• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 2013

Recently, an increase in the occurrence of sudden local flooding of great volume and short duration due to global climate changes has occasioned the significant danger and loss of life and property in Korea as well as most parts of the world. Such a local flood that usually occurs as the result of intense rainfall over small regions rises quite quickly with little or no advance warning time to prevent flood damage. To prevent the local flood damage, it is important to quickly predict the flood severity for flood events exceeding a threshold discharge that may cause the flood damage for inland areas. The aim of this study is to develop the NFI (New Flood Index) measuring the severity of floods in small ungauged catchments for use in local flood predictions by the regression analysis between the NFI and rainfall patterns. Flood runoff hydrographs are generated from a rainfall-runoff model using the annual maximum rainfall series of long-term observations for the two study catchments. The flood events above a threshold assumed as the 2-year return period discharge are targeted to estimate the NFI obtained by the geometric mean of the three relative severity factors, such as the flood magnitude ratio, the rising curve gradient, and the flooding duration time. The regression results show that the 3-hour maximum rainfall depths have the highest relationships with the NFI. It is expected that the best-fit regression equation between the NFI and rainfall characteristics can provide the basic database of the preliminary information for predicting the local flood severity in small ungauged catchments.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.185-196
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• 2008

The flash flood has been studied in the climatological aspect which considers temporal and spatial characteristics of rainfall. However, we have not interested in runoff hydrograph for flash flood study. Therefore, our objectives of this study are to apply a work of Bhaskar et. al (2000) which studied runoff hydrograph to represent the flash flood to Korea and also to distinguish flash flood event from general flood event. That is, we quantified the severity of flash flood by estimation of flash flood index using runoff hydrograph. This study estimated the flash flood index for investigating the relative severity of flash flood in Han river basin with 101 flood events. Also we quantified the flash flood severity for flood event by heavy rainfall occurred in July of 2006. As a result, Kangwon-do province showed more severe flash flood than other areas in Han river basin and urban area such as Jungrang cheon stream also showed severe flash flood. We analyzed a flash flood of July of 2006 by dividing July into 1st to 3rd terms. From the analysis we knew that the 1st term of July showed the severe flash flood was occurred in Seoul area and the 2nd term showed it was occurred in Kangwon-do province.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.125-131
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• 2009

The aim of this study is to quantify the severity of flash food for a study watershed in Korea by estimation of flash food index using flood runoff hydrograph following Bhaskar et. al (2000). As an extension of the previous research, we examine the relation between flash food index and rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, and total runoff, respectively. This study has estimated the flash food index through simulated flood hydrographs to investigate the relative severity of flash flood in an ungauged basin, Megok river basin for 31 flood events.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.11
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• pp.925-932
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• 2021

A drought-flood abrupt alternation event is an overlapping extreme event that is harder to cope with than a single event of drought and flood. It is also expected to have a significant adverse impact on ecosystems as well as industries and agriculture. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive study that characterizes the drought-flood abrupt alternation events in Korea. Therefore, this study employed a standard weighted average precipitation (SWAP) index, which is efficient to analyze not only individual events of drought and flood but also the drought-flood abrupt alternation events considering various time scales. The SWAP standardized the weighted average precipitation (WAP) by adding temporal weights to the precipitation. The SWAP indices were calculated for middle-sized watersheds of the Han River basin using the area average precipitation during 1966 and 2018. The severity K was calculated to represent the relative regional severity considering normal rainfalls, and used to characterize the drought-flood abrupt alternation in the study areas. The results indicated that 20 of the 30 middle-sized watersheds in the Han River basin were confirmed to increase the severity of drought-flood abrupt alternation over time. Considering the frequency and severity of drought-flood abrupt alternation events in each watershed, vulnerable areas and dangerous areas due to drought-flood abrupt alternation were identified, for example, the Upstream Namhan River (#1001).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.198-207
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• 2013

This study was to examine the effects of risk characteristic and risk perception on risk severity of natural disaster. The findings showed that the risk severity of natural disaster were classified into geographical disaster, storm and flood damage, drought damage. Typhoon among storm and flood damage showed high scores on risk severity of natural disaster. Moreover participants showed high scores on unfamiliar, undiscoverable, and unknown by scientific knowledge among risk characteristic of natural disaster. Second, risk characteristic was significantly correlated to risk perception. Third, risk characteristic influenced positively on risk severity of natural disaster. Especially, risk characteristic had great effect on storm and flood damage among natural disaster. Fourth, risk perception influenced positively on risk severity of natural disaster. Especially, risk perception had great effect on storm and flood damage among natural disaster.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.81-88
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• 2010

As there occurs recently and frequently a flash flood due to the climate change, a sudden local flood of great volume and short duration caused by heavy or excessive rainfall in a short period of time over a small area, it is increasing that significant danger and loss of life and property in Korea as well as the whole world. Since a flash flood usually occurs as the result of intense rainfall over small steep slope regions and has rapid runoff and debris flow, a flood rises quite quickly with little or no advance warning to prevent flood damage. The aim of this study is to quantify the severity of flash food by estimation of a flash flood index(FFI) from probability rainfall data in a study basin. FFI-D-F(FFI-Duration-Frequency) curves that present the relative severity of flash flood are developed for a study basin to provide regional basic information for the local flood forecasting and warning system particularly in ungauged catchments. It is also expected that FFI-D-F curves can be utilized for evaluation on flash flood mitigation ability and residual flood risk of both existing and planned flood control facilities.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.9
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• pp.725-736
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• 2009

A flood event can be defined by three characteristics; peak discharge, total flood volume, and flood duration, which are correlated each other. However, a conventional flood frequency analysis for the hydrological plan, design, and operation has focused on evaluating only the amount of peak discharge. The interpretation of this univariate flood frequency analysis has a limitation in describing the complex probability behavior of flood events. This study proposed a bivariate flood frequency analysis using a Gumbel mixed model for the flood evaluation. A time series of annual flood events was extracted from observations of inflow to the Soyang River Dam and the Daechung Dam, respectively. The joint probability distribution and return period were derived from the relationship between the amount of peak discharge and the total volume of flood runoff. The applicability of the Gumbel mixed model was tested by comparing the return periods acquired from the proposed bivariate analysis and the conventional univariate analysis.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.605-617
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• 2008

This study developed a flood index which evaluates runoff characteristics. Runoff characteristics expressed in a hydrograph were reflected in the flood index in the form of characteristic factors such as a rising curve gradient, a peak discharge, a flood response time, and a flood discharge volume prior to peak. This study applied the standardization method to estimate the relative severity of the characteristic factors by transforming the distribution of characteristic factors into the standard normal distribution. The flood index developed in this study is a comprehensive flood index (CFI) which makes up for the weak points of a flash flood index (FFI) in determining relative severities. The CFI was applied to Han River basin and Selma River basin, and was compared with the FFI based on the correlation analysis and the regression analysis. The CFI could comprehensively evaluate flood runoff characteristics because the CFI is not dominated by a specific characteristic factor, and the CFI could explain more efficiently the relationship between rainfall and runoff than the FFI.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.249-261
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• 2024

Climate change has intensified the severity of extreme floods, presenting substantial challenges to dam management and operation. Traditionally, flood control strategies for dam operations have been based on theoretical scenarios, such as designed floods, without taking into account downstream conditions. However, in practice, managing floods involves operating dams based on climate forecasts. This strategy encounters challenges due to the limited predictability of climate forecasts, which in turn leads to uncertainty in decisionmaking among dam managers. This study proposes a flood control approach for dam operations that involves gradually increasing the outflow, considering the operational constraints and potential downstream damage, based on inflow data. The effectiveness of this method was assessed through simulation, employing both a designed flood and data from the most significant historical flood. The dam operation strategy for flood control presented in this study provides a framework for dam operators, facilitating consistent decisionmaking in flood management by integrating realistic dam operational conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.247-263
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• 2000

Natural catastrophe is defined as all damages caused by natural phenomenon such as typhoon, flood, inundation, windstorm, tidal wave, tremendous snowfall, drought,earthquake and to on It is classified at a huge hazard because of the large severity ofdamage In Korea, Fire Insurance policy includet the coverage clauses and rates of naturalcatastrophe like'Flood , Inundation Coverage Clause'and'Earthquake Coverage Clause'These clauses and rates do not reflect accurate risk of flood, inundation and earthauakein Korea. because those are tariff from other countries Hence, we determine the claimsize distributions and the rates for typhoon coverage and flood-inundation coverage byusing statistical methods which have not been used so far in Korean non-life insurance,and calculate appropriate premium for policyholder's interest