• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.499-514
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• 1996

Consider an additive regression model of Y on X = (X$_1$,X$_2$,. . .,$X_p$), Y = $sum_{j=1}^pf_j(X_j) + $\varepsilon$$, where $f_j$s are smooth functions to be estimated and $\varepsilon$ is a random error. If $X_j$s are fixed design points, we call it the fixed design additive model. Since the response variable Y is observed at fixed p-dimensional design points, the behavior of the nonparametric regression estimator depends on the design. We propose a fixed design called permutation fixed design, and fit the regression function by the kernel method. The estimator in the permutation fixed design achieves the univariate optimal rate of convergence in mean squared error for any p $\geq$ 2.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.28-37
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• 2000

In this paper the LNG vessel of the Moss type which is capable of lifting 15,261 tons is investigated in the view point of the pressure vessel preliminary design using the finite element method. The Pressure vessel design is based on the equivalent stress levels due to the internal pressure. The finite element model of the spherical pressure vessel is configured using 4 noded quadrilateral shell element. The finite element analysis program NASTRAN and ANSYS 5.5are implemented. The design is compared with the three kinds of the boundary condition : first, where the equator of the pressure vessel is fixed, and where the top and is fixed, and, the bottom end is fixed, respectively. A comparison is presented between the results obtained by the finite element model and by the prototype production model. Additionally just below position(case 1 & case 2) of equator ring was carried out by using ANSYS 5.5. The results show that the vessel design based on the stress is acceptable at the preliminary design.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.73-78
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• 1995

표본수를 결정하는 방법에는 크게 sequential design과 fixed sample size design이 있다. Fixed sample size design은 연구를 시행하기 전에 표본수를 합리적으로 결정하고 정해진 표본내에서 연구를 진행하는 방법이며, sequential design은 연구를 진행하면서 결과의 차이가 있는가 또는 없는가에 대해 미리 정해진 한계영역을 기준으로 계속적으로 연구대상을 추출하여 연구를 진행하는 방법이다. 여기서는 많이 사용되는 fixed sample size design에 대해서만 생각하기로 한다.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.169-177
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• 2015

The study aimed to classify the types of domestic dormitory furniture, and analyze the characteristics of each furniture type based on the empirical research methodology. The study consisted of literature review and field visit followed by survey and in-depth interview. The researchers collected 140 images of furniture from the web sites of 87 universities. Using affinity diagram, the dormitory furniture was classified into four different types: single fixed type, single semi-fixed type, multi fixed type, and multi semi-fixed type. The finding showed that the use of single fixed type was dominant in the domestic dormitory room, which had competitive price and easy maintenance. Both single fixed type and multi fixed type turned out to be lack of storage space. Meanwhile, both single semi-fixed type and multi semi-fixed type got the high value on the space efficiency due to the multi function. However, these two types could only be applied to a wide space enough for the furniture to be transformed and extended. The study analyzed the main characteristics of the dormitory furniture according to the type classification, and it is expected that this empirical study could work as a medium and database for the upcoming dormitory furniture design studies.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.15-27
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• 2021

Purpose: This study compares and analyzes the design drawing changes that occur during the design process between hospital design competition and the final detailed design. Based on this, factors that can reduce the rate of changes in drawings are derived. The purpose is to provide basic data to lessen the rate of the changes in the process of architecture design and can be reflected in the design competition guidelines. Methods: In this study, cases of hospitals are selected which are built in 5 recent years. Then compare and analyze the drawings which was drawn in the process from submission of competition to final design. After investigating the design changes that occur after the design competition, analyze the fixed-elements which are the main causes of design changes. Fixed-elements can be narrow down into few architecture-factors such as vertical-core, shafts, public-corridor, HAVC, and mechanical/electrical spaces. Results: Result of the rate of changes in each selected hospital floors can be sorted into variable-elements and fixed-elements which tells that the higher the rate of changes of the fixed-elements, the higher the rate of changes of the variable-elements. Implications: In other words, it can be said as the lower the change rates of the fixed-element, lower changes in whole design changes which represents that the greater the efficiency can be shown in the design process.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.61-72
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• 2004

In this paper, we design sampling inspections and service capacities simultaneously for multi-products. Particularly, we extend Kim(2003) by introducing the fixed cost of providing services. We show that, due to the fixed cost considered, the cost function of a product is no longer linear or convex in terms of the level of service provision, and the total inspection is prefered to the small level of service capacity which results in high burden of the fixed cost. And we develop a simple framework to deal with this joint design problem for a product. Also we consider the problem of allocating the given number of the total service capacities among products. A dynamic programming algorithm is developed to determine the optimal allocation which minimizes the overall total cost of the system and the optimal allocation can be obtained with the considerably smaller computations than the total number of possible allocations. The results can be used to support planning decisions and to aid the joint design of inspections and service capacities for products.

• KCID journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.64-76
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• 2012

Recently, it has been increased disaster of crops and agricultural facilities with climate change such as regional storm, typhoon. However agricultural facilities have unsafe design criteria of improving drainage corresponding to this change. This study has analyzed the impact that inundation area and magnitude of drainage-facility is decided based on fixed- and unfixed-duration precipitation by applying revised design criteria of drainage for climate change. The result was shown that 1-day and 2-days rainfall for 20-years return period has increased about 11.4%, 4.4% respectively by changing fixed- to unfixed duration. And the increase rate of design flood was 15.0%. The result was also shown that Inundation area was enlarged by 6.6% as well as increased inundation duration under same basic condition in designed rainfall between fixed- and unfixed-duration. According to the analysis, it is necessary for pump capacity in unfixed-duration to be increased by 70% for same effect with fixed-duration. Therefore, when computing method of probability precipitation is changed from fixed one to unfixed-duration by applying revised design criteria, there seems to be improving effect in drainage design. Because 1440-minutes rainfall for 20-years return period with unfixed-duration is more effective than 1-day rainfall for 30-years return period with fixed-duration. By applying unfixed-duration rainfall, capacity of drainage facilities need to be expanded to achieve the same effects (Inundation depth & duration) with fixed-duration rainfall. Further study is required for considering each condition of climate, topography and drainage by applying revised design criteria.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.65-80
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• 2017

Small aircrafts, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), are used especially for military purposes. Because landing fields are limited in rural and hilly places, take-off or landing distances are very important. In order to achieve a short landing or take-off distance many parameters have to be considered, for instance the design of aircrafts. Hence this paper represents a better design to enlarge the use of fixed wing aircrafts. The document is based on a live and simulated experiments. The various components of designed aircraft are enhanced to create short take-off distance, greater lift and airflow without the need for proper runway area. Therefore, created aerodynamics of the remotely piloted aircraft made it possible to use fixed wing aircrafts in rural areas.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.111-126
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• 2013

The structural design requirements of an offshore platform subjected to wave induced forces and moments in the jacket can play a major role in the design of the offshore structures. For an economic and reliable design; good estimation of wave loadings are essential. A nonlinear response analysis of a fixed offshore platform under structural and wave loading is presented, the structure is discretized using the finite element method, wave plus current kinematics (velocity and acceleration fields) are generated using 5th order Stokes wave theory, the wave force acting on the member is calculated using Morison's equation. Hydrodynamic loading on horizontal and vertical tubular members and the dynamic response of fixed offshore structure together with the distribution of displacement, axial force and bending moment along the leg are investigated for regular and extreme conditions, where the structure should keep production capability in conditions of the 1-yr return period wave and must be able to survive the 100-yr return period storm conditions. The result of the study shows that the nonlinear response investigation is quite crucial for safe design and operation of offshore platform.

• 전기의세계
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.46-54
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• 1974

The purposes of this paper are to deal with the design of m-input, m-output linear systems by the state variable feedback, and to extend the design capability of the state variable feedback design. The design requirements are decoupling and the exact realigation of desired transfer functions. Some methods are proposed to insert series compensators in the fixed plant in the cases when series compensators are needed to meet the input-output transfer matrix specification. The method for adding series compensators to the input channels of the fixed plant is shown by examples to lead both to the loss of the ability to decouple the augmented plant by the state variable feedback, and to the loss of desired zeroes. A method which avoids these two hazards is developed in which series compensators are put on the output channels of the fixed plant: it is proved that the augmented plant is F-invariant. By treating each subsystem individually, the designer can apply some of the previous developed knowledge of the state variable design of single-input, single-output systems.