• Title/Summary/Keyword: fire and smoke detection

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Configuration of Actuator and Sensor Interface Bus Network using PLC

  • Luu, Hoang-Minh;Park, Young-San
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.318-322
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    • 2014
  • A kind of field bus called Actuator and Sensor interface bus(AS-i) was designed in this paper. The configuration of AS-i network system used Application Specific Integrated Circuit(ASIC) SAP5S chip and PLC S7-200 station, which included CPU 224 and AS-i master module CP 243-2. We also created an example program for PLC S7-200 to control AS-i network. The fire and smoke detection system was made with AS-i network system that was designed. This system had got more advantages than other system such as number of stations, easy installation, wide working area, etc. And designed system can be used as a partner network for higher level field bus networks.

Vision-Based Fast Detection System for Tunnel Incidents (컴퓨터 시각을 이용한 고속 터널 유고감지 시스템)

  • Lee, Hee-Sin;Jeong, Sung-Hwan;Lee, Joon-Whoan
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.9-18
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    • 2010
  • Our country has so large mountain area that the tunnel construction is inevitable and the need of incident detection that provides safe management of tunnels is increasing. In this paper, we suggest a tunnel incident detection system using computer vision techniques, which can detect the incidents in a tunnel and provides the information to the tunnel administrative office in order to help safe tunnel operation. The suggested system enhances the processing speed by using simple processing algorithm such as image subtraction, and ensures the accuracy of the system by focused on the incident detection itself rather than its classification. The system is also cost effective because the video data from 4 cameras can be simultaneously analyzed in a single PC-based system. Our system can be easily extended because the PC-based analyzer can be increased according to the number of cameras in a tunnel. Also our web-based structure is useful to connect the other remotely located tunnel incident systems to obtain interoperability between tunnels. Through the experiments the system has successfully detected the incidents in real time including dropped luggage, stoped car, traffic congestion, man walker or bicycle, smoke or fire, reverse driving, etc.

ICT Medical Service Provider's Knowledge and level of recognizing how to cope with fire fighting safety (ICT 의료시설 기반에서 종사자의 소방안전 지식과 대처방법 인식수준)

  • Kim, Ja-Sook;Kim, Ja-Ok;Ahn, Young-Joon
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.51-60
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    • 2014
  • In this study, ICT medical service provider's level of knowledge fire fighting safety and methods on coping with fires in the regions of Gwangju and Jeonam Province of Korea were investigated to determine the elements affecting such levels and provide basic information on the manuals for educating how to cope with the fire fighting safety in medical facilities. The data were analyzed using SPSS Win 14.0. The scores of level of knowledge fire fighting safety of ICT medical service provider's were 7.06(10 point scale), and the scores of level of recognizing how to cope with fire fighting safety were 6.61(11 point scale). level of recognizing how to cope with fire fighting safety were significantly different according to gender(t=4.12, p<.001), age(${\chi}^2$=17.24, p<.001), length of career(${\chi}^2$=22.76, p<.001), experience with fire fighting safety education(t=6.10, p<.001), level of subjective knowledge on fire fighting safety(${\chi}^2$=53.83, p<.001). In order to enhance the level of understanding of fire fighting safety and methods of coping by the ICT medical service providers it is found that: self-directed learning through avoiding the education just conveying knowledge by lecture tailored learning for individuals fire fighting education focused on experiencing actual work by developing various contents emphasizing cooperative learning deploying patients by classification systems using simulations and a study on the implementation of digital anti-fire monitoring system with multipoint communication protocol, a design and development of the smoke detection system using infra-red laser for fire detection in the wide space, video based fire detection algorithm using gaussian mixture mode developing an education manual for coping with fire fighting safety through multi learning approach at the medical facilities are required.

A study on the location of fire fighting appliances in cargo ships (화물선 소화설비 비치에 대한 연구)

  • Ha, Weon-Jae
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.40 no.9
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    • pp.852-858
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    • 2016
  • To safeguard the accommodation spaces on cargo ships from fire, structural fire protection provisions introduced by SOLAS and these measures retard the propagation of flames and smoke. SOLAS also specifies provisions for fire fighting drills. These provisions are a combination of regulations regarding structure and equipment and those dealing with the human element for the fire protection and effective responses in the event of fire. Requirements related to the human element play a supporting role to the requirements for structure and equipment because the present accommodation structure and equipment are insufficient for extinguishing a fire, therefore, fire-extinguishing activity performed by crew members is essential. To reduce human error and ensure effective fire fighting, it is necessary to install a fire-fighting system and improve the fire fighting process. The fundamental concept of fire fighting exercises is to commence fire fighting before the fire grows too big to extinguish. It is essential to relocate the storage place of fire fighting equipment to expedite the fire-fighting exercise. This study was carried out to reduce human risk for this purpose, the fire control station was relocated to a site that could be accessed from the open deck. Further, two sets of a fire fighter's outfit were stored at the same site. This relocation eliminated the risk of the crew reentering to operate the fire fighting system in the fire control station and allowed the crew to pick up the fire fighters' outfits quickly in the event of a fire. In addition, it was proposed that the IIC method be made mandatory. This method is combination of automatic fire detection system and sprinkler system which can reduce the risk of the fire fighting exercises for the crew and to suppress fire in the initial stage. This study was carried out to provide a foundation to the possible amendment of the relevant SOLAS regulations and national legislation.

A study on the Application of Optimal Evacuation Route through Evacuation Simulation System in Case of Fire (화재발생 시 대피시뮬레이션 시스템을 통한 최적대피경로 적용에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Daeill;Jeong, Juahn;Park, Sungchan;Go, Jooyeon;Yeom, Chunho
    • Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.96-110
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    • 2020
  • Recently, due to global warming, it is easily exposed to various disasters such as fire, flood, and earthquake. In particular, large-scale disasters have continuously been occurring in crowded areas such as traditional markets, facilities for the elderly and children, and public facilities where various people stay. Purpose: This study aims to detect a fire occurred in crowded facilities early in the event to analyze and provide an optimal evacuation route using big data and advanced technology. Method: The researchers propose a new algorithm through context-aware 3D object model technology and A* algorithm optimization and propose a scenario-based optimal evacuation route selection technique. Result: Using the HPA* E algorithm, the evacuation simulation in the event of a fire was reproduced as a 3D model and the optimal evacuation route and evacuation time were calculated for each scenario. Conclusion: It is expected to reduce fatalities and injuries through the evacuation induction technique that enables evacuation of the building in the shortest path by analyzing in real-time via fire detection sensors that detects the temperature, flame, and smoke.

Design of Smart Device Assistive Emergency WayFinder Using Vision Based Emergency Exit Sign Detection

  • Lee, Minwoo;Mariappan, Vinayagam;Mfitumukiza, Joseph;Lee, Junghoon;Cho, Juphil;Cha, Jaesang
    • Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.101-106
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    • 2017
  • In this paper, we present Emergency exit signs are installed to provide escape routes or ways in buildings like shopping malls, hospitals, industry, and government complex, etc. and various other places for safety purpose to aid people to escape easily during emergency situations. In case of an emergency situation like smoke, fire, bad lightings and crowded stamped condition at emergency situations, it's difficult for people to recognize the emergency exit signs and emergency doors to exit from the emergency building areas. This paper propose an automatic emergency exit sing recognition to find exit direction using a smart device. The proposed approach aims to develop an computer vision based smart phone application to detect emergency exit signs using the smart device camera and guide the direction to escape in the visible and audible output format. In this research, a CAMShift object tracking approach is used to detect the emergency exit sign and the direction information extracted using template matching method. The direction information of the exit sign is stored in a text format and then using text-to-speech the text synthesized to audible acoustic signal. The synthesized acoustic signal render on smart device speaker as an escape guide information to the user. This research result is analyzed and concluded from the views of visual elements selecting, EXIT appearance design and EXIT's placement in the building, which is very valuable and can be commonly referred in wayfinder system.

Wearable Computers

  • Cho, Gil-Soo;Barfield, Woodrow;Baird, Kevin
    • Fiber Technology and Industry
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    • v.2 no.4
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    • pp.490-508
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    • 1998
  • One of the latest fields of research in the area of output devices is tactual display devices [13,31]. These tactual or haptic devices allow the user to receive haptic feedback output from a variety of sources. This allows the user to actually feel virtual objects and manipulate them by touch. This is an emerging technology and will be instrumental in enhancing the realism of wearable augmented environments for certain applications. Tactual displays have previously been used for scientific visualization in virtual environments by chemists and engineers to improve perception and understanding of force fields and of world models populated with the impenetrable. In addition to tactual displays, the use of wearable audio displays that allow sound to be spatialized are being developed. With wearable computers, designers will soon be able to pair spatialized sound to virtual representations of objects when appropriate to make the wearable computer experience even more realistic to the user. Furthermore, as the number and complexity of wearable computing applications continues to grow, there will be increasing needs for systems that are faster, lighter, and have higher resolution displays. Better networking technology will also need to be developed to allow all users of wearable computers to have high bandwidth connections for real time information gathering and collaboration. In addition to the technology advances that make users need to wear computers in everyday life, there is also the desire to have users want to wear their computers. In order to do this, wearable computing needs to be unobtrusive and socially acceptable. By making wearables smaller and lighter, or actually embedding them in clothing, users can conceal them easily and wear them comfortably. The military is currently working on the development of the Personal Information Carrier (PIC) or digital dog tag. The PIC is a small electronic storage device containing medical information about the wearer. While old military dog tags contained only 5 lines of information, the digital tags may contain volumes of multi-media information including medical history, X-rays, and cardiograms. Using hand held devices in the field, medics would be able to call this information up in real time for better treatment. A fully functional transmittable device is still years off, but this technology once developed in the military, could be adapted tp civilian users and provide ant information, medical or otherwise, in a portable, not obstructive, and fashionable way. Another future device that could increase safety and well being of its users is the nose on-a-chip developed by the Oak Ridge National Lab in Tennessee. This tiny digital silicon chip about the size of a dime, is capable of 'smelling' natural gas leaks in stoves, heaters, and other appliances. It can also detect dangerous levels of carbon monoxide. This device can also be configured to notify the fire department when a leak is detected. This nose chip should be commercially available within 2 years, and is inexpensive, requires low power, and is very sensitive. Along with gas detection capabilities, this device may someday also be configured to detect smoke and other harmful gases. By embedding this chip into workers uniforms, name tags, etc., this could be a lifesaving computational accessory. In addition to the future safety technology soon to be available as accessories are devices that are for entertainment and security. The LCI computer group is developing a Smartpen, that electronically verifies a user's signature. With the increase in credit card use and the rise in forgeries, is the need for commercial industries to constantly verify signatures. This Smartpen writes like a normal pen but uses sensors to detect the motion of the pen as the user signs their name to authenticate the signature. This computational accessory should be available in 1999, and would bring increased peace of mind to consumers and vendors alike. In the entertainment domain, Panasonic is creating the first portable hand-held DVD player. This device weight less than 3 pounds and has a screen about 6' across. The color LCD has the same 16:9 aspect ratio of a cinema screen and supports a high resolution of 280,000 pixels and stereo sound. The player can play standard DVD movies and has a hour battery life for mobile use. To summarize, in this paper we presented concepts related to the design and use of wearable computers with extensions to smart spaces. For some time, researchers in telerobotics have used computer graphics to enhance remote scenes. Recent advances in augmented reality displays make it possible to enhance the user's local environment with 'information'. As shown in this paper, there are many application areas for this technology such as medicine, manufacturing, training, and recreation. Wearable computers allow a much closer association of information with the user. By embedding sensors in the wearable to allow it to see what the user sees, hear what the user hears, sense the user's physical state, and analyze what the user is typing, an intelligent agent may be able to analyze what the user is doing and try to predict the resources he will need next or in the near future. Using this information, the agent may download files, reserve communications bandwidth, post reminders, or automatically send updates to colleagues to help facilitate the user's daily interactions. This intelligent wearable computer would be able to act as a personal assistant, who is always around, knows the user's personal preferences and tastes, and tries to streamline interactions with the rest of the world.

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