• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1563-1569
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• 1999

본 연구는 분무건조를 이용한 향기성분의 미세캡슐화를 위해 maltodextrin(MD), gum arabic(GA),alkenylsuccinated modified starch(MS), gellan gum을 피복물질로 사용하여 배합비율을 최적화하는데 목표를 갖고 수행되었다. 핵물질은 특성이 다른 5종류의 향기성분을 채종유와 1 : 4의 비율로 혼합한 flavor model system으로 사용하였다. 예비실험을 통해 핵물질 : 피복물질의 비율을 1 : 4로 하였으며, MD함량은 30%로 고정하였다. GA : MS를 $2\;:\;8{\sim}8\;:\;2$의 비율로 제조하여 유화액에서의 특성을 분석한 결과, GA : MS = 4 : 6에서 유화안정성이 우수하였으며, flavor release가 가장 적었다 이 비율에 gellan gum을 $1{\sim}5%$ 첨가하여 실험한 결과, 4% 첨가한 것이 결과가 가장 우수하였다. 이상의 결과로 MD : GA : MS : gellan gum = 30 : 26.4 : 37.6 : 4의 배합비율이 분무건조를 이용한 향기성분의 미세캡슐화를 위한 피복물질의 최적 배합조건이었다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.351-364
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• 2011

Hot and spicy flavor grading in hot pepper powder for gochujang in various cultivars was studied using sensory and physicochemical characteristics. Chungyang, which had the highest capsaicin content had very low redness a value of 17.49 representing stronger red color does not relate to the stronger hot and spicy flavor. Sensory results showed that chungyang had significantly the highest value of hot and spicy aroma and flavor of 5.73 and 7.87, respectively(p<0.05). Although wurigun had the second highest capsaicin contents, it had relatively low hot and spicy aroma value as 3.87, some sweet flavor, and relatively low stingingness in the mouth value of 4.67, thus, comparatively weak hot and spicy flavor of 4.87 suggesting the difficulties in grading the hot and spicy flavor only by the capsaicin contents. Capsaicin content was highly positively correlated with the hot and spicy flavor, aftertaste and stinging flavor, and negatively correlated with the sweet flavor. In the principal component analysis, samples of chunyang, balita, and gumbit groups with greater hot and spicy aroma and flavor, were loaded in the first principal component. Classifying hot and spicy flavor of hot pepper powder for gochujang in various cultivars are suggested as 'very weak', 'weak', 'intermediate', 'strong', and 'very strong' with capsaicin contents under 40.00 mg/dL, 40~100 mg/dL, 100~150 mg/dL, 150~500 mg/dL, and those higher than 500 mg/dL, respectively. Since too many sample groups were located in the specific stages in the five stage grading, the nine staged classification is also suggested.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.1426-1434
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• 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Debaryomyces hansenii isolated from dry-aged beef on the tenderness and flavor attributes of low-grade beef during dry aging. Methods: Five D. hansenii strains were isolated from dry-aged beef samples. The rump of low-grade beef was inoculated with individual D. hansenii isolates and subjected to dry aging for 4 weeks at 5℃ and 75% relative humidity. Microbial contamination levels, meat quality attributes, and flavor attributes in the dry-aged beef were measured. Results: Of the five isolates, the shear force of dry-aged beef inoculated with SMFM201812-3 and SMFM201905-5 was lower than that of control samples. Meanwhile, all five isolates increased the total free amino acid, glutamic acid, serine, glycine, alanine, and leucine contents in dry-aged beef. In particular, the total fatty acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid contents in samples inoculated with D. hansenii SMFM201905-5 were higher than those in control samples. Conclusion: These results indicate that D. hansenii SMFM201905-5 might be used to improve the quality of beef during dry aging.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.442-446
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• 2005

관능특성이 우수한 밀가루의 제품생산 및 밀 품종 개량을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 국산 그루밀 원맥을 Buhler test mill로 제분하고, 각 제분부위별로 휘발성 향기성분을 검토하였다. 1. 제분부위에 따른 밀의 휘발성 향기성분은 배유층인 $B_1,\;B_2,\;R_1$ 및 $R_2$층과 바깥층인 겨층과 배아간에 정성적인 차이는 없었으나 정량적인 차이는 있었다. 2. 겨층 및 배아층은 배유층에 비하여 m-xylene, n-butanol의 조성이 매우 높았다. 3. 밀에서 냄새의 지표화합물인 $C_6-aldehyde$류와 $C_{6-8}-alcohol$류의 조성은 제분부위에 따라 차이가 있었으며, 배유층 내부인 $B_1,\;B_2,\;R_1$층보다 바깥층인 $R_2$층에서 조성이 높았다. 따라서 $R_2$층이 $B_1,\;B_2,\;R_1$층에 비하여 관능적으로 보다 우수할 것으로 추정되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.563-567
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• 1998

Volatile flavor components of edible portion of leek(Allium tuberosum R.) were extracted by SDE(simultaneous steam distillation and extraction) method using the mixture of n-pentane and diethylether (1 : 1, v/v) as an extract solvent and analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. Identification of the volatile flavor components was mostly based on the RI of GC and mass spectrum of GC/MS. A total of sixty-five components from leek extract were classified as 28 sulfur-containing compounds, 12 aldehydes, 9 alcohols, 4 lactones and esters, 3 acids and hydrocarbons, and 2 miscellaneous compouds. The sulfur-containing compounds were predominant in leek extract. Dimethyl disulfide(19.47%) and dimethyl trisulfide(17.38%) were the main compounds and trans-1-propenyl methyl disulfide, trans-2-hexenal and methyl allyl disulfide were also detected large amounts in leek.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2002

The comparison of the volatile flavor components from Korean and Japanese Satsuma mandarin (C. unshiu Marcov. forma Miyagawa-wase) peel oils, isolated by cold-pressing, was performed by gas chromatography, mass-spectrometry and gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). Eighty-five volatile components were identified in each oil by GC and GC-MS. Forty-three components were detected in each oil by GC-O. The total amount of monoterpene hydrocarbons was 95.88% (Korean mandarin) and 95.29% (Japanese mandarin). Limonene, ${\gamma}$-terpinene, myrcene and $\alpha$-pinene were the main components of the cold-pressed oils from the both samples. The volatile composition of the Japanese mandarin was characterized by a higher content of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, especially bicyclogermacrene, $\alpha$-humullene and valencene. The volatile composition of two samples can easily be distinguished by the percentages of aldehydes, ketones and esters, which were found at higher levels in the Japanese mandarin. The sweet and fruity flavor was stronger in the Korean mandarin oil while herbaceous flavor was stronger in Japanese sample. From GC-O data it is suggested that the sweet and fruity flavor of the Korean mandarin resulted from terpinolene and linalool, and the herbaceous note of the Japanese mandarin from $\alpha$-humullene, nepal, ι-carvone and perill aldehyde.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 1997

This study aims to determine the optimal picking time and the favorate variety for Ume processing. The changes of physicochemical components and flavors of 6 varieties of the Ume were investigated during maturing. Average weight of the fruit increased to the range of 151-292% from 70 days to 90 days after blooming. The hardness of fruit decreased during maturing and Koume variety was not suitable for processing among the last harvesting samples. Moisture and ash were reached to 89-91%, 0.57-0.69%, respectively, and the ash content increased during maturing. Among the Ume varieties, relatively high content of total acid was observed in Oshuku and Koume. The major organic acid were malic, citric, succinic, and tartaric acid. The content of malic acid decreased significantly, whereas citric acid increased during maturing. Thirty five kinds of flavor components were identified from the Ume fruit and main components were ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and organic acid derivatives. Koume contained a large amount of flavor components among the Ume and the content increased during maturing.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.441-450
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• 2022

This study explored the effects of milk flavor (MF) supplementation on growth efficiency, nutrient absorption, fecal score, and blood profiles in weaning piglets. A total of 80 (21 days old) crossbred ([Yorkshire × Duroc] × Landrace) healthy weaned piglets with an initial body weight (BW) of 7.05 ± 1.22 kg were randomly allotted to one of two nutritive treatments with 8 repetitions and five pigs (2 female and 3 male) per pen. The experiment was divided into 2 phases (d 0 - 21, and d 21 - 42), and the dietary treatments consisted of TRT1, basal diet, TRT2 and basal diet + 1.0 g·kg^-1 MF. At days 21 - 42 and the overall period, the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) increased (p < 0.05) by receiving the MF added feed. However, MF inclusion did not impact (p > 0.05) the feed efficiency (G : F) throughout the entire experiment. Piglets consuming the MF supplemented diet showed that the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N) and energy (E) did not vary significantly (p > 0.05) between the treatments. All through the experiment, the fecal score and blood profile of the piglets fed the flavor diet also remained unaffected (p > 0.05). In conclusion, MF addition to the diet of the piglets increased their body weight and had no adverse effects on nutrient utilization, fecal score, and blood profile. Thus, MF addition could improve the performance outcomes of weaning piglets.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.322-328
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• 1999

동시증류추출장치를 사용하여 획득한 수박(Citrullus vulgaris S.)과 참외(Cucumis melo L.)의 휘발성 향기성분을 기체크로마토그래피로 분리하여 질량분석법으로 동정하였다. 수박에서 분리동정된 37종의 화합물로는 16종의 alcohol 류, 15종의 aldehyde 류, 2종의 ester류, 2종의 ketone 류와 기타 2종의 화합물이 확인되었다. 전체 상대적 농도의 68.66%를 차지한 alcohol 류가 수박의 주요 향기성분이었으며, 불포화 $C_{9}$ 화합물인 (Z)-3-nonen-1-ol, (Z,Z)-nonadien-1-ol, (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, (E)-2-nonenal이 특징적 향기성분으로 나타났다. 참외에서 분리동정된 55종의 화합물로는 26종의 ester 류, 16종의 alcohol 류, 10종의 aldehyde 류와 기타 3종의 화합물이 확인되었으며, 전체 상대적 농도의 63.8%를 차지한 ester류가 참외의 주요 향기 성분으로 나타났다. 이 중에서 (Z)-3-nonenyl acetate, (Z)-6-nonenyl acetate와 (Z,Z)-3,6-nonadienyl acetate, $C_{9}$-불포화 ester 류가 중요한 향기성분이었으며, 황함유 ester 류인 ethyl (methylthio)acetate, ethyl 3-(methylthio) propanoate 또한 참외의 향기에 중요한 역할을 하는 화합물이었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.176-187
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• 1988

모과의 휘발성 flavor 성분은 상압 수증기 증류법에 의해서 추출되었으며, 추출된 휘발성 flavor 성분은 중성, 염기성, 약산성 및 산성구분으로 분획되었다. 분획된 4구분중 산성 구분은 carboxylic acid를 동정하기 위하여 diazomethane법에 의해서 methyl ester화 시켰다. 각 구분중에 함유되어 있는 휘발성 flavor 성분은 fused silica capillary column을 장치한 고분해능 GC 및 GC-MS에 의해서 분리 동정하였다. 모과의 수증기 증류유출액으로부터 얻어진 휘발성 flavor 농축액 중에서 총 145성분이 동정되었으며, 이들은 지방족 탄화수소 3성분, 환상 탄화수소 1성분, 방향족 탄화수소 4성분, terpene 탄화수소 9성분, alcohol 17성분, terpenealcohol 3성분 phenol 6성분, aldehyde 21성분, ketone 7성분, ester 28성분, 산 27성분 furan 3성분, thiazole 2성분 acetal 2성분 lactone 3성분 및 기타 9성분이었다. Carboxylic acid를 제외한 나머지 휘발성 flavor 성분의 대부분은 중성구분으로부터 동정되었다. 중성구분은 다른 구분보다 상당히 높은 수득량을 나타내었으며, 관능검사의 결과에서도 중성 구분은 모과의 방향성을 재현시키기 위해서 필요불가결한 것으로 나타나다. 관능검사용 GC에 의해서 얻어진 결과에 의하면 1-hexanal, cis-3-hexanal, trans-2-hexanal, 2-methyl-2-hepten-6-one, 1-hexanol, cis-3-hexanol, trans, trans-2, 4-hexadienal 및 trans-2-hexanol은 풋 냄새의 주성분으로 생각된다. 한편으로, ester 화합물은 모과의 과일 냄새의 주성분인 것으로 생각된다.