• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.94-100
• /
• 2021

In general, the industrial complex is a place where factories of various industries are concentrated. It is only as efficient as it is designed. However, the risks vary as there are various industries. These features are also associated with various types of disasters. The dangers of natural disasters such as a typhoon, flood, and earthquake, as well as fire and explosions, are also latent. Many of these risks can make stable production and business activities difficult, resulting in massive direct and indirect damage. In particular, decades after its establishment, the vulnerabilities increase even more as aging and small businesses are considered. In this sense, it is significant to assess the vulnerability of the industrial complex. Thus analysing fire and explosion hazards as stage 1 of the vulnerability evaluation for the major potential disasters for the industrial complex. First, fire vulnerabilities were analyzed quantitatively. It is displayed in blocks for each company. The assessment block status and the fire vulnerability rating status were conducted by applying the five-step criteria. Level A is the highest potential risk step and E is the lowest step. Level A was 11.8% in 20 blocks, level B was 22.5% in 38 blocks, level C was 25.4% in 43 blocks, level D was 26.0% in 44 blocks, and level E was 14.2% in 24 blocks. Levels A and B with high fire vulnerabilities were analyzed at 34.3%. Secondly, the vulnerability for an explosion was quantitatively analyzed. Explosive vulnerabilities were analyzed at 4.7% for level A with 8 blocks, 3.0% for level B with 5, 1.8% for level C with 3, 4.7% for level D with 8, and 85.8% for level E with 145. Levels A and B, which are highly vulnerable to explosions, were 7.7 %. Thirdly, the overall vulnerability can be assessed by adding disaster vulnerabilities to make future assessments. Moreover, it can also assist in efficient safety and disaster management by visually mapping quantified data. This will also be used for the integrated control center of the N-Industrial Complex, which is currently being installed.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.66-74
• /
• 2016

In this study, we have discussed and illustrated the security issues of WiMAX technology including vulnerabilities, threats and some security solution. Both physical layer and data link layer have been considered. Jamming is a major threat in physical layer, and in data link layer we study an authentication problem and see the problem of some unencrypted messages leading to lack of confidentiality. Some of these vulnerabilities have been solved in the recent amendment of 802.16 and some still remain. Moreover WiMax is a new technology yet.

• 국제강구조저널
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.1470-1481
• /
• 2018

Building-level response to post-earthquake fire hazards in steel buildings has been assessed using primarily two-dimensional analyses of the lateral force resisting system. This approach may not adequately consider potential vulnerabilities in the gravity framing system. For this reason, three-dimensional (3D) finite element models of a 10-story case study building with perimeter moment resisting frames were developed to analyze post-earthquake fire events and better understand building response. Earthquakes are simulated using ground motion time histories, while Eurocode parametric time-temperature curves are used to represent compartment fires. Incremental dynamic analysis and incremental fire analysis procedures capture a range of hazard intensities. Findings show that the structural response due to earthquake and fire hazards are somewhat decoupled from one another. Regardless of the level of plastic hinging present in the moment framing system due to a seismic event, gravity column failure is the initiating failure mode in a fire event.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2006

본 논문은 화재 수신기와 유도등과 연결된 제어부가 화재 탐지 시 무선 신호에 의해 비상문이 자동으로 열리도록 하여, 평상시에는 방범기능을 하고 비상시에는 긴급대피기능도 할 수 있는 방범, 방재용 비상문 자동 개폐시스템을 개발하는데 있다. 이 자동 개폐 시스템은 비상문 개폐에 관한 문제점을 안고 있는 기존의 모든 건물에 사용될 수 있으며, 특히 화재 위험성이 큰 취약대상 건물, 다중 이용업소 등, 특히 옥상 출입문에 대한 관리가 용이하지 못한 아파트 및 고층 건물에 수요가 확산 될 수 있다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.882-889
• /
• 2021

연구목적: 저소득계층의 주거공간인 고시원을 중심으로 화재안전성의 향상이라는 부분에 목적을 두었다. 연구방법: 화재 발생 및 피해 과정에서 나타나는 문제점을 다시 한 번 검증하는 한편, 사각지대에 대한 제도적인 논의를 통해 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. 연구결과: 고시원화재의 위험성을 살펴본 결과, 객실 내부에서 발생하는 화재발생 원인은 다양하게 나타날 수 있으나 좁은 객실로 인한 열축적에 의한 복사열 가능성이 높고 의류 및 가재도구 등으로 인해 화재 확산 가능성도 상당하다는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 이는 내부에 가급적 많은 인원을 수용하려고 하다 보니 좁은 실내공간의 열악한 내부 구조가 화재 확산 및 피해 규모에 상당한 영향을 미치고 있다는 것이 재확인되었다. 결론: 간이스프링쿨러 미설치된 고시원에 대하여는 조속히 설치가 완료 될 수 있도록 정부 및 자치단체의 더욱 강력한 추진력이 필요한 반면, 고시원의 구조특성상 나타나는 공간적, 구조적 화재취약성에 대하여 어떻게 개선할 것인가에 대한 논의가 필요할 것이다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.138-145
• /
• 2023

연구목적: 건축물의 노후화에 따른 보수, 보강 건축물의 증가에 따라 기 보강된 건축물에 화재가 발생시 화재 후 구조물에 미치는 영향성을 분석하여 보수, 보강대책의 기준을 마련하고자 한다. 연구방법: 콘크리트 배합설계에 의한 공시체를 제작하여 28일 양생 후 압축기를 통해 압축강도 측정 및 파괴를 유도후 에폭시로 보수, 보강하여 3일 양생 후 일부공시체를 재 압축강도시험을 실시하여 강도 복원 정도를 파악하고 보수, 보강한 나머지와 보수, 보강하지 않은 공시체를 실험용 전기로에 넣고 시간, 온도별로 가열한 후 압축강도를 실험하여 화재의 영향성을 추정함. 연구결과: 항복된 공시체를 에폭시로 보강한 후 실험용전기로에 넣어 가열을 시간별로 온도의 차이를 주어 실험한 결과 높은 온도에서 열 영향을 받는 시간이 길면 길수록 강도의 저하가 발생함을 알 수 있었고 보수, 보강되지 않은 공시체보다 더 강도 저하가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 이를 토대로 볼 때 에폭시 수지로 보수, 보강된 건축물이 화해를 입을 때는 일반 보수되지 않은 건축물보다 더 위험함을 알 수 있었으므로 화재에 대한 안정성을 고려하였을 때 보수보강 표면에 내화피복재 등을 도포하는 등 화재 취약에 대비하여야하겠다.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.18-26
• /
• 2022

한국 정부는 열사용기자재(산업용 보일러)의 폭발, 화재에 대한 위험과 안전한 사용 및 관리를 고려하여 에너지이용합리화법에 따라 열사용 기자재(산업용 보일러) 검사를 수행하고 있다. 이 연구는 열사용기자재(산업용 보일러)에 대한 검사 결과 데이터를 통해 안전 및 성능 취약점을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 이 연구는 2016년 1월부터 2020년 12월까지의 열사용기자재(산업용 보일러) 불합격 검사결과인 1,249건을 조사하였다. 연구방법은 불합격률 분산 수치가 높은 보일러 타입별 불합격 사유와 검사 방법별 불합격 사유를 통계적으로 분석하는 것이다. 안전 및 성능 취약점 카테고리는 18가지로 축약되었으며, 각 카데코리별 주요 불합격 원인은 검사원들의 의견을 추가 분석하여 제안하였다. 이 연구가 열사용기자재(산업용 보일러)의 안전 및 성능 취약점을 다루는데 기초 자료가 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
• /
• 제55권3호
• /
• pp.274-280
• /
• 2018

This paper deals with the calculation of vulnerable areas of critical components required for the assessment of naval ship's vulnerability. Taking into account the effectiveness of threatening weapons, the probability density function of damage was used to assess vulnerable areas or vulnerabilities of critical components. It is shown that the vulnerable area of critical component can be simply computed from the damage function. Considering the weapon effectiveness of fragmentation and explosion on the target, both Carleton Damage Function and Rectangular Cookie Cutter Function representing the probability of damage are applied to the vulnerable area assessment. Carleton damage function is utilized to describe the weapon-target interaction in the vulnerability analyses. A problem of blast effect against an assumed naval ship is chosen as a case study. Vulnerability is evaluated by applying the suggested method to the equipments arranged in the engine room of the virtual ship.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.145-155
• /
• 2014

Since greenhouse gas emissions increase continuously, the authorities have needed climate change countermeasure for adapting the acceleration of climate change damages. According to "Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth", Korean local governments should have established the implementation plan of climate change adaptation. These guidelines which is the implementation plan of climate change adaptation should be established countermeasure in 7 fields such as Health, Digester/Catastrophe, Agriculture, Forest, Ecosystem, Water Management and Marine/Fisheries. Basically the Korean local governments expose vulnerable financial condition, therefore the authorities might be assessed the vulnerability by local regions and fields, in order to establish an efficient implementation plan of climate change adaptation. Based on this concepts, this research used 3 methods which are LCCGIS, questionnaire survey analysis and analysis of existing data for the multiphasic vulnerable assessment. This study was verified the correlation among 7 elements of climate change vulnerability by 3 analysis methods, in order to respond climate change vulnerability in rural areas, Seocheon-gun. If the regions were evaluated as a vulnerable area by two or more evaluation methods in the results of 3 methods' comparison and evaluation, those areas were selected by vulnerable area. As a result, the vulnerable area of heavy rain and flood was Janghang-eup and Maseo-myeon, the vulnerable area of typhoon was Janghang-eup, Masan-myeon and Seo-myeon. 3 regions (i.e. Janghang-eup, Biin-myeon, Seo-myeon) were vulnerable to coastal flooding, moreover Masan-myeon, Pangyo-myeon and Biin-myeon exposed to vulnerability of landslide. In addition, Pangyo-myeon, Biin-myeon and Masan-myeon was evaluated vulnerable to forest fire, as well as the 3 sites; Masan-myeon, Masan-myeon and Pangyo-myeon was identified vulnerable to ecosystem. Lastly, 3 regions (i.e. Janghang-eup, Masan-myeon and Masan-myeon) showed vulnerable to flood control, additionally Janghang-eup and Seo-myeon was vulnerable to water supply. However, all region was evaluated vulnerable to water quality separately. In a nutshell this paper aims at deriving regions which expose climate change vulnerabilities by multiphasic vulnerable assessment of climate change, and comparing-evaluating the assessments.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.22-32
• /
• 2019

On offshore platforms, oil and gas leaks are apt to be the initial events of major accidents that may result in significant loss of life and property damage. To prevent accidents induced by leakage, it is vital to perform a case-specific and accurate risk assessment. This paper presents an integrated method of Ddynamic Qquantitative Rrisk Aassessment (DQRA)-using the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL)-Bayesian Network (BN)-for evaluation of the system vulnerabilities and prediction of the occurrence probabilities of accidents induced by leakage. In the method, three-level indicators are established to identify factors, events, and subsystems that may lead to leakage, fire, and explosion. The critical indicators that directly influence the evolution of risk are identified using DEMATEL. Then, a sequential model is developed to describe the escalation of initial events using an Event Tree (ET), which is converted into a BN to calculate the posterior probabilities of indicators. Using the newly introduced accident precursor data, the failure probabilities of safety barriers and basic factors, and the occurrence probabilities of different consequences can be updated using the BN. The proposed method overcomes the limitations of traditional methods that cannot effectively utilize the operational data of platforms. This work shows trends of accident risks over time and provides useful information for risk control of floating marine platforms.