• Title/Summary/Keyword: flocculant

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Flocculation Characteristics of Microalgae Using Chemical Flocculants (화학응집제를 이용한 미세조류의 응집 특성)

  • Kwon, Do-Yeon;Jung, Chang-Kyou;Park, Kwang-Beom;Lee, Choul-Gyun;Lee, Jin-Won
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.143-150
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    • 2011
  • The aim of the study was to optimize harvesting method for concentrating microalgae from microalgae mass culture. It is well known that the mass density of microalgae is usually very low and these are small size (5-20 ${\mu}m$) in the culture medium. It is essential that microalgae is harvested and concentrated economically for economical biodiesel production from microalgae. In this study, to determine optimized conditions for microalgae harvesting by chemical flocculation. Flocculation of three algae, Chlorella ellipsoidea, Dunaliella bardawil, and Dunaliella tertiolecta, was performed using various chemical flocculants, such as inorganic flocculants (aluminium sulfate, aluminium potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, ferric chloride, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium nitrite, and sodium aluminate), organic flocculant (polyacrylamide), and biopolymer flocculants (chitosan and starch). The results indicated that aluminium based inorganic flocculants is suitable for microalgae harvesting such as Chlorella ellipsoidea, Dunaliella bardawil, and Dunaliella tertiolecta. The results also recommended that flocculant doses, agitation speed, agitation time, sedimentation time for economical microalgae harvesting method using chemical flocculants.

Study on Magnetic Separation of Hot Roller coolant by Using Superconducting HGMS (초전도 HGMS를 이용한 열연 냉각수의 자기분리 연구)

  • Ha, Dong-Woo;Kim, Tae-Hyung;Oh, Sang-Soo;Park, Sung-Kook;Lee, Sang-Gil;Roh, Yu-Mi
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2007.06a
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    • pp.37-38
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    • 2007
  • It needs several large reservoirs and long time to remove suspended solid like steel fines and iron oxide in hot rolling coolant. If removing rate of suspended solid in rolling coolant is improved by using high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) system, the productivity of working process can be increased and the area of reservoir can be reduced. Pre-treatment process that react magnetic floc with inorganic and organic flocculant in coolant was studied. Horizontal type superconducting HGMS system was manufactured successfully, which was constituted with automatic filter transportation apparatus, 6 T He-free superconducting magnet system and water circulation system. The solid suspension removal ratio in hot rolling coolant was increased by flocculation with inorganic and organic flocculant.

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Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Characteristics from Domestic Sewage using Two Stage Membrane Bioreactor (2단형 막분리 활성슬러지법(Two Stage MBR)에서 내부순환율 변화와 응집제 첨가에 의한 질소 및 인제거 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jae-Roh;Lim, Hyun-man;Kim, Eoung Ho
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.131-140
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    • 2002
  • Laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor added alum into the anaerobic basin as a flocculant and adsorbent was carried out to find removal efficient of nitrogen and phosphorus components in the mixed liquid and weather or not maintaining the stability for the permeate flux and pressure at various internal recycle conditions. It was found that denitrification efficient of maximum 65% was obtained when the ratio of internal recycle was 3Q. Additionally when the ratio of internal recycle was fixed at 3Q, $BOD_5$ and T-P concentration of permeate was much more reduced compared to not added alum in anaerobic basin but T-N concentration of permeate was relatively increased. In case of added alum as the flocculant and adsorbent in anaerobic basin, the permeate flux was maintained above $10{\ell}/m^2/hr$ but the permeate pressure was relatively higher than alum was not added in anaerobic basin.

Operating Characteristics of Two Stage Membrane Bioreactor (2단형 막분리 활성슬러지법(Two Stage MBR)의 운전 특성에 관한 고찰)

  • Park, Jae-Roh;Lim, Hyun-man;Kim, Eoung Ho
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.141-150
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    • 2002
  • Two-stage membrane bioreactor using submerged hollow fiber membrane was applied in laboratory scale to treat nitrogen and phosphorus of domestic wastewater. Alum as the flocculant and adsorbent was added into the anaerobic basin of two-stage membrane bioreactor and mixed liquid of aerabic basin was recycled to the anaerobic basin for the purpose of nitrogen removal. Experiment was carried out to find removal efficient of phosphorous and nitrogen components in the mixed liquid, and the stability of the permeate flux and pressure of two-stage membrane bioreactor. In case of alum was added as the flocculant and adsorbent into the anaerobic basin, soluble phosphorus removal efficient was relatively higher and total permeate resistance(Rtot) was more increased out nitrogen removal efficient was lower as the result of lack of alkalinity and insufficient nitrification process than the case of alum was not added.

Application of activated carbon induced ballasted flocculation for improving activated sludge settleability (활성슬러지 침전성 향상을 위한 활성탄 가중응집제 적용 연구)

  • Kim, Yongbum;Yang, Hyeji;Choi, Younggun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.153-162
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    • 2021
  • The effects of activated carbon originated Ballasted Flocculant (BF) on the settleability of activated sludge and the recovery of BF by Hydro-cyclone (HC) were analyzed experimentally. Two kinds of BF (M-I: 125-250 ㎛, M-II: 250-425 ㎛ in dia.) and three kinds of activated sludges with different SS concentration (2,300-7,100 mg/L) were applied for this study. With the dosage variation of BF from 0.14 to 1.3 g-BF/g-SS, we could obtain 24-31% improvement in SV30 (Sludge Volume after 30min sedimentation) for the lowest SS concentration sludge (2,300 mg/L). Whereas the SV30 improvement was much higher as 44-48% for the highest SS concentration sludge (7,100 mg/L). The settling characteristics of the sludge with BF followed Vesilind model the best among three models (Vesilind, Takacs and Cho model). HC could effectively separate BF with the separation efficiency of 70-90% and over 95% separation efficiency could be obtained when the HC was applied twice.

Physicochemical Properties of a Biopolymer Flocculant Produced from Bacillus subtilis PUL-A (Bacillus subtilis PUL-A로부터 생산된 Biopolymer 응집제의 물리화학적 특성)

  • Ryu, Mi-Jin;Jang, Eun-Kyung;Lee, Sam-Pin
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.203-209
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    • 2007
  • Soybean milk cake (SMC) was used for the solid-state fermentation by Bacillus subtilis PUL-A isolated from soybean milk cake. In the presence of 5% glutamate the maximum production of biopolymer (59.9 g/kg) was performed by fermentation at $42^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr. The recovered biopolymer was consisted of 87% $\gamma$-polyglutamic acid with molecular weight of $1.3{\times}10^6$ dalton and other biopolymer. The biopolymer solution showed the great decrease in consistency below pH 6.0, regardless of the molecular weight of PGA. Biopolymer solution has a typical pseudoplastic flow behavior and yield stress. The consistency of biopolymer solution was greatly decreased by increasing heating time and temperature in acidic condition compared to the alkaline condition. In kaolin clay suspension, the flocculating activity of biopolymer was the highest value with 15 mg/L biopolymer and 4.5 mM $CaCl_2$, but decreased greatly with $FeCl_3$. The flocculating activity of biopolymer was maximum at pH5, but decreased drastically by heating at $60{\sim}100^{\circ}C$. In particular, biopolymer with native PGA showed the efficient flocculating activity compared to that of modified biopolymer containing low molecular weight of PGA.

Chitin Contents and Antibacterial Activity of Chitosan Extracted from Biomass (천연자원에서 추출한 키틴함량과 키토산의 항균활성)

  • 김기은;조문구
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.643-645
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    • 1994
  • Chitin and chitosan has been almost neglected until 1960s, although they are the second largest biomass on earth. Their major use were as a natural flocculant for waste-water treatment, and partially used in the areas of food, feed industry, cosmetics and medicine. Possible sources of chitin among biomass were tested, and antibacterial activity and viscosity-concentration relation- ship of diluted acidic solution were examined.

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Effect of Physicochemical Parameter on PASS-100 Flocculation (PASS-100을 이용한 응집처리시 물리.화학적 인자의 영향)

  • 이상일;서인석;박승국
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.30-35
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    • 1995
  • In this research effect of physicochemical parameter on flocculation using PASS-100 were evaluated. pEt flocculant dosage, mixing intensity and detention time were adopted as experimental variables. The physicochemical parameter( p% mixing intensity and mixing time ) were important Parameter on flocculation performance. Effluent pH range for effective flocculation was 4.5-7. Optimum Gt$_{d}$ range was 20,000-30,000 and its range similar to alum flucculation. Rapid mixing was very important parameter to floe formation in PASS- 100 flocculation. Whereas, slow mixing did not affect to the removal efficiency at settling time for 30minute or more.

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Precipitaion of Acid Mine Drainage Using Coagulants and Flocculants (유기 및 무기응집제를 이용한 산성광산배수 침전 연구)

  • Oh, Taek-Geun;Hwang, Won-Jeong;Lee, Jong-Un;Cha, Jongmun
    • Resources Recycling
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.3-10
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    • 2016
  • The passive treatment was required a large area for the treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD), and pollutants were discharged with mine drainage by the increased flow rate in summer. This study was performed to improve the turbidity and to precipitate the pollutants quickly using coagulants and flocculants in AMD of abandoned mine sites that were difficult to build the passive treatment system. The coagulant PAC (Poly aluminium chloride) and flocculant PAM (Polyacrylamide) were selected to improve turbidity in W mine waters. We also tested the particle size analysis, ICP-OES and/or SEM-EDS for water and sludge samples.