• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2004

Three unrecorded fern species from the flora of Korea belonging to family Dryopteridaceae, Ctenitis maximowicziana, Dryopteris lunanensis, and D. dcipiens var. diplazioides, are found along the valley of Mt. Wolgak (alt. 275m) in Gwangju, Korea. C. maximawicziana is well distinguished from the rest of the species in the genus including C. sinii by the color and morphology of scales in basal part of petioles, shape of blades, and the presence of round-reniform shaped indusia. Dryopteris lunanensis is also well distinguished from its close relative, D. atrata, by the number of lateral pinnae, degree of division of first and/or second pinnules in lower pinnae of the blades, and distribution pattern of sori. Dryapteris decipiens var. diplazioides is distinguishable from type variety by degree of division in lower pinnae of the blades. In terms of morphology, var. diplazioides seems to be intermediate between a type variety and D. fuscipes.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.346-351
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• 1999

According to their flower color and the shape of petal, sepal, and lip, Calanthe species native to Cheju Island are named as follows; 'Arang', 'Cheongsu', 'Sara', 'Aeyeol', 'Darigot', 'Saebaengi', 'Andeok', 'Setbyeol', 'Kyorae', 'Jasujeong', 'Baekrok', 'Seokwang', 'Deokcheon', 'Seonheul', 'Saechimi', 'Jokduri', 'Baedal', 'Noksu', 'Noeul', and 'Dansim for 20 cultivars of Calanthe discolor; 'Hwanghee', 'Waheul', 'Illchool', 'Hwangryong', 'Dabo', 'Hwangjinee', 'Daeha', 'Chwikwang', 'Seokyang', 'Eunpa', 'Chwiseon', 'Sinbaram', 'Ara', 'Dano', 'Pakae', and 'Sojeob' for 16 cultivars of Calanthe sieboldii; 'Dongkwang', 'Myeongdeok', 'Wangdolseon', 'Myeongryeok', 'Kwibuin', 'Semi', 'Cheonwangsa', 'Mandeok', 'Seolmundae', 'Kyeongok', 'Darangsi', 'Byeolbang', 'Honghak', 'Dongbaeksan', 'Chejudo', 'Samda', 'Kwandeok', 'Youngjusan', 'Tamra', 'Koyeongdi', 'Yongduam', and 'Jeolbuam' for 22 cultivars of Calanthe bicolor.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.510-522
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• 2017

To better understand the morphological variation for Perilla crop in different areas of China, we studied the morphological variation in 87 accessions (84 cultivated var. frutescens and three cultivated var. crispa) from high latitude (Northeast China) and middle latitude (North and Northwest China) areas of China by examining seven quantitative and 10 qualitative characters. Analysis of the morphological variation determined that there was significant morphological differences in five quantitative traits between cultivated var. frutescens and cultivated var. crispa, including effective number of branches (QN2), number of internodes (QN3), number of branches (QN4), length of the largest inflorescence (QN5), and days from germination to flowering (QN7). However, two quantitative traits-plant height and number of florets of the largest inflorescence-did not show any significant differences between cultivated var. frutescens and cultivated var. crispa. In addition, significant differences for six quantitative traits were found between the accessions of cultivated var. frutescens originating from high and middle latitude areas in China, which included QN2, QN3, QN5, number of florets of the largest inflorescence (QN6), and QN7. Principal components analysis (PCA) identified five quantitative characters [plant height (QN1), QN2, QN3, QN4, QN7] and six qualitative characters [fragrance of plant (QL1), color of reverse side of leaf (QL3), degree of pubescence (QL5), color of flower (QL6), shape of leaf (QL7), and hardness of seed (QL10)] that contributed to the positive direction on the first axis. The other quantitative and qualitative characters contributed to the negative direction on the first axis. Most accessions of cultivated var. frutescens and cultivated var. crispa were clearly separated by the first axis. In addition, most accessions of cultivated var. frutescens are from high latitude and middle latitude areas that were clearly separated by the first axis, except for several accessions. The findings from this study will provide useful information towards understanding the morphological variation of Perilla crop according to geographical distribution in high and middle latitude regions of China.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.337-340
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• 2004

In April of 2003, the gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea was occured in zinnia seedlings grown in greenhouse at Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, and farmer's nursery. The symptoms of infected plants were started with water-soaking lesions in flower bud, leaves and stems. The lesions gradually expanded and infected plants became withered and discolored to gray or dark from the tip. The conidia and mycelia of the pathogen were appeared on flowers, leaves and stem. The conidia were gray, 1-celled, mostly ellipsoid or ovoid in shape and were 5${\sim}$16 ${\times}$ 4${\sim}$8 ${\mu}m$ in size. Conidiophores were 12${\sim}$28 ${\mu}m$ in size. The pathogenic fungi formed sclerotia abundantly on potato dextrose agar. The optimum temperature for sclerotial formation was $20^{\circ}C$. Pathogenicity of the causal organism was proved according to Koch's postulate. The causal organism was identified as Botrytis cinerea Persoon: Fries based on mycological characteristics. This is the first report on gray mold of Zinnia elegans caused by Botrytis cinerea in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1227-1233
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• 2008

The effect of freeze drying and fixatives in post-treating freeze drying on the morphological properties of the rose (Rosa hybrida L.) petal were investigated for the production of high quality of freeze dried rose. The morphology including form and color of the dried flowers of cut rose were depended on the drying methods. The drying time was extended due to their density and water content, and was shorter in the freeze drying than that in the natural and hot air drying. Freeze dried process for dried flowers took 2 days in a freeze dryer and did not cause shrinkage or toughening of rose petal being dried, preserving its natural shape and color. The diameter of freeze dried flowers showed little reduction compared to fresh flowers. In Hunter color values of petals of freeze dried flowers, L and a values were high and showed little variations in comparison to fresh petals. Freeze drying led to a noticeable increase in anthocyanin contents in petals, suggesting that anthocyanin contents play an important role in the acquisition of freezing tolerance. Exposure of flowers to freeze drying was accompanied by an increase in the carotenoid content. In the post-treating freeze drying, epoxy resin, a fixative, applied alone or in combination to petals of freeze dried flowers showed efficient coating for the protection from humidity and sunlight. Combined application of epoxy and acetone to freeze dried petals permitted maintenance of natural color and excellent tissue morphology, showing color stability and shiny texture in surface of petals. These findings suggest that application of fixatives to freeze dried rose petals improves the floral preservation and epoxy coating provides good quality in the freeze dried flower product.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.348-351
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• 2001

'Saenara' released by National Horticultural Research Institute in 1997 is a mid-season apple cultivar with attractive red skin, high quality and high productivity. This cultivar originated from the cross between 'Spur EarliBlaze' and 'Spur Golden Delicious' at Suwon in 1981. It was first selected in 1992 and named 'Wonkyo Ga-08'. The regional adaptability test was carried out for 5 years from 1993 to 1997 at 7 different sites. 'Saenara' is medium in tree vigor and has a spreading tree form. It bears abundant flower buds on many spurs. It blossoms a day earlier than 'Spur Golden Delicious', 3 days later than 'Spur EarliBlaze'. Harvesting time of 'Saenara' is September 10, 140 days after full bloom at Suwon. Fruit shape is conical and skin color is bright red. Fruit weighs about 300 g and has $14.6^{\circ}Brix$ soluble solids content. It is susceptible to alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria mali Roberts).

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.117-120
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• 2004

In April of 2003, the gray mold disease occurred severely on statice (Limonium shinuatum Mill. cv. Sophia) grown in the commerical farms in Seosang-myon, Hamyang-gun, Gyeongnam Province, Korea, 2003. The infected plants were started with water-soaking lesions in the stems, the leaves and the flowers became withered and discolored to gray or dark from the tip then gradually expanded to die. The conidia and mycelia of the pathogen appeared on flowers, leaves, calyx and flower stalk. The conidia were gray, I-celled, mostly ellipsoid or ovoid in shape and were 8∼20 x 6∼14 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. Conidiophores were 14∼34 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. The sclerotia were formed abundantly on potato-dextrose agar. The optimum temperature for sclerotial formation was 2$0^{\circ}C$. Pathogenicity of the causal organism was proved according to Koch's postulate. The causal organism was identified as Botrytis cinerea Persoon: Fries based on mycological characteristics. This is the first report on gray mold of statice (Limonium shinuatum) caused by Botrytis cinerea in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.116-125
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• 1992

This experiment was conducted to examine characteristics of agronomic characters and estimate of gene effect for several mutant characters. The genetic populations were derived from cross between 83H-5 and Hicks. There were significant difference for plant height, stlk height, leaf shape and bacterial wilt disease index except leaf number, leaf length, and what is more, F3 variance is more than Bl and B2 generation from cross 83H-5 X Hicks. Gene actions for stalk height and bacterial wilt disease were estimated by 3-parameter, and by 6- parameter model for all characters except above two characters but stalk height and bacterial wilt disease index are not significant in the additive and dominance effects. Dominant$\times$dominant epitasis for plant height, dominant and dominant$\times$dominant epistasis for leaf length, additive and additive$\times$additive and dominant$\times$dominant epistasis for leaf width, and additive and additive$\times$dominant epistasis for days to flower were appeared significant in gene action.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.188-197
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• 2012

Recently, aluminum ships are constructed more than ever because of the environmental pollution generated by FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) ships. In particular, FRP ships have been replaced by the Aluminum ships. The forming process of the curved aluminum plate has been performed only by labor works without systematic technique. Therefore, it is difficult to construct the aluminum ship that the design satisfies both required propulsion performance and hull design. Present study introduces a MPSF (Multi Point Stretching Forming) that is a flexible manufacturing technique to form large sheet panels of doubly curvature. The hull pieces are stretch-formed over the MPSD (multi-point stretching die) generated by the punch element matrix. In this study, MPSF is applied to deform the doubly curved surfaces of aluminum ship. The forming system including FEA (finite element analysis) of the processes for stretching the plate were carried out by static implicit analysis is suggested. Residual deformation of the surface is modeled by an elasto-plastic contact phenomena while the forming process is simulated by FEA. Finally, the proposed system is also validated, comparing the deformed shape by MPSF with that of object surfaces.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.527-533
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• 2013

This paper presents damage detection and estimation of stiffness parameter on a concrete scale model and a real structure of concrete pontoon using dynamic properties such as mode shapes and natural frequencies. In case of damage detection, dynamic impact test on a concrete scale model is accomplished to extract mode shapes and the practicality is verified by utilizing a damage detection technique. And the stiffness parameter of a real structure of concrete pontoon was estimated via system identification technique using the natural frequencies of the structure. The results indicate that the damaged elements of the scale model are found exactly using damage detection technique and the effective stiffness property of the real structure of concrete pontoon can be estimated by system identification technique.