• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 1990

A survey of Popju Temple district. was conducted using 70 sample plots of 500$m^2$ size. The classification by TWINSPAN and DCA ordination were applied to the study area in order to classify them into several groups based on woody plants and environmental variables. By both techniques. the plant com-munity were divided into six groups by the altitude and soil moisture. The successional trends of tree species seem to be from Pinus densiflora, Sorbus alnifolia through Quercus serrata to Carpinus laxiflora and from P. densiflora, Fraxinus sieboldiana through Q. mongolica in the canopy layer, and from Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, Rhus trichocarpa, Zanthoxylum schnifolium through Rhododendron mucronulatum, Corylus sieboldiana, Lindera obtusiloba, Magnclia sieboldii to Euonymus sieboldianus in the understory and shrub layer. The species diversity of the plant community in the burnt plot was decreased by the forest fire but the importance values of Quercus species were increased in above plot.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 1985

This report is a part of the investigations of the secondary vegetation successions carried out and the analysis of soil properties in the burned areas of forest. The fires-crown fire and surface fire-were occurred at April, 1978 and February, 1984. The investigations were carrited out from August 10. 1983 to September 25, 1984. The burned areas studied are located in southern slope of Mt. Ssalibagu (above sea-level, 590m), So-myon, Sungju-gun, Chollanam-do, Korea. The results are as follows: The floristic compositions of the burned area at the 5th year after the fires were 85 families, 250 genera, 321 species and 53 varieties. Among them, 85 families, 127 genera, 129 species and 30 varieties were found in the currently burned area. In all the sampling sites (10*10cm), 31 and 57 species were found in the currently burned and in the 5th years after the fires, respectively. Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens, Quercus serrata and Festuca ovina were dominant species in the both areas. Biological spectra in both the burned areas showed $H-D_1-R_5-e$ type. Degree of the succession(DS) was 412-884 in the 5th years passed burned area and it was high level. Species diversity index(H) was 0.59~1.13 and evennes index(e) was 0.43~0.79, these indexes between both areas were different considerably. Indexes of similarity between both areas were different, too, but that between $B_1$ and $B_6$ was the highest (CCj=0.5). Probably this phenomenon is due to the great numbers of the pine trees appeared simulataneously. Content of the organic matter, N, P, K and Ca of soil in the burned area at the 5th years after the fires was lower than that of soil in the currently burned area.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.131-136
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• 2001

Comparisons of understory vegetation between the burned and the unburned area, and effects of fire on seed germination of Melica onoei, which increased importance value in burned area, were investigated in the black pine forest. The number of plant species in burned and unburned area was 38 and 20, respectively. Melica onoei, indigofera kirilowii, Lespedeza bicolor Miscanthus sinensis were the most abundant species in burned area. A number of seedlings and sprouts of these species were found in burned area. Standing biomass of understory vegetation in burned and unburned area was 88.7g/㎡ and 299.8g/㎡, respectively, in the immediate postfire year. However, standing biomass in burned area increased to 537.2g/㎡ and relative standing biomass of Melica onoei was the highest with a value of 25.7% in the second year Seed germination of Melica onoei in control(C), dark (D), leaf (L), leaf extract (E) treatment was 92.5%, 86.0%, 45.5% and 39.0%, respectively. However, seed germination in L+E and D+L+E treatment was 10.5% and 4.0%, respectively. It is assumed that higher importance value of M. onoei in the postfire vegetation in this study area might be due to the removal of allelopathic inhibitors and the improvement of light condition after fire.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 1997

Species composition and the amount of nutrients absorbed by regenerating plants on a pine forest in the immediate postfire year were compared with those in an unburned pine forest in Kosung, Kangwon Province. Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum, Cyperus amuricus, Lespedeza biolor, Quercus serrata, Lysimachia clethroides were the most abundant species in burned area. In unburned area. Quercus mongolica, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Carex humilis, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Spodiopogon sibiricus were the most abundant species. Standing biomass of understory vegetation in burned and unburned area was 170.2 g $D.W/m^2$ and 171.3g $D.W/m^2$, respectively. Nutrient concentrations of plants in burned area, especially for phosphorus and potassium, were higher than those in unburned area. The amounts of nutrients absorbed by understory plants in burned and unburned area were 37.4 and 33.6 kg/ha for N, 0.36 and 0.19 kg/ha for P, 30.6 and 18.8 kg/ha for K, 8.5 and 7.8 kg/ha Ca, 5.2 and 5.7 kg/ha for Mg, respectively. This suggests that regenerating vegetation can hold the significant amount of nutrients, although there may be considerable losses of nutrients from ecosystem after fire.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 1983

This is an investigation on the secondary vegetation and succession in the mixed forests destroyed by the severe crown fires on April 8, 1982. The results are summarized as follows: The floristic compositions in the investigated area are composed of 63 kinds of kinds of vascular plants. The biological type shows $ H-D_1, 4-R_5-e$, which is supposed to make a progress to the $ H-D_1-R_5-e$ type. Dominant species are Spodiopogon sibiricus (100.00)-Carex humilis var. nana (70.52)-Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens (61, 06)-Lespedeza maximowiczii (57.53). Lespedexa maximowiczii is prevailing as the dominant species in this area. The species diversity(H) and eveness index(e) show 3.00 and 0.74 respectively, so that the species are various and shows uniform distribution comparatively in these communities. Degree of succession(DS) is 479 in the investigated area, the value of which is comparatively higher than that of Chungcheongbuk-do area at the second year afer fires. After the crown and trunk of trees were scorched by the crown fires, the pine tree (Pinus densiflora) died and the other species could be survivd after sometimes. It some that Quercus serrata. Q. dentata, Maackia amurensis, Lespedez cyrtobotrya, Platycarya strobilacea and Lindera glauca are the fire-resistant plants.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.4 no.1_2
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• pp.1-7
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• 1981

Montane grassland at the summit of Mt. Soback, Korea, was studied to verify the relationships between environmental factors and vegetations on the different slopes. The contents of total nitrogen and excangeable cation and thickness of A-layer of soil in the east slope were greater and thicker than those of the northwest one. Two different community types were observed one, on the east slope, was a grass community and the other, on the northwest, was a grass community. Plant height and annual production of the forb community were taller and greater than those of the grass community. These differences might be correlated with the different of snow depth between two slopes caused by wind in witner. It is clear that the formation of the montane grassland at the study area is mainly caused by fire, wind and topography at the summit.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.125-129
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• 2000

Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park is one of the Long-term Ecological Research Site in Indonesia. In the late 1997, the fires have burnt and destroyed nearly 300 ha forest in this park. and G. Masigit was the largest burnt area (250 ha) of nine locations of hot spot recognized. Undergrowth vegetation got the most severe impacts. Almost undergrowth vegetation in various location were totally burnt. However, within three months following burning new seedlings such as Omalanthus populneus, Macaranga, Trema orientalis and Eupatorium appeared in the forest floor- The number of mycoflora recorded in burnt forest was interestingly increased in post forest fires site. Forest fires in G. Masigit had also affected the wild life population and diversity. For example, the number of bird species and the number of soil insects in burnt forest was significantly reduced. The forest fires had also great impact on soil. such as on soil organic contents, bulk density, colour, consistency, permeability and the activity of soil microorganisms.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2000

The Government of Mongolia approved establishment of the Mongolian LTER network in December 1997. In June 1998, a seminar was organized by the Mongolian Academy of Sciences to initiate the program. Dr. James Gosz of the US LTER program keynoted the seminar. A Mongolian LTER Steering Committee was established to organize the network and to develop guidelines for its management. This Committee designated Hovsgol National Park in northern Mongolia as the first Mongolian LTER network site. Other potential sites are presently being considered. including study sites in steppe grassland and desert locations. The primary goals of the Mongolian LTER Network are to study human impacts on Mongolia's environment; with a focus on short-term impacts of nomadic grazing on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and long-term climate change impacts on more pristine environments in the protected areas. There are at least two additional goals: to provide information and advice on how best to protect Mongolia's pristine environments, and to train Mongolian students to work on environmental problems to encourage the growth of expertise for making sound environmental decisions.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2003

Jeju-do is a volcanic island located off the shore of the Korean peninsula facing the Pacific Ocean. The traditional housing styles of the Jeju Province, therefore, reflect the impact of these natural backgrounds and reveal different housing styles that are distinctive from those of mainland Korea. The purpose of this research is to analyze the peculiarities of the Ondol (floor heating system) and the kitchen space of traditional housing of Jeju Island in terms of lifestyles. This study shall employ two research methods: a literature review and field survey methods. The literature review shall focus on the observations of characteristics noted in previous studies of Jeju's private houses. The field survey shall employ field survey and interview methods originating from the ethnography of the culturological-anthropologist approach. (1) The Jeju-do Ondol system is a “Weibang-eudul” system which means one Gudul per fire hole. (2) The definition of terms for Gulmook show variations depending on the various regions on Jeiu-do. (3) Major facilities in Jeongji include Gulmook, Sotduck, and Busup. Gulmook is a heating facility and Sotduck refers to a cooking facility; Busup refers to a combination of heating, cooking, and illuminating facilities.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.187-197
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• 1983

This report is a series of the investigation of the secondary vegetation and succession at the forest fire area in Dangji-Dong of Kyungsang-pookdo province. The forest fires occurred on April 8, 1982. This investigation was carried out from June 18, 1982 to May 29, 1983 once in each season. Before to fires, the Pinus densiflora was dominant and the woody plants of understory were mainly composed of the Quercus serrata, Q. dentata, Lespedeza maritima and L. macimowiczii. Compared with the florstic composition between the unburned and burned areas after the fires, the floristic composition of unburned area comprises: 79 families, 194 genera, 223 species, 26 varieties and 6 formae (255 kinds of vascular plants). The index of similary shows 0.77 (S$\Phi$renson:1948) in this area. The analyses of the life-form compositions in the unburned and burned area show 32.9% and 29.3% in dormancy form (H), 42.4% and 37.7% in disseminule form($D_1$), 80.8% and 82.2% in radicoid form ($R_5$), and 57.7% and 61.8% in erect form(e) respectively. The biological type shows H-$D_1$-R5-e, which is common in both areas, and erect form is generally prevailing in these communities.