• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제14권7호
• /
• pp.3223-3231
• /
• 2013

주민의 안전한 생활을 보장할 수 있는 소방서비스를 충분히 제공하기 위하여 지방재정인 소방예산을 증가시킬 필요성이 있다. 그런데 소방예산을 증가시킬 수 있는 하나의 방법은 소방의 목적세인 지역자원시설세를 개편하는 것이다. 이 연구의 목적은 지역자원시설세와 소방예산, 소방사업비예산, 사회 경제적 요인, 소방수요 간의 관계를 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 과거의 연구와 이론적 분석을 통하여 5가지 가설들을 설정하였다. 이 가설을 검증하기 위한 통계적 방법은 회귀분석과 t검증이다. 가설의 검증 결과, 지역자원시설세는 소방예산과 소방사업비 예산에 유의적인 정의 관계를 보이고 있었으며, 사회 경제적인 요인도 지역자원시설세에 유의적인 정의 관계를 보였다. 또한 소방수요 변수 중에서 화재, 구조변수가 지역자원시설세에 유의적인 관계를 보이고, 구급, 잠재적 수요변수는 유의적이지 않았다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제52권4호
• /
• pp.253-263
• /
• 2015

Ordinary Portland cement is a widely favored construction material because of its good strength and durability and its reasonable price; however, spalling behaviour during fire exposure can be a serious risk that can lead to strength degradation or collapse of a building. Geopolymers, which can be synthesized by mixing aluminosilicate source materials such as metakaolin and fly ash, and alkali activators, are resistant to fire. Because the chemical composition of geopolymers controls the properties of the geopolyers, geopolymers with various Si:Al ratios were synthesized and evaluated as fire resistant construction materials. Rejected fly ash generated from a power plant was quantitatively analyzed and mixed with alkali activators to produce geopolymers having Si:Al ratios of 1.5, 2.0, and 3.5. Compressive strength of the geopolymers was measured at 28 days before and after heating at $900^{\circ}C$. Geopolymers having an Si:Al ratio of 1.5 presented the best fire resistance, with a 44% increase of strength from 29 MPa to 41 MPa after heating. This material also showed the least expansion-shrinkage characteristics. Geopolymer mortar developed no spalling and presented more than a 2 h fire resistance rating at $1,050^{\circ}C$ during the fire testing, with a cold side temperature of $74^{\circ}C$. Geopolymers have high potential as a fire resistant construction material in terms of their increased strength after exposure to fire.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.69-86
• /
• 2007

The fire department has one of the most important role as public resources of response to disasters in the aspect of supply and the adequate distribution of resources of response is essential, but the distribution of the response capability to disaster of fire department does not reflect the regional hazard vulnerability and hazard risks. Researchers performed database process with simple mapping based on the regional fire disaster response capability and the regional hazard vulnerability and hazard risks. The cities and towns are divided to four types each, total eight types and relative threat ratios are extracted from every type. The fire disaster response capability was extracted from number of firemen and fire vehicles in defined region. The distribution of the fire disaster response capability was inadequate and not matching to relative threat especially in small cities and some types of towns. The regional relative threat and resources should be analyzed by more delicate mapping and software development in the future.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.105-115
• /
• 2017

PURPOSES : The occurrence of unexpected disasters, including fire events, increases as the road network becomes complicated and traffic volume increases. When a fire event occurs on and under bridges, the damage extensively influences direct damage to structures, vehicles, and human life and secondary socioeconomic issues owing to traffic blockage. This study investigated potential fire-hazard risks on bridges of the Korean national route road. METHODS : The investigation was conducted using field investigation and analysis with satellite pictures and road views from commercial websites and the Bridge Management System (BMS). From the filed investigation, various potential fire resources were identified. The satellite pictures and road views were helpful in measuring and recognizing conditions underneath bridges, stowage areas, etc. RESULTS : There are various potential fire resources underneath bridges such as piled agricultural products, parked petroleum tanks, construction equipment, and attached high-voltage cables. A total of 94.6% of bridges have underneath clearances of less than 15 m. A bridge underneath volume that can stow a potential fire hazard resource was $7,332m^3$ on average, and most bridges have about $4,000m^3$ of space. Based on the BMS data, the amounts of PSC and steel girders were 29% and 25%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : It was found that the amount of stowed potential fire hazard resources was proportional to the underneath space of bridges. Most bridges have less than 15 m of vertical clearance that can be considered as a critical value for a bridge fire. The fire risk investigation results should be helpful for developing bridge fire-protection tools.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study is to improve the National Fire Mobilization Plan. This plan is a national-level comprehensive response system aimed to compensate for scarce firefighting resources and minimize damage from large-scale disasters that exceed the response limits of city and province firefighting forces. As such, relevant literature and domestic and foreign firefighting mobilization standards were reviewed, and simulations of firefighting mobilization were performed using the QGIS program to compare and analyze cases. Results showed that, as opposed to the current method of issuing mobilization orders by dividing resources according to city and province, recognizing the entire country as a single entity and prioritizing the mobilization of adjacent firefighting resources is more effective in terms of minimizing time and distance and more quickly securing resources. Regarding national firefighting mobilization, recognizing the country's firefighting resources as a whole will allow adjacent firefighting resources to be mobilized with priority. However, the mobilization-related limits of each region need to be set to respond to local disasters. Once the scale of mobilization is determined, a system that can quickly calculate how to mobilize firefighting resources based on location and distance can be established. Additionally, it is necessary to create an integrated management system so the central government can directly organize and mobilize local firefighting resources.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
• /
• pp.537-540
• /
• 2004

Space-borne multi-sensor data could provide fire scar and bum severity mapping. This paper will present detail mapping of burnt areas in Cheongyange Yesan of Korea with ETM+ image. Burn severity map based on ETM+ image was found to be affected by strong topographic illumination effects in mountainous forest area. Topographic effect is a factor which causes errors in classification of high spatial resolution image like IKONOS image. Minnaert constants J( in each band of ETM+ image is derived for reduction of mountainous terrain effects. Finally, this paper computes quantitative analysis of forest fire damage by each forest types.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제33권6호통권134호
• /
• pp.8-16
• /
• 2005

산불로 인해 발생한 소나무 피해목은 귀중한 자원으로 활용가치가 있지만 과학적 근거가 없는 일반적 속설 때문에 이용이 기피되고 있다. 본 연구는 산불피해목의 산업적 활용에 필요한 재질을 평가하기 위해 수행하였다. 2000년 동해안에서 발생한 산불피해지에서 산불피해 소나무를 피해등급 "심", "중", "경"으로 구분하여 공시목으로 채취하고, 이들에 대한 물리적, 역학적, 화학적 특성을 조사하여 건전재와 비교하였다. 피해목의 육안적 현미경적 특성은 피해등급에 따른 차이가 없었다. 역학적 성능과 화학적 조성분의 비교에서도 건전재와 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 이러한 연구결과로부터 산불 발생 직후 산불피해목의 산업적 이용에 요구되는 재질상의 제약요인은 없는 것으로 판명되었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제95권2호
• /
• pp.160-167
• /
• 2006

Most of the forest fires that occur in South Korea are caused by human. We partitioned South Korea into nine districts and used observed weather data and daily fire occurrence records for the 1994 to 2003 period to develop a human-caused fire occurrence model of South Korea. Logistic regression analysis techniques were used to relate the probability of a fire day to Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC) component of the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System. The probability of the number of fire day was increased as FFMC increased in the nine districts of South Korea.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제102권3호
• /
• pp.415-419
• /
• 2013

산불로 인한 피해를 최소화하기 위해서는 대형산불 가능성이 있는 산불에 대해 초기 단계에서부터 진화자원을 집중해야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 산불 발생 초기에 대형화 여부를 판정할 수 있는 모형을 개발하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 132건의 산불에 대해 피해 규모를 현장조사하고, 발화지를 중심으로 100 ha 이내의 기상, 지형, 연료인자를 분석하였다. 그리고 분석 내용을 로지스틱 회귀식을 적용한 결과, 산불은 온도, 풍속, 무강우일수, 경사변이, 산림면적이 높을수록 대형화되었으며, 고도는 낮을수록 그 확률이 높았다. 본 모형을 사용하면 산불 발생 초기에 대형화 여부를 판단할 수 있으므로, 초기 진화자원의 규모와 지역 주민 대피 결정에 근거 자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제99권2호
• /
• pp.163-171
• /
• 2010

Forest fires have potentials to change the structure and function of forest ecosystems and significantly influence on atmosphere and biogeochemical cycles. Forest fire also affects the quality of public benefits such as carbon sequestration, soil fertility, grazing value, biodiversity, or tourism. The prediction of fire occurrence and its spread is critical to the forest managers for allocating resources and developing the forest fire danger rating system. Most of fires were human-caused fires in Korea, but meteorological factors are also big contributors to fire behaviors and its spread. Thus, meteorological factors as well as social factors were considered in the fire danger rating systems. A total of 298 forest fires occurred during the fall season from 2002 to 2006 in South Korea were considered for developing a logistic model of forest fire occurrence. The results of statistical analysis show that only effective humidity and temperature significantly affected the logistic models (p<0.05). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the probability of randomly selected fires ranges from 0.739 to 0.876, which represent a relatively high accuracy of the developed model. These findings would be necessary for the policy makers in South Korea for the prevention of forest fires.