• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.223-234
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information for future residential flooring planning by identifying differences in preference for flooring materials of livingroom by characteristics of housewives living in apartment housing and by describing their perception of residential flooring materials and by analyzing their degree of satisfaction with the current flooring materials of livingroom. For this purpose, a survey was conducted by 281 housewives who lives in apartment, and analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, factor analysis, χ² test, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range test. The results of the study were obtained as follows: 1) The most preferred flooring materials was wood in the livingroom. Also, most of the reasons for preferred this flooring materials were good for health and good texture. 2) As a result of typifying housewives' perceptions of residential flooring materials, it was classified into fashoin-pursuit type, personality-expression type, beauty-pursuit type, health-pursuit type and practicality-pursuit type. 3) In the degree of satisfaction with the current flooring materials of livingroom, wood showed the highest level of satisfaction. 4) Differences in the degree of satisfaction with the current flooring materials of livingroom by personal characteristics of residents were analyzed. As results, it was found that the group who were later stage of family life cycle and experienced in replacing the flooring materials showed higher degree of satisfaction with the current flooring materials of livingroom.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.122-135
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• 2009

The objective of this work was to research click profile of laminate flooring by comparison of click and bonding laminate floorings, especially base on the click profile shape, bonding strength and international patents. Non-glue locking system has been used since laminate flooring was developed. For the reason of environment and saving installation time, the manufacturer in Europe and USA has developed click profile for laminate flooring. Each manufacturer has patent on each click profile. Although each click profile has good lock strength as shape, Berryand Unilin company's click profile systems showed higher locking strength than others. Korean laminate flooring company pay the fee of patent for using European and American manufacturer's click profile. From this work, we grope Korean style laminate flooring and click profile through research on the click profile shape, bonding strength and patents of European and American manufacturers.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2018

For test on flooring board laminated with PVC decoration materials in order to replace the current surface materials such as HPL in decoration wood-based flooring board. the Results of comparison and analysis are as follows: For thermal conductivity, flooring board decorated with PVC did not show huge differences when temperature was rising and lowering compared to the flooring materials laminated with the existing HPL surface materials. It seems the most meaningful results for using it as indoor flooring materials. That is, in Korea where there is the culture focusing on ondol heating, use amount of heat energy and efficiency of flooring materials are very important and sensitive issues, involving immediately with household economy of final consumers, and it might be a criteria to judge basic performances required as flooring materials. As a result of the analysis on mandatory durability test items such as abrasion resistance, absorption width expansion rate, impact resistance, surface hardness, and impact absorption for flooring materials, compared to flooring board laminated with general HPL surface decoration materials, decoration wood-based flooring board laminated with PVC surface decoration materials which is higher abrasion resistance with smaller transformation and has better durability and impact absorption of the surface, is available for actual application as indoor flooring board, and for replacing surface decoration materials impregnated with heat-hardened resion such as HPL.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.32-39
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• 1996

The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the dimensional changes of melamine sheet laminated medium density fiberboard(MDF) floorings by sub-heating system(Ondol). This study was also conducted to improve the properties of melamine sheet laminated MDF floorings. The effects of density, resin content, manufacturing speed of MDF and types of melamine sheet on dimensional and weight changes of floorings were investigated. The results were as followings. 1. Dimensional and weight change of melamine sheet laminated MDF flooring by heating decreased with decreasing the density of MDF. 2. Dimensional and weight change of melamine sheet laminated MDF flooring by heating decreased with increasing the resin content of MDF. 3. Dimensional and weight change of melamine sheet laminated MDF flooring by heating decreased with decreasing the manufacturing speed of MDF. 4. Dimensional change of melamine sheet laminated MDF flooring in width direction by heating was doubled than that in machine direction. 5. Dimensional change and curling of high pressure melamine laminate(HPM) laminated MDF flooring by heating was less than those of low pressure melamine laminate(LPL) flooring. 6. Weight loss of melamine sheet laminated MDF flooring by heating has linear relationship with shrinkage.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2013

As the construction industry develops, environmental pollution gets increasingly serious, giving damage including the increase of incidence of respiratory diseases and skin diseases among children with weakened immune systems, rather than adults. In daycare centers, infants and children spending much of their time, have high frequency of contact with the interior floor finish material. However, the majority of the child care centers don not use eco-friendly flooring but ordinary monorium flooring, because the initial investment cost of the eco-friendly flooring is higher than ordinary monorium flooring. Therefore, in this study, life cycle costs including the initial investment cost of the eco-friendly flooring and ordinary monorium flooring were calculated, demonstrating that the eco-friendly flooring is more economical than ordinary monorium flooring in terms of life-cycle cost. In addition, the analysis of the environmental performance also showed the excellence of the eco-friendly floor finishes. It is expected that the use of the eco-friendly floor finishes will increase due to their excellence in the aspect of life cycle cost and eco-friendly performance, through this study.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2006

This research was carried out to examine the FIR (far-infrared rays) emissivity and emission power of five types of flooring board by the mixing ratio of charcoal and loess, and the physical property of five types of injected flooring board by the amount of mixture. Type D was appeared the most high value of FIR emissivity and emission power. But there was a little difference among the five types of flooring board values. In physical properties, control type flooring board and injected flooring board showed a similar tendency. Among the domestic trees, all of hard wood seems to be used to surface wood for strong hardness flooring board. But a coniferous tree was not.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.451-458
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• 2011

Adhesives derived from renewable resources allow wood panel producers to make lower cost alternatives to formaldehyde-based adhesive resins. Among them, adhesive components extracted from industrial by-products or wastes are the most important research fields in the efficient utilization of waste and cost reduction. In our study, the rapeseed flour, which is a by product from the production of biodiesel extracted from rapeseed, was introduced to develop alternative adhesives for the production of wood flooring. The rapeseed flour was hydrolyzed with 1% sodium hydroxide solution and PF prepolymers were prepared with 3-molar ratios, 1.8, 2.1 and 2.4. The linear fracture mechanics was introduced to evaluate the glue bond quality in wood flooring composed of fancy-veneered and plywood, and the formaldehyde emission and adhesive penetration were also investigated. The formaldehyde emissions of wood flooring met the requirement of the standard of $SE_0$ specified in the KS standard. The rapeseed flour adhesive penetrated sufficiently into the vessel elements and lumens in fancy veneer and plywood and gave strong bond quality to the wood flooring. The fracture mechanics was introduced to evaluate the adhesive joint between fancy veneer and plywood. The critical stress intensity factor ($K_{IC}$) of boliva overlayed wood flooring was increased with increasing molar ratio and this was the same tendency in oak overlayed wood flooring. From the results, the formulated adhesives were efficiently used to bond fancy veneer onto the plywood to make wood flooring and showed a potential to be used as a component of environmentally friendly adhesive resin systems for production of flooring.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.895-905
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• 2022

Composite flooring systems consisting of cold-formed steel joists and reinforced concrete slabs offer an efficient, lightweight solution. However, utilisation of composite action to achieve enhanced strength and economical design has been limited. In this study, finite element modelling was utilised to create a three-dimensional model which was then validated against experimental results for a composite flooring system consisting of cold-formed steel joists, reinforced concrete slab and steel bolt shear connectors. This validated numerical model was then utilised to perform parametric studies on the performance of the structural system. The results from the parametric study demonstrate that increased thickness of the concrete slab and increased thickness of the cold formed steel beam resulted in higher moment capacity and stiffness of the composite flooring system. In addition, reducing the spacing of bolts and spacing of the cold formed steel beams both resulted in enhanced load capacity of the composite system. Increasing the concrete grade was also found to increase the moment capacity of the composite flooring system. Overall, the results show that an efficient, lightweight composite flooring system can be achieved and optimised by selecting suitable concrete slab thickness, cold formed beam thickness, bolt spacing, cold formed beam spacing and concrete grade.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2008

The burning behaviors of board for flooring materials were investigated using cone calorimetry at an incident heat flux of $50kWm^{-2}$. Seven domestic flooring materials were used to observe the burning behavior of maximum heat release rate, total heat release and average heat release rate. The experimental data indicated that the medium density fiberboard (MDF) flooring had higher release rate than the other flooring materials. Also, the mass loss of MDF flooring was higher than the other floors. When measuring the smoke production from burning, PE fiberboard flooring and PVC Plastic Resin Sheet showed higher carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide yield than the others. The average smoke release of both carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide through specific extinction area was similar. Toxic smoke measurement from flooring materials were determined by the mouse stop motion, and the results indicated that MDF flooring contains more toxic material than the other flooring materials.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.30-37
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• 2008

We have performed the inflammability test for various flooring materials through a radiant heat panel tester by using the specification KSISO 9239-1 (an examination method of flooring materials) that has been set as an international standard for the fire prevention means of interior flooring materials. We have measured the flame spread distance, critical heat flux and smoke density generated by the fire of various flooring materials while using the radiant heat panel tester. The measurement result has shown the burning characteristics different from each other by the respective flooring materials and we could see that the surface materials and construction elements influence greatly on the heat release and smoke generation. We could see that the evaluation method above is an important test method in evaluating the critical heat flux, smoke generation and flame spread distance that are Important factors in studying for fire risks and it is judged that setting and applying a fire evaluation method of flooring materials suitable for the domestic construction use would be relevant.