• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.111-122
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• 1990

To investigate the relationship of skeletal maturity among the normal occlusion group and each malocclusion groups, the author used hand and wrist X-ray of 133 Korean 13 year old boys (normal occlusion 30, Class I malocclusion 35, Class II malocclusion 35 and Class III malocclusion 33) and assessed their skeletal maturity. In this study, fourteen skeletal maturity stages were selected from; Radius, Hamate, Pisiform, Ulnar sesamoid of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the first thumb, proximal phalanges of the first, second and third finger, middle and distal phalanx of the third finger. The difference of skeletal maturity of each malocclusion groups in relative to normal occlusion group and that of each malocclusion groups were analyzed. The findings of this study can be summerized as follows: 1. Average skeletal maturity stage of each groups were MP3cap stage in normal occlusion group, H-2 stage in Class I malocclusion group, midstage between S and H-2 stage in Class II malocclusion group, MP3cap stage in Class III malocclusion group. 2. There was no significant difference in skeletal maturity of Class I malocclusion and Class III malocclusion groups in relative to normal occlusion group. 3. There was significant retardation of skeletal maturity in Class II malocclusion group in relative to normal occlusion group. 4. There was no significant difference in skeletal maturity between Class I and Class II malocclusion groups. 5. There was no significant difference in skeletal maturity between Class I and Class III malocclusion groups. 6. There was significant retardation of skeletal maturity in Class II malocclusion group in relative to Class III malocclusion group.

• 초등상담연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.99-122
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of a career education program during a discretional activity class in elementary school. It established the following questions to achieve the objectives. First, does a career education program In a discretional activity class have an effect on elementary schooler's career maturity? Second, does a career education program in a discretional activity class make an influence on elementary schooler's self-concept? To settle these subjects, it assigned two classes in 5th grade of A elementary school, city of Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, experiment group and control group. It was applied the experiment group a career education program. As for measurement, it was used career maturity level test for elementary and middle schoolers' and 'the self-concept diagnostic test'. It was examined career maturity and self-concept of the groups through the pre-test post-test, applying cross-tabulation analysis to career choices pattern and t-test to career maturity level and self-concept. The results were as follows: First, students of experiment group showed meaningful differences in career choice pattern, career choice attitude, and career choosing skills compared to control group, and that presented a career education program made a positive impact on elementary schooler's career maturity. Second, it showed that there was a significant difference in self-concept, showing students of experiment group took better place. it is believed that a career education program had a potent influence on the self-concept of elementary students.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.305-314
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• 1997

Nineteen clones of Jerusalem Artichoke (JA) from several countries were collected through the series of experiments about JA started in 1979. Collected clones were screened for adaptibility in Korea and showed introduction path way. The results about an ecological response of collected clones including flowering, tuberization, biomass production, sugar contents and grouping of collected clones for use of genetic material were as follows; 1. Nineteen clones collected were ffom Korea(2), Japan(l), USA(Z), Canada(2), France(4), Germany(7), and USSR(1). 2. Through the characteristics of top collected clones were divided to the types of branch-non branch, short and long plant height, and early and late maturity. Tuber characteristics were mainly grouped to the types of white skin color-violet skin color, clusters-single unit, round-elongate, and knotty-smooth. 3. Total sugar yields 6-om top at flowering time were 490 - 630kgl10a and 6-om the tuber were 420 -490 kg/ IOa through the high yielding clones. The top-high yielding clones were Mammoth French White, Fuseau 60, Nahodka, and JA3. The higher tuber yields were got from the clones of D- 19, Colombia, Bianka and Mammoth French White. 4. Collected clones were grouped to three and first group was characterized to early maturity and short plant height and second group to medium and finally, third group to late maturity and high plant height. 5. High yielding of top was 6-om the I group of early maturity and short plant height and high yielding of tuber h m III group of late maturity and high plant height.

• 초등상담연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.49-71
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a career group counseling program on the career maturity and achievement motivation of elementary school underachievers. This study targeted the fifth grader underachievers. Twenty underachievers, whose pre-test homogeneity in career maturity and achievement motivation was verified, were allocated to an experimental group and a control group by 10 underachievers each. The program was conducted for a total of 12 sessions, twice per week, and each session lasted 80 minutes. For verification of the program effects in this study, MANOVA and ANOVA were carried out for pre- and post-score tests between the groups, and repeated-MANOVA and paired t-test were peformed to look into the changes within a group by using SPSS/WIN(version 12.0) in terms of statistical analyses. The findings in this study are as follows: First, as a result of post test for the experimental and control groups, and difference verification of post and pre-tests within the experimental group, both career maturity and sub-factors of career maturity demonstrated significant differences. Second, as a result of difference verification of the pre- and post-tests within the experimental group, achievement motivation significantly improved, but there was no statistically significant difference in achievement motivation in the post-test of experimental and control groups. However, of the sub-factors of the achievement motivation, self-confidence and Interest in the long-term future significantly improved. Third, we can see that the career group counseling program provided opportunities for the underachievers to search their own character, interest, and aptitude, and broadly encounter the world of occupations. Also, we can infer that the underachieves had active and developmental attitudes towards future dreams and their current efforts. As noted above, the career group counseling program proved that it has a positive effect to the improvement of the elementary school underachievers' career maturity and achievement motivation in some variables.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.336-340
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• 1999

Age at maturity was studied in 661 Nili Ravi buffaloes maintained at six dairy farms in Pakistan. The mean age at maturity in the overall data from the six farms was $976.49{\pm}9.2$ days. Significantly lower mean age at maturity $(957.93{\pm}10.68\;days)$ was observed at Military Dairy Farm, Khyber Okara, Military Daiiy Farm, Punjnad and Livestock Research Station, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad (Group I) compared to $(1015.26{\pm}17.39\;days)$ other three Military Dairy Farms, Peshawar, Nowshera and Rawalpindi (Group II). The advantages associated to early age at maturity were as following. Male and female calves were heavier $(38.35{\pm}0.17\;and\;31.84{\pm}15kg,\;respectively)$ in Group I as compared to $(29.27{\pm}0.26\;and\;26.27{\pm}0.26kg)$ in Group II. Milk yield per lactation was significantly higher in Group I $(1912{\pm}12\;lit.)$ as compared to $(1833.36{\pm}16.56\;lit.)$ in Group II. Lactation length was significantly longer $(284.41{\pm}1.23\;days)$ in Group I as compared to $(277.77{\pm}2.02\;days)$ in Group II. Dry period and service period were significantly shorter $(241.59{\pm}4.18\;and\;217.05{\pm}4.95\;days,\;respectively)$ in Group I as compared to $(306.39{\pm}78\;and\;280.95{\pm}9.32\;days)$ in Group II. The mean age at first calving and sex ratio were low ($1282.75{\pm}10.14$ days and 100 ♀ ♀:130.7 ♂ ♂) in Group I as compared to ($1308.7{\pm}16.44$ days and 100 ♀ ♀:152.15 ♂ ♂) in Group II but the differences were non significant.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 대학생들의 진로상담 프로그램 실시 전후의 진로 성숙도차이 검증을 통하여 향후 대학생들의 진로 상담 프로그램 개발 및 대학의 진로 지도의 방향 설정의 기초가 되고자 한다. 검증결과 우선 대학생 진로상담프로그램을 적용한 실험집단이 적용받지 않은 통제집단에 비해 진로태도성숙 수준이 향상되었다. 진로태도성숙 변화량의 집단간 T-test 결과는 진로태도성숙 전체에 대하여서도 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 세부 요인으로서는 확신성과 독립성에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.137-153
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 자원봉사활동 경험(동기, 지속성, 만족도, 내용)을 독립변수로 진로의식 성숙도(결정성, 관여성, 독립성, 성향성)을 종속변수로 설정하여 각 하위요인에 대한 평균차이와 영향력을 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 부산시내 중 고등학교에 재학 중인 2학년 학생을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문지법 조사가 이루어졌다. 519사례가 최종분석에 사용되었으며 이중 청소년 자원봉사활동의 경험이 있는 376명을 대상으로 자원봉사 활동과 진로의식 성숙간의 영향 관계를 알아보았다. 본 연구를 통해 나타는 결과는, 첫째, 자원봉사활동 경험은 청소년의 진로의식 성숙도에 영향을 미쳤다. 즉, 자원봉사활동 경험이 있는 집단이 없는 집단에 비해 진로에 대한 관심과 관여 수준이 더 높으며, 진로 및 직업에 대한 가치수준이 더 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 자원봉사활동 경험은 진로의식 성숙에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 자원봉사활동 동기가 이기적인 경우, 자원봉사활동 만족도가 높을수록, 자원봉사활동을 많이 할수록 진로의식성숙도가 높았다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 1992

Effects of the gardening program on the mentally retarded persons were assessed on the inadaptive behavior and the social maturity for 1 to 2 years and 2 months in Seoul Welfare Center for the Mentally Retarded. The results were as follows; 1. The mentally retarded persons treated with the gardening program for 1 to 2 years and 2 months showed and improvement of the inadaptive behavior as compared with the pre-gradening program. The second(the enervation and the social isolation) and fourth (the excessive behavior and the deviant behavior) sects among the four of Inadaptive Behavior Checklist showed and improvement of the inadaptive behavior. And first sect(crying, excitement, and anger) of Inadaptive Behavior Checklist greatly showed and improvement of the inadaptive behavior. 2. The mentally retarded persons were improved in their social maturity through the gradening program for 1 to 2 years and 2 months as compared with pre-gradening program. Both a social age and social quotient were quite a bit increased. 3. Females showed improvment in the inadaptive behavior and the social maturity by the gardening program when compared to males, but the difference between male and female was not striking. 4. Both the higher IQ group from 55 to 70 and the lower IQ group from 40 to 54 showed improvment in the inadaptive behavior by the gardening program, but the difference between two groups was not obvious. However, the higher IQ group through the gardening program increased the social maturity more than the lower IQ group. 5. In both the gardening program periods for 1 to 1 year and 2 months and those for 2 years and 2 months the inadaptive behavior and the social maturity showed an improvment when compared to pre-gardening program, but the difference between two groups was not conspicuous.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2013

We investigated the gametogenic cycle and spawning seasons of the male Chlamys (Azumapecten) farreri nipponensis by qualitative and quantitative analyses, and also the size at 50% of group sexual maturity was calculated by the data of first sexual maturity. In this study, the male gametogenic cycle of this species by qualitative analysis was divided into five successive stages: early active stage (January to March), late active stage (March to April), ripe stage (April to August), partially spawned stage (July to September), and spent/inactive stage (August to January). The male gametogenic cycle showed similar patterns with monthly changes in the gonadosomatic index and condition index. Particularly, spawning in male scallop occurred once a year from July to September, unlike the spawning period of this species (from June to August) reported by the previous researchers. In quantitative statistical analysis using an image analyzer system, the patterns of monthly changes in the percent (%) of the areas occupied by spermatogenic stages to the testis areas in males showed a maximum in June, and then sharply dropped from July to September, 2006. From these data, it is apparent that the spawning season of C. (A.) farreri nipponensis occurred once per year from July to early September, indicating a unimodal gametogenic cycle during the year. Shell heights at 50% of group sexual maturity (RM50) fitted to an exponential equation were estimated to be 49.90 mm in males (considered to be one year old), and it was 100% for male scallops over 61.0 mm (considered to be two years old).

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.285-296
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• 2014

본 연구는 간호학과 신입생을 위한 간호입문교육 콘텐츠를 개발하고, 교과목으로서 적용이 간호학과 신입생의 진로태도성숙과 자기효능감에 미치는 효과를 파악하기 위해 시도되었다. 연구 대상은 K대학교 간호학과 신입생으로 연구 목적을 이해하고 참여하기를 동의한 129명이 참여하였다. 연구 방법은 단일군 사후 사전 실험설계 연구로 수집된 자료는 SPSS 15.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 대상자의 간호입문교육 콘텐츠 적용 전 후의 진로태도성숙과 자기효능감의 차이는 paired t-test로 분석하였다. 또한 진로태도성숙과 자기효능감의 상관관계를 Pearson's correlation으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과 간호입문교육 콘텐츠 적용은 간호학과 신입생의 진로태도성숙(t=2.36, p=.002)과 자기효능감(t=2.92, p=.004)을 상승시켜 주었고, 진로태도성숙과 자기효능감의 상관관계에서는 통계적으로 유의한 강한 양의 상관관계를(r=.609, p<.001) 보였다. 이러한 연구 결과 간호입문교육 콘텐츠를 하나의 교과목으로 이용하여 간호학과 신입생의 학교생활 적응을 돕는 방법으로 활용할 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 ICT를 활용한 다양한 교수학습법과 간호교육 콘텐츠 개발을 제언한다.