• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.591-598
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• 2011

This paper presents dynamic analysis of FCEV(fuel cell electric vehicle) turbo blower. To analyze the dynamic characteristics of turbo blower, FEA(finite element analysis) and experimental test are performed. Evaluations of stress safety for rotor sleeve and impeller due to rotational force and shrink fit are performed. Rotor dynamic analysis is conducted by Campbell diagram and structure vibration analyses are performed using FEA and experimental test. Through these results, noise sources of turbo blower are verified.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2000

콘택트 렌즈를 피팅하는 경우 각막곡율에 따른 렌즈의 베이스커브 및 직경의 영향을 고찰하기 위하여 각막곡율별로 stainless steel ball 및 wood ball 모형안을 사용하여 피팅 시뮬레이션을 시도하였다. 완전구면체인 steel ball에 대한 피팅은 대부분 flat fitting으로 관찰되었지만 건성안에 대한 피팅 관찰용의 정량적인 모형안으로는 적합하였다. 사람의 안구와 유사한 형태의 wood ball에 대한 렌츠피팅의 형상은 실제 안구에 대한 피팅 형상과 결과가 거의 유사하였다. 콘택트렌즈의 최적 피팅(normal fitting)에 요구되는 각막곡율과 베이스커브(B.C)의 관계는 다음과 같이 정리할 수 있다. 즉 각막곡율 7.6mm 이하에서는 B.C 8.4mm, 각막곡율 7.6~7.8mm에서는 B.C 8.4~8.5mm, 각막곡율 7.8~8.1mm에서는 B.C 8.6mm이다. 또한 평균 각막곡율이 7.6mm일 때 안구돌출이 심한 경우 피팅 렌즈의 B.C는 정상안(7.6mm 각막곡율)의 B.C보다 0.1~0.3mm 더 커야 하는 것으로 관찰되었다. 지나치게 얇은 렌즈를 건성안 모형에 피팅한 결과 심하게 휘거나 뒤틀리는 현상이 발생하였다. Wood ball 모형안에 대한 피팅 결과는 비교적 실제안구에 대한 결과와 대부분 일치하지만 실제 순목 현상에 따른 피팅 상태의 변화를 감지할 수 없는 결점이 있다. 따라서 이 문제점을 포함하여 실제안구에 미치지 못하는 기타 문제점을 보완한다면, wood ball은 콘택트렌즈의 피팅에 따른 물리화학 및 유체역학적인 해석에 활용할 수 있는 좋은 도구(모형안)가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.1961-1968
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• 2010

2003년 Betts는 효율적인 투사검사 기법의 일환으로 FSA(얼굴자극검사: Face Stimulus Assessment)를 개발하였다. 이 논문에서는 Betts가 제안한 FSA 척도들을 색칠의 정확도, 색상의 적합도, 형상의 인식도, 묘사의 정밀도, 공간의 활용도의 다섯 가지로 분류하고 이를 객관적으로 평가하는 컴퓨터 알고리즘을 개발한다. 본 알고리즘은 눈, 입 술, 머리카락 등의 FSA 평가에 주요한 요인의 영역을 설정하고, 대표색 및 색의 비율을 통해 각 척도들의 등급을 산출한다. 그리고 이차 가중 Kappa 값을 통해 미술치료 전문가의 평가와 컴퓨터 알고리즘의 평가 간의 일관성을 보이고, 이를 통해 본 알고리즘의 적합성을 검증한다. 이 논문은 FSA를 평가함에 있어 미술치료사의 주관이나 경험 또는 직관에 따른 불확실성을 극복하고 객관성과 일관성을 제공하여 그림을 통한 투사검사의 신뢰성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2014

The present research aimed at researching the relationships among place attachment, residential evaluations and satisfaction in a medium-sized post-communist Romanian city. Studies on post-communist cities are scarce and this research tried to fill that gap. This research is part of a government project that intended to significantly reform three medium-sized cities in the Western part of Romania and transform the urban space. Since the three of them are relatively small-sized and close spatially, the project intends to undertake massive reforms of the communications and services of the three cities. In this article, we report findings on the city of Hunedoara. A representative random sample was selected, and a total of 384 people were interviewed, with an overall reliability of the sample of 95%. The instruments used to gather the data were the Neighbourhood Perceived Environmental Quality Scale and a composite measure of place attachment was also included. The structure of each scale was checked using exploratory factor analysis. We tested alternative causal models using structural equations modelling. Our model showed a good fit to the data and explains satisfaction in the city adequately. Results show that satisfaction is directly predicted by the general evaluation of the city and by residential privacy. Residential noise and place attachment influence satisfaction indirectly. The results are discussed and some policy recommendations are formulated.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2021

Objective: Considering the importance of dairy farming and the negative effects of heat stress, more tolerant genotypes need to be identified. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of heat stress via temperature-humidity index (THI) and diurnal temperature variation (DTV) in the genetic evaluations for daily milk yield of Holstein dairy cattle, using random regression models. Methods: The data comprised 94,549 test-day records of 11,294 first parity Holstein cows from Brazil, collected from 1997 to 2013, and bioclimatic data (THI and DTV) from 18 weather stations. Least square linear regression models were used to determine the THI and DTV thresholds for milk yield losses caused by heat stress. In addition to the standard model (SM, without bioclimatic variables), THI and DTV were combined in various ways and tested for different days, totaling 41 models. Results: The THI and DTV thresholds for milk yield losses was THI = 74 (-0.106 kg/d/THI) and DTV = 13 (-0.045 kg/d/DTV). The model that included THI and DTV as fixed effects, considering the two-day average, presented better fit (-2logL, Akaike information criterion, and Bayesian information criterion). The estimated breeding values (EBVs) and the reliabilities of the EBVs improved when using this model. Conclusion: Sires are re-ranking when heat stress indicators are included in the model. Genetic evaluation using the mean of two days of THI and DTV as fixed effect, improved EBVs and EBVs reliability.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.97-121
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• 2015

In this research, we examine whether and why temporal distance influences evaluations of two different types of brand extensions: concept-based extensions, defined as extensions primarily based on the importance or relevance of brand concepts to extension products; and similarity-based extensions, defined as extensions primarily based on the amount of feature similarity at the product-category level. In Study 1, we test the hypothesis that concept-based extensions are evaluated more favorably when they are framed to launch in the distant rather than in the near future, whereas similaritybased extensions are evaluated more favorably when they are framed to launch in the near rather than in the distant future. In Study 2, we confirm that this time-dependent differential evaluation is driven by the difference in construal level between the bases of the two types of extensions - i.e., brand-concept consistency and product-category feature similarity. As such, we find that conceptbased extensions are evaluated more favorably under the abstract than concrete mindset, whereas similarity-based extensions are evaluated more favorably under the concrete than abstract mindset. In Study 3, we extend to the case for a broad brand (i.e., brands that market products across multiple categories), finding that making accessible a specific product category of a broad parent brand influences evaluations of near-future, but not distant-future, brand extensions. Combined together, our findings suggest that temporal distance influences brand extension evaluation through its effect on the importance placed on brand concepts and feature similarity. That is, consumers rely on different bases to evaluate brand extensions, depending on their perception of when the extensions take place and on under what mindset they are placed. This research makes theoretical contributions to the brand extension research by identifying one important determinant to brand extension evaluation and also uncovering its underlying dynamics. It also contributes to expanding the scope of the construal level theory by putting forth a novel interpretation of two bases of perceived fit in terms of construal level. Marketers who are about to launch and advertise brand extensions may benefit by considering temporal-distance information in determining what content to deliver about extensions in their communication efforts. Conceptual relation of a parent brand to extensions needs to be emphasized in the distant future, whereas feature similarity should be highlighted in the near future.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.729-741
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• 2007

In order to examine the characteristics of brassiere products for the 1924 generation brands on the market and grasp problems, we selected three 'comparative brassieres', each one from among the 1924 underwear brands with the highest recognition and sales profit, and then designed a 'sample brassiere' pattern(75A) with a similar shape to the comparative brassieres. We set up the "New Cup Grading Rule" with a view of reflecting the wearing effect that was varied according to cup sizes, graded the sizes of 75AA and 75B with this method, and made the sample brassieres in three sizes. We conducted the wearing evaluation and body measurements of 9 subjects after analyzing the patterns and characteristics of the sample brassieres and three comparative brassieres. As a result of the wearing evaluation, the sample and comparative brassiere 2, the dimensions and shapes were appropriate for the 1924 generation consumers and expressed an overall natural silhouette, showed satisfactory results in the entire evaluation questions. On the other hand, the comparative brassiere 1 and 3 that tended toward making a big change in the physical characteristics got unsatisfactory evaluations in the dimensions of the cups, clothing pressure, and bust silhouette. As a result of observing the variation in body dimensions by body measurements when nude and when wearing each brassiere and then summing it up with the score of the wearing evaluation, it was proven that too much change in body shape can create a negative image by upsetting the balance of the whole silhouette. Therefore, it is desirable to develop brassiere products with proper dimensions and clothing pressure that can make a physical change that harmonizes the overall bust silhouette and the position and shape of the breasts.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2016

To develop baseball catcher leg guards, 3-dimensional (3D) methodologies, which are 3D human body data, reverse engineering, modeling, and printing, optimized guard design for representative positions. Optimization was based on analysis of 3D body surface data and subjective evaluation using 3D printing products. Reverse engineering was used for analysis and modeling based on data in three postures: standing, $90^{\circ}$ knee flexion, and $120^{\circ}$ knee flexion. During knee flexion, vertical skin length increased, with the thigh and knee larger in anterior area compared to the horizontal dimension. Moreover, $120^{\circ}$ knee flexion posture had a high radius of curvature in knee movement. Therefore, guard designs were based on increasing rates of skin deformation and numerical values of radius of curvature. Guards were designed with 3-part zoning at the thigh, knee, and shin. Guards 1 and 2 had thigh and knee boundaries allowing vertical skin length deformation because the shape of thigh and knee significantly affects to its performance. Guard 2 was designed with a narrower thigh and wider knee area than guard 1. The guards were manufactured as full-scale products on a 3D printer. Both guards fit better in sitting than standing position, and guard 2 received better evaluations than guard 1. Additional modifications were made and an optimized version (guard 3) was tested. Guard 3 showed the best fit. A design approach based on 3D data effectively determines best fitting leg guards, and 3D printing technology can customize guard design through immediate feedback from a customer.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.485-498
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• 2020

Sanitary pads are used with for the sanitization of menstruation bleeding. In this research, twenty medium size disposable sanitary pads were selected from domestic and international brands in order to analyze their shape and size. Additionally, 6 sanitary pads were selected among the 20, and user experience evaluations were completed. The analysis on the shape of the 20 sanitary pads showed that straight-shape pads existed more than curved-shape pads. The means of total pad length, wing length, wing width, front pad width, back pad width, front pad length, and back pad length were 24.5 cm, 8.8 cm, 3.0 cm, 10.0 cm, 10.2 cm, 11.6 cm, and 13.0 cm, respectively. All selected pads were medium size; however, detailed sizes varied between brands. Eighty-one women participated on user experience evaluation. Participants felt that brand F was the longest and brand D the shortest. The results matched with the results on actual pad length measurement. Participants evaluated the fit of brand E most positively and fit of brand A most negatively. The current study provides valuable information for developing disposable sanitary pads.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.835-845
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• 2015

This study aims to suggest the proper ease for slim-fit jackets according to the number of buttons from a one-button jacket to four-button jackets for men in their 30's. The researchers carried out both an appearance evaluation and movement functionality evaluation. The results are as follows: When conducting the appearance evaluations, meaningful differences were found. The one-button jacket showed high scores for the 7.5 cm ease. The two-button jacket and the three-button jacket showed high scores for the 10.5 cm ease. The four-button jacket showed a high score for the 13.5 cm ease. Next, the results of the movement functionality evaluation showed the same trend; as the ease was increased from 7.5 cm to 13.5 cm, the scores increased. This is because if the garments offer more ease, this gives room for actions. Additionally, it showed that if there were fewer jacket buttons, then the results showed a high score. The researchers believe that if the number of jacket buttons is lower, then the area of the V-zone increases, so that there is more room for movement. The study suggests a proper chest ease of 7.5 cm for the one-button jacket, 10.5 cm for the two-button jacket and three-button jacket, and 13.5 cm for the four-button jacket, respectively.