide valuable information to understand the role of peduncle for flowing regulation in wheat aimming for elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of wheat flowering.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.665-675
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• 2018

Rice is a facultative short-day (SD) plant in which flowering is induced under SD conditions or by other environmental factors and internal genetic programs. Overexpression of Histone Deacetylase 701 (HDT701) accelerates flowering in hybrid rice. In this study, mutants defective in HDT701 flowered late under both SD and long-day conditions. Expression levels of florigens Heading date 3a (Hd3a) and Rice Flowering Locus T1 (RFT1), and their immediate upstream floral activator Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), were significantly decreased in the hdt701 mutants, indicating that HDT701 functions upstream of Ehd1 in controlling flowering time. Transcript levels of OsINDETERMINATE SPIKELET 1 (OsIDS1), an upstream repressor of Ehd1, were significantly increased in the mutants while those of OsGI and Hd1 were reduced. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that HDT701 directly binds to the promoter region of OsIDS1. These results suggest that HDT701 induces flowering by suppressing OsIDS1.