• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2008

This paper proposes a method to detect scene change using global decision tree that extract boundary cut that have width of big change that happen by camera brake from difference value of frames. First, calculate frame difference value through regional X2-histogram and normalization, next, calculate distance between difference value using normalization. Shot boundary detection is performed by compare global threshold distance with distance value for two adjacent frames that calculating global threshold distance based on distance between calculated difference value. Global decision tree proposed this paper can detect easily sudden scene change such as motion from object or camera and flashlight.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.760-770
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• 2008

Though flash images are in general less noisy and present details better than no-flash images, they may sometimes be unnaturally saturated to white/gray-tone and have ridiculously strong shadows around the foreground objects due to the strong flashlight. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to improve the color quality of the flash images by transfer of the color information of the same-scene no-flash images. The proposed algorithm preserves the vivid edges and the clean details of the flash image while transferring natural colors of the no-flash image, so that it makes the constructed images of the better subjective quality. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified by experiment which applied to the two types of images with different noise levels.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.112-120
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze whether quantitative evaluation of the color of the tongue substance using $L^*a^*b^*$ color coordinates system could minimize the problems arising from the different illuminating conditions or not. In controlled 4 different illuminating conditions (by natural light, flashlight, f-number, shutter speed),12 healthy subjects were photographed of their tongue substance through a digital camera (C-2100uz, Olympus Co.), both on the top surface and on the bottom surface of the tongue substance by two examiners, twice at 3 day intervals. Clinician evaluation was also performed grading the redness of the tongue substance in the form of 5-points scale by 6 clinicians. As a result, there was no significant difference in color differences between the color of the tongue substance and the reference red card in the 4 different illuminating conditions. Intra-rater reliability was satisfied and even though limitedly, inter-rater reliability was satisfied. Color differences were significantly correlated with the results by the clinicians, although they were applicable limitedly to specific illuminating conditions. Our results indicate that the application of the color differences in tongue diagnosis could not only evaluate the color information quantitatively, but also minimize the problems arising from the different illuminating conditions and that there was the significant difference in the visual evaluation of the red color of the tongue substance, both between the clinicians and between the illuminating conditions.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.12-16
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• 2013

In this paper, we proceeded a study about the mobile software applications using smartphone technology. Firstly, we proposed a communication which a position data transmission technique using LED flashlight with built-in smartphone and we develop the application to perform a remote controller for beam-forming communication based on visible light associated with the position of Smartphone user. OOK modulation was applied for transmitting location data via LED backlight flash of smartphone and PD is used for detecting receiving light. In case of remote controller application which was controlled by WiFi IP-networking and it controls LED direction for beam-forming communication. These suggestion can be a good example for ubiquitous position recognition system using smart phone and software.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.43 no.6 s.312
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• pp.83-91
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• 2006

Flashlights in video has many problem to detect the scene change because of high difference values from successive frames. In this paper propose the reliable scene change detection algorithms by extracting the flashlights. This paper proposes a robust scene change detection technique that uses the weighted chi-square test and the automated threshold-decision algorithms. The weighted chi-square test can subdivide the difference values of individual color channels by calculating the color intensities according to NTSC standard, and it can detect the scene change by joining the weighted color intensities to the predefined chi-square test which emphasize the comparative color difference values. The automated threshold-decision algorithm uses the difference values of frame-to-frame that was obtained by the weighted chi-square test. At first, The Average of total difference values is calculated and then, another average value is calculated using the previous average value from the difference values, finally the most appropriate mid-average value is searched and considered the threshold value. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms are effective and outperform the previous approaches.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.454-462
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• 2023

Flash lamp annealing (FLA) of metal nanoparticle (NP) ink has provided powerful strategies to fabricate high-performance electrodes on a flexible substrate because of its rapid processing capability (in milliseconds), low-temperature process, and compatibility with to roll-to-roll process. However, metal NPs [e.g., gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), etc.] have limitations such as difficulty in synthesizing fine metal NPs (diameter less than 10 nm), high price, and degradation during ink storage and FLA processing. In this regard, organometallic ink has been proposed as a material that can replace metal NPs due to their low-cost (usually 1/100 times cheaper than metal nano inks), low-temperature processability, and high material stability. Despite these advantages, the fabrication of flexible electrodes through FLA treatment of organometallic compounds has not been extensively researched. In this paper, we experimentally guide how to determine the optimal conditions for forming electrodes on flexible substrates by considering material parameters, and flashlight processing parameters (energy density, pulse duration, etc) to minimize the difficulties that may arise during the FLA of organometallic ink.