• 제목/요약/키워드: flower arrangement

검색결과 57건 처리시간 0.026초

Phenological Characteristics of Rhododendron Species in Temperate Mixed Broad-leaved Forests of Arunachal Himalaya, India

  • Paul, Ashish;Khan, Mohamed Latif;Das, Ashesh Kumar
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • 제34권6호
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    • pp.435-450
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    • 2018
  • Phenological events of four Rhododendron tree species (viz. R. arboreum, R. arboreum ssp. delavayi var. delavayi, R. barbatum and R. kesangiae) was monitored in temperate mixed broad-leaved forests of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Phenological events like flower bud formation, flowering, fruit setting, fruit maturing, seed dispersal, leaf bud formation, leaf flushing, and leaf shedding were recorded. Indices i.e., phenophase sequence index (PSI), active phenophasic period of the species (APS) and index of reproductive/vegetative activity (RVA) were also calculated. Present study revealed that bark consistency, growth form and leaf pattern of the studied species have showed variations among the species. Rhododendron species exhibited the phenological events overlapping with other phenophases. The peak flower bud formation was observed during the winter; R. arboreum ssp. delavayi var. delavayi start flowering from December, while the flowering in rest three species exhibited during February to April. Fruit setting occurred during summer to autumn while fruit maturation revealed peak during November. Leaf bud formation illustrated two peaks in April and May, leaf flushing exhibited peak in June, while leaf shedding peaked during October to November. Active phenophasic period of the species were found 12 months, which revealed that species engage in various phenophase activities throughout the year. Phenophase sequence index ranged between 0.8 to 0.9 (PSI ${\geq}0.6$), signifies that species have a sequential arrangement of phenophases. Index of reproductive/vegetative activity of the species exemplified >1, indicate that the reproductive phenophases were dominance over vegetative phenophases. The study have provided substantial insight on the life cycle events of Rhododendron species and ecological approaches for further scientific study with recent climate change and effective management and conservation.

Assessment of Visitors' Satisfaction and Intention to Revisit of Bukcheon Iceland Poppy Festival in Hadong County, South Korea

  • Lee, Yeong Jin;Huh, Keun Young;Kim, Inhea;Bui, Hai Dang
    • 인간식물환경학회지
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.629-639
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    • 2019
  • This study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of visitors to Hadong Bukcheon Iceland Poppy (BIP) Festival in order to sustain and enhance local flower festivals as a garden tourism. A questionnaire was distributed to BIP Festival visitors from May 18 to 27, 2018. A total of 167 responses were subject to be analyzed. Descriptive statistics analysis was mainly used and focused on describing the results in direct to explain the BIP Festival as a garden tourism. The number of female visitors and those in their 40s and 50s was high. Most of the visitors were found to live in other cities or counties near the area where BIP Festival was held and to prefer festivals held on the theme of nature and local features. The revisit rate and awareness of BIP Festival were 52.1% and 72.5% respectively. They mainly obtained the information on BIP Festival from people around them including family members, friends and colleagues, or from the Internet. Most answered that BIP festival was the most important destination on their trip. The major motives of BIP Festival visit included "spending quality time with family or friends (34.1%)", "appreciating Iceland poppy and gardens (25.6%)", and "enjoying oneself (tranquility, mental rest, etc.; 21.3%). As a companion, family and friends/colleagues accounted for 62.3% and 26.3% respectively. Most were found to spend 1-2 hours on visiting BIP festival and stay in Hadong county for a quarter of a day. In satisfaction of BIP Festival itself, "display and maintenance of Iceland poppy (3.76)" and "easiness of viewing (places arrangement, path, etc.) (3.57)" were high. In satisfaction of public relation and information, "service and hospitality of guides and desk clerks (3.66)" was high. The intention to revisit BIP Festival was nearly affirmative (3.73-3.80).

평지형 사찰의 조경식물 배치에 관한 조사연구 (An Investigation Study of The planting Arrangement of Ornamental Plants in Four Level Land Buddhist Temples)

  • 심재성;배정관
    • 자연과학논문집
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.123-138
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    • 2004
  • 평지형 사찰의 경관현황을 개관하고 경내 수목의 식재현황, 유형 및 각 사찰이 지니고 있는 특성과 수목간의 연관성을 구명하기 위해 월정사, 신흥사, 신륵사 및 미타사를 대상으로 2000년 3월부터 9월까지 답사, 조사하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 4개 사찰의 대웅전 앞에는 수목이 식재되지 않았다. 다만 예외적으로 대웅전의 역할을 하고 있는 월정사 적광전에는 산철쭉 외 5종의 수목이 식재되어 있었다. 신흥사 및 신륵사의 극락보전과 월정사의 무량수전에는 공통적으로 주목이 식재되어 있는 것이 관찰되었으며, 월정사와 미타사에서는 금송도 식재되어 있었다. 특히 월정사의 조사당, 무량수전 및 삼성각에는 한결같이 금송이 식재되어 있었다. 월정사의 적광전과 삼성각, 및 신흥사의 극락보전에는 수수꽃다리가 식재되어 있음이 관찰되었고, 신흥사의 명부전과 신륵사의 극락보전에서는 불두화가 관찰되었다. 한편 신흥사와 신륵사에 식재된 향나무는 양 사찰의 대표수종으로 자리하고 있었다. 수목과 각 사찰건물간의 연관성에 대해 종합적으로 고찰하였고, 평지형 사찰에서 수목을 식재할 때 활용할 수 있는 모형을 제시하였다.

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건조 자생식물 종별 꽃다발 이용 가능성 검토 (Study of Dried Korean Native Plants Using for Floral Clusters)

  • 손관화;권혜진
    • 화훼연구
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.266-274
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    • 2008
  • 건조 후 장식용 꽃다발을 만들기 적합한 자생식물을 조사하기 위해 충남 성환을 중심으로 지리산, 설악산, 제주도 등 한국의 여러 지역을 탐사하여 70여 종류의 식물을 수집하였다. 수집한 식물을 자연건조한 후, $22{\times}22{\times}37cm$ 포장상자에 맞는 사방형 핸드타이드 반구형 꽃다발로 상품가능성이 있는 식물은 37종류였다. 조사된 37종류의 식물 중 개밀, 새, 산조풀, 오리새, 피, 왕바랭이, 띠, 참억새, 억새, 큰쥐꼬리새, 수크령, 큰조아재비, 갈대, 포아풀, 금강아지풀, 강아지풀, 나래새의 17종이 포함된 화본과 식물이 가장 많았고, 사철쑥, 인진쑥, 산쑥, 사자빌쑥, 물쑥, 감국, 각시취의 7종이 포함된 국화과 식물이 두 번째였으며, 그 외 냉이, 다닥냉이, 말냉이 3종이 포함된 십자화과와 배초향, 향유, 꽃향유의 3종이 포함된 꿀풀과가 세 번째였다. 선정된 37종류의 식물 중 꽃다발 상용가치가 높은 식물은 피, 띠, 큰쥐꼬리새, 큰조아재비, 금강아지풀, 강아지풀, 사철쑥, 산쑥, 감국, 배초향, 향유, 꽃향유, 괭이사초, 순비기나무의 14가지였다. 꽃다발, 리스, 꽃꽂이 세 가지 장식물을 모두 제작할 수 있을 것으로 예상되는 식물을 조사, 수집하여 건조시킨 후 단일 식물 재료로, 꽃다발은 $22{\times}22{\times}37cm$의 포장상자에 들어갈 수 있는 반구형으로 제작하였고, 리스는 리스틀에 식물재료를 바짝 붙이는 기본형으로 $22{\times}22{\times}6cm$의 포장상지에 들어갈 수 있는 크기로, 꽃꽂이는 $22{\times}22{\times}22cm$ 포장상자에 들어 갈 수 있는 반구형으로 제작하였다. 제작된 식물 중 상품가능성이 가장 높은 식물은 갈대, 금강아지풀, 강아지풀, 사철쑥, 산쑥, 감국, 향유, 꽃향유, 들깨풀, 순비기나무 등 10종류였다.

한국 전통 버선본집 자수문양 콘텐츠 분석 (Content analysis of embroidery patterns of Korean traditional Beoseonbongips)

  • 홍희숙
    • 복식문화연구
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.705-725
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    • 2015
  • A Beoseonbongip is a pouch that holds patterns for making Beoseons. This study aimed to identify the aesthetic and symbolic contents of the embroidery patterns by analyzing the kind, combination types, expression and arrangement types of patterns. In total, 140 Beoseonbongip artifacts, which were mostly made in the Joseon Dynasty, were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The results indicated that about 83% of the total had flower patterns. Various kinds of embroidery patterns used for Beoseonbongips were newly identified. About 73% of the total had different kinds of patterns. Pattern combination types were identified by the kinds of patterns, the number of paired patterns, and the traditional painting styles used. The patterns of Beoseonbongips were expressed schematically more than realistically or abstractly. Beoseonbongips with different patterns on the four triangle tips of the front face and Beoseonbongips with the same/similar patterns on two opposite tips of the front face were observed more than the other types. On the back face, the embroidery patterns were symmetrically arranged, showing various division structures. It was inferred that wishes (e.g., marital harmony, fertility, good health and longevity, happiness, and wealth and fame) were expressed through the symbolic patterns embroidered on the Beoseonbongips. In terms of Korean traditional beauty, the union with nature, the harmony of yin and yang, symmetric balance, and neatness were also emphasized as a esthetic characteristics of Beoseonbongips.

진주류씨(晉州柳氏) 합장 묘 출토직물에 관한 연구 (The Characteristics of Excavated Fabrics from the Couple's Tomb of Jinju Ryu)

  • 조효숙;이은진
    • 대한가정학회지
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    • 제45권2호
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    • pp.51-62
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    • 2007
  • This study explicates some properties of the fabrics used in the 16th century by examining and analyzing the 90 pieces of fabric excavated from the graves of Mr. Ryu of Jinju and his wife Mrs. Park of Euiin. The fabrics were classified into silk tabby(紬), thin silk tabby, satin damask(段), complex gauze(羅), mixture fabric with silk and cotton(絲棉交織), cotton(棉布) etc. Compared to other contemporary fabrics excavated previously, the fabrics unearthed from the couple's graves presented very naive feelings. Patterned satin damask occupied a small portion. In the case of plain fabric, little filament silk tabby(絹) or thin filament silk tabby(細紬) was unearthed. Important data on the history of Korean costumes are provided by the noteworthy, first-ever excavation of a small cap made of complex gauze(羅) and the tiger-leopard embroidered patches called hyoongbae(胸背), which were worn on the front and back of official robes made of tabby with supplementary gold thread(金線). Only 3 pattern types could be clearly identified in form, cloud pattern, lotus and vine pattern(蓮花蔓草), and small flower and treasures pattern(七寶細花). These three patterns are very similar to those of other 16th century fabrics unearthed previously in terms of the form and arrangement of patterns.

강원도 중왕산 지역에서 부게꽃나무의 개화, 결실, 종자낙하량 및 종자활력 (Flowering, Fruiting, Seed Fall and Seed Viability of Acer ukurunduense in Mt. Jungwang, Gangwondo)

  • 김갑태;김회진
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제103권2호
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    • pp.153-158
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    • 2014
  • 천연활엽수림의 천연갱신 가능성을 파악하고자, 부게꽃나무(Acer ukurunduense Trautv. & C.A. Mey.)의 개화 결실, 종자낙하, 종자활력을 강원도 평창군 중왕산 지역에서 2009년부터 2013년까지 조사하였다. 부게꽃나무 꽃은 총 상화서(드물게 원추화서)에 양성화와 웅성화가 많이 달렸으며, 꽃의 배열은 화서마다 서로 달랐다. 화서 내에서 성형태간 개화시기가 달랐다. 양성화로 암술이 수분되어 자라기 시작한 꽃에서는 수술은 더 이상 성숙하지 않고 소실되었으며, 수술이 발달한 꽃에는 암술은 흔적으로만 존재하였다. 부게꽃나무는 꿀벌, 깜둥이창나방, 하늘소류, 애꽃벌류, 대모각다귀류 등이 수분하며, 자가수분을 회피하는 기작을 가지고 있다고 사료된다. 화서당 꽃의 수는 6월 8일에 189개였다가, 6월 21에는 과수당 시과?의 수는 41.2개였으며, 9월 5일에는 과수당 33.4개로 줄어들었다. 시과낙하량은 670~17,930 ea/ha의 범위로 평균은 6,720 ea/ha이었다. 건전배를 가진 것이 43.2%로 가장 많았고, 다음으로 피해 부후인 것이 41.8%, 미발육 10.2%, 쭉정이배 4.8%로 나타났다. 건전종자 생산량을 좌우하는 요인은 개화기인 6월 초순에 화분매개충의 활동과 어린 자방이 자라는 6월 초 중순 흡즙성 해충의 밀도와 활동성이 가장 중요한 요인이라 사료된다. 부게꽃나무의 천연갱신은 종자다산해에 발아와 생장에 유리한 조건을 갖춘 갭에서 이루어질 것으로 사료된다. 단풍나무류의 천연갱신을 이해하기 위해서 종자결실과 비산전 후 종자피식 문제에 대한 장기간의 연구가 필요할 것이라 사료된다.

Using Plant Source as a Buffering Agent to Manipulating Rumen Fermentation in an In vitro Gas Production System

  • Kang, S.;Wanapat, M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제26권10호
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    • pp.1424-1436
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    • 2013
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of banana flower powder (BAFLOP) supplementation on gas production kinetics and rumen fermentation efficiency in in vitro incubation with different ratios of roughage to concentrate in swamp buffalo and cattle rumen fluid. Two male, rumen fistulated dairy steers and swamp buffaloes were used as rumen fluid donors. The treatments were arranged according to a $2{\times}2{\times}3$ factorial arrangement in a Completely randomized design by using two ratios of roughage to concentrate (R:C; 75:25 and 25:75) and 3 levels of BAFLOP supplementation (0, 2 and 4% of dietary substrate) into two different kinds of rumen fluid (beef cattle and swamp buffalo). Under this investigation, the results revealed that the rumen ecology was affected by R:C ratio. The pH declined as a result of using high concentrate ratio; however, supplementation of BAFLOP could buffer the pH which led to an improvement of ruminal efficiency. BAFLOP supplementation affected acetic acid (C2) when the proportion of concentrate was increased. However, there were no effect on total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) and butyric acid (C4) by BAFLOP supplementation. The microbial community was affected by BAFLOP supplementation, especially the bacterial population. As revealed by real-time PCR, the populations of F. succinogenes and R. albus were reduced by the high concentrate treatments while that of R. flavafaciens were increased. The populations of three dominant cellulolytic bacteria were enhanced by BAFLOP supplementation, especially on high concentrate diet. BAFLOP supplementation did not influence the ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3$-N) concentration, while R:C did. In addition, the in vitro digestibility was improved by either R:C or BAFLOP supplementation. The BAFLOP supplementation showed an effect on gas production kinetics, except for the gas production rate constant for the insoluble fraction (c), while treatments with high concentrate ratio resulted in the highest values. In addition, BAFLOP tended to increase gas production. Based on this study, it could be concluded that R:C had an effect on rumen ecology both in buffalo and cattle rumen fluid and hence, BAFLOP could be used as a rumen buffering agent for enhancing rumen ecology fed on high concentrate diet. It is recommended that level of BAFLOP supplementation should be at 2 to 4% of total dry matter of substrate. However, in vivo trials should be subsequently conducted to investigate the effect of BAFLOP in high concentrate diets on rumen ecology as well as ruminant production.

영국정원에서의 색상중심의 재식설계방법 - 먼스태드 우드, 시싱허스트, 그레이트 딕스터, 히드콧 매너를 중심으로 - (A Study on the Method of Color-centered Planting Design in the English Gardens - Focusing on Munstead Wood, Sissinghurst, Great Dixter, Hidcote Manner -)

  • 박은영
    • 한국전통조경학회지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.102-112
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    • 2010
  • 정원의 재식설계(planting design)는 환경과 식물의 생리적인 특징을 파악하고, 그 식물이 가지고 있는 색채, 질감, 형태의 심미적인 호기심에서부터 출발하여 다른 식물들과의 관계를 어떻게 해야 하는지 결정해야 한다. 많은 디자이너들은 전통적으로 색상요소를 중점적으로 구상하는 경향이 있다. 본 연구는 제킬(Gertrude Jekyll)의 먼스태드 우드(Munstead Wood), 비타(Vita Sackvill-West)의 시싱허스트(Sissinghurst), 로이드(Christopher Lloyd)의 그레이트 딕스터(Great Dixter), 존스턴(Lawrence Johnston)의 히드콧 매너(Hidcote Manner)의 4개의 정원을 사례로 한다. 먼스태드 우드의 플라워 보더(flower border)는 끝에 연한 회색과 파란색을 식재하고, 중심으로 갈수록 화려한 빨간색과 오렌지색의 강한 클라이맥스를 만들고 있다. 기존에 등한시했던 흰색과 파란색을 사용하였다. 시싱허스트는 그 이전까지 거의 사용되지 않던 퍼플색(purple color)을 사용하였으며, 딕스터에서는 원래 놓여있던 마젠타색과 동시에 뚜렷한 오렌지색의 혼합으로 기존에 형성되어 있는 색에 대해서 충격을 느끼게 하고, 병치를 통해 원하는 효과를 이룰 수 있게 하였다. 히드콧 매너는 강력한 레드 보더(Red border)를 탄생시켰다. 4명의 작가들은 관찰자의 진행방향에 따라 섞이는 색의 배열, 색의 조절을 통해 정원이 실제보다 크거나 작게 느껴질 수 있는 공간체험을 위해서 색을 사용하였다. 인식 공간에서 주색상과 부차적 색상을 혼합하여 배열할 때, 감상자로 하여금 머릿속에 총체적으로 인식하는 기법을 사용하였다. 재식설계에서 시간은 계절을 유지하여 연출하자는 것으로 주제 색상을 전개할 때, 색상 그라데이션을 사용하거나 색상대비 효과를 유도한다. 또, 재식설계에서 공간은 색상의 구역을 정하는 방식으로 이루어졌다.

Molecular Biodesign of Plant Leaves and Flowers

  • Kim Gyung-Tae
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.137-142
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    • 2003
  • The morphology of the leaves and the flowers of angiosperms exhibit remarkable diversity. One of the factors showing the greatest variability of leaf organs is the leaf index, namely, the ratio of leaf length to leaf width. In some cases, different varieties of a single species or closely related species can be distinguished by differences in leaf index. To some extent, the leaf index reflects the morphological adaptation of leaves to a particular environment. In addition, the growth of leaf organs is dependent on the extent of the expansion of leaf cells and on cell proliferation in the cellular level. The rates of the division and enlargement of leaf cells at each stage contribute to the final shape of the leaf, and play important roles throughout leaf development. Thus, the control of leaf shape is related to the control of the shape of cells and the size of cells within the leaf. The shape of flower also reflects the shape of leaf, since floral organs are thought to be a derivative of leaf organs. No good tools have been available for studies of the mechanisms that underlie such biodiversity. However, we have recently obtained some information about molecular mechanisms of leaf morphogenesis as a result of studies of leaves of the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. For example, the ANGUSTIFOLIA (AN) gene, a homolog of animal CtBP genes, controls leaf width. AN appears to regulate the polar elongation of leaf cells via control of the arrangement of cortical microtubules. By contrast, the ROTUNDIFOLIA3 (ROT3) gene controls leaf length via the biosynthesis of steroid(s). We provide here an overview of the biodiversity exhibited by the leaf index of angiosperms. Taken together, we can discuss on the possibility of the control of the shapes and size of plant organs by transgenic approaches with the results from basic researches. For example, transgenic plants that overexpressed a wildtype ROT3 gene had longer leaves than parent plants, without any changes in leaf width. Thus, The genes for leaf growth and development, such as ROT3 gene, should be useful tools for the biodesign of plant organs.