• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2019

In this report, nano-sized catalysts were introduced onto fabric surface to eliminate toxic chemicals assisted by physical adsorption. For chemical removal of toxic compounds, a series of zirconium-containing catalysts were synthesized and treated on fabric to catalyze the hydrolysis and oxidation of target molecules. Antimicrobial was also introduced for the research purpose to prove the compatibility of as-synthesized catalysts with other solutions. Zirconium ligated with hydroxyl group and MOF(Metal-Organic Frameworks) were exploited as catalyst for removal of toxic compounds, while zinc complex was used for an antimicrobial to culminate in a chemical shield. Once fabrics were functionalized, fabrics were washed 2 or 5 times for a washing durability test. The amount of catalyst in textile were measured by ICP-MS and weight increasing ratio of fabrics.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.10-19
• /
• 2022

Humectants are chemical compounds which added to water based pigment inks for DTP (Digital Textile Printing) to prevent evaporation of water. The humectants usually have diol or triol type chemical structures and their -OH groups have possibility to react with functional groups of the binder polymers, such as ester, carboxylic acid, and urethane groups, acting as a crosslinking agent. The crosslinking reactions between polymer binders and humectants in inks can affect touch of the printed fabrics. In this regard, this study aims to investigate effect of chemical structures and added amounts of humectants in pigment ink on touch of dyed fabrics by using 1,6-hexanediol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and 1,4-buthanediol with various amounts added to the mixture of a black pigment and a polyurethane type binder. Then, color, rubbing strength, touch of the fabrics dyed with the prepared pigment inks were evaluated.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.42-65
• /
• 2023

Leather is widely used in human lives and many industries, and the market size continues to grow. In terms of quality and durability, natural leather is still being used as the most luxurious product. And synthetic leather, made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyurethane (PU), were developed and being widely have been used as alternative materials for natural leather. Processes, properties and issues of these leather were reviewed. Then silicone leather was reviewed why they can be good candidates for leather. Properties of general silicone polymers and silicone rubber coating agents were reviewed such as eco-friendliness, human-friendliness, stain resistances, resistance to uv light and ozone, heat stability and so on. Papers and patents related to silicone leather were studied to understand current status of development and commercialization of silicone leather. Finally direction of development was described how to improve deficient performances of current silicone leather, such as formulation of silicone, combination with organic materials and manufacturing processes.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.155-160
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 다단계 전기화학적 반응기를 이용하여 환원제의 투입, 전극의 종류, 수리학적 체류시간(HRT : Hydraulic Retention Time) 및 전류밀도 변화에 따른 질산성질소의 제거효율을 살펴보았다. 실험결과, 환원제 투입은 질산성질소 제거효율을 증가시켰으며 에너지투입량은 감소시켰다. 전극종류를 변화시켰을 경우, 질산성질소 제거효율 및 전류효율의 차이는 거의 없었으나 Zn 환원제의 회수를 위해 B-type(1단 : Pt-Zn, 2단 : Pt-Zn, 3단 : Pt-Zn, 4단 : Pt-Zn)을 선정하였다. 수리학적 체류시간 변화실험에서는 수리학적 체류시간과 무관하게 동일전류밀도를 공급한 실험과 수리학적 체류시간 변화에 따른 전류밀도 변화 실험 즉, 단위부피당 동일 전류량 공급 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 결과, 수리학적 체류시간과 전류밀도 변화에 의해 농도분극현상과 적용전류량의 부족현상이 발생하게 된다. 즉 수리학적 체류시간이 감소할수록 농도분극현상은 감소하지만 단위 부피당 적용전류량이 부족하게 된다. 따라서 수리학적 체류시간과 전류밀도 실험을 통해 적절한 운전조건을 도출할 수 있으며, 내부 스페이서의 설치로 확산을 증가시킬 경우 질소제거효율 및 에너지효율이 증가될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제31권12호
• /
• pp.1672-1681
• /
• 2007

텐셀 혼방직물의 단점을 보완하면서 새로운 관능기를 도입하기 위해서는 캐티온화가 효과적이다. 이를 위해 인체 친화성이 있고 공해를 유발하지 않으며 반응이 용이한 키토산을 처리하였으며, 이에 의한 캐티 온화를 확인하기 위하여 음이온성 염료에 대한 염색성 변화를 살펴보았다. 먼저, 반응성 염료와의 염색성은 낮은 중성염의 농도에서도 키토산 처리 시료의 염색성이 우수하게 나타나 반응성 염료에 대한 염색 효율이 증대되었다. 이는 키토산의 아민기 도입으로 텐셀 혼방직물이 캐터온화되어 섬유에 치환된 친핵성기에 의해 반응성 염료에 대한 친화력이 향상됨으로서 중성이하의 조건에서도 염색성이 우수하게 나타난 것이다. 한편, 키토산 처리로 도입된 아민기의 작용으로 산성 염료와 친화력이 거의 없는 텐셀 혼방직물의 산성 염료에 대한 염색성이 크게 향상되었다. 또한 키토산 처리로 인하여 텐셀 혼방직물은 반응성 염료와의 친화력이 더 좋아졌고, 텐셀 단일직물의 경우 산성 염료와의 친화력이 더 좋아졌으며, 산성 염료보다 반응성 염료로 염색시 세탁견뢰도가 더 우수하였다.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2009

표면처리폐수 내 질산성 질소를 제거하기 위한 전기화학적 처리공정에서 전극간격, 환원제, 1단 처리수 반송, 타 물질과 동시 처리 등 네 가지 조건을 변화시키며 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 결과, 전극간격은 10 mm일 때 질산성 질소 제거효율이 높았으며 10 mm 보다 전극간격이 좁아질 경우 농도분극 현상의 증가로 인해 제거효율이 감소하며 10 mm 보다 넓어질 경우 전압이 상승하여 에너지 소모가 증가하였다. 환원제 영향에 대한 실험 결과, 질산성 질소가 환원되는 과정에서 수소가 소모되기 때문에 수소이온 농도가 높은 산성조건에서 더 원활한 환원반응이 이루어졌으며 아연을 1.2배 투입할 경우 질산성 질소와의 반응량이 증가하여 질산성 질소 제거효율이 증가하였다. 1단 처리수를 반송할 경우 난류가 형성되어 환원전극에 부착된 아연이 탈착되어 재 이용되고 내부 확산이 증가하여 농도분극현상이 감소함으로 인해 질산성 질소 제거효율이 증가하였으며 아연 투입량 감소 효과가 나타났다. 암모니아성 질소는 질산성 질소 제거에 영향을 미치지 않았고 폐수 내 염소성분이 충분할 경우 질산성 질소와 동시 처리에도 문제가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 중금속은 환원되는 과정에서 전자를 소모하여 질산성 질소 제거효율은 감소하지만 전류밀도 증가나 본 장치의 전단을 중금속 제거용으로 사용하는 방법 등으로 해결이 가능할 것으로 생각한다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.329-342
• /
• 1988

In methods of finding causes for cleft palate, many cases have been studied by investigators using teratogenic agents. Among them, a synthetic agent known as triamcinolone acetonide (TA) was widely used. When this drug was injected into mice during palatogenesis, it induced lowered body weight and a deformed mandible. But many cases have been studied on growth changes, only of the developmental stages of the palate. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate craniofacial growth in experimentally induced cleft palate mice after finishing palatogenesis namely just before birth. Normal, alcohol treated, and TA treated DDY mice were obtained at 18-days of gestation and heads were prepared for serial sectioning in the sagittal plane. The midsagittal sections were photographically enlarged (${\times}40$) and measurements made to asses the amount of growth. The obtained results were as follows. 1. The incidence of cleft palate was 41.2% when TA was injected. 2. The body weight of the cleft palate group was lower than the control group. 3. In the cleft palate group, mandibular length (H-M) was lighter than the control group. 4. In the cleft palate group, degree of staining was not distinct compared to the control group by the double staining method. 5. In the cleft palate group, anteroposterior posture of the tongue tip to facial plane (C-M) was more posterior than the control group. 6. The cause of posterior posture of the tongue tip to facial plane (C-M) in the cleft palate group, was not short and retracted tongue but the mandibular length was increased. 7. The anteroposterior relationship of hyoid cartilage to cranial base was the same in all groups.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.9-20
• /
• 1991

In the preparation of acrylic water repellent(EDLWC). quaternized 2-diethylarrunoethylmethacrylate-stearylmethacrylate copolymer (DSACC) and quaternized 1-Iaurovlbis(aminoethyl)-2-dodecylimidazoline(LDDIC) were selected as a basic resin and the improving agent such as softening effect and hydrostatic pressure of the water repellent. EDLWC was prepared by blending waxes and emulsifier for waxes with various ratio to DSACC and LDDIC. As the results of the measurement of water repellency, washable, tear strength and crease recovery to polyester-cotton(P/C) blended fabrics treated with EDLWC only or addition of textile finishing resin, the physical properties were increased. Sodium acetate was the most effective catalyst in the water repellency among the various kinds of catalyst. and the reasonable concentration of the catalyst was 1. 4 wt%. EDLWC was confirmed as durable water repellent with the results of making little difference of water repellency as ${\pm}5$ point after and before washing. The reaction mechanism between P/C blended fabrics and EDLWC in the presence of catalyst was proposed. And also, the longitudinal view of the P/C blended fabrics treated with water repellent was observed with scanning electron microscope.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.20-27
• /
• 2006

Lyocell is a not only environmentally-friendly but also very advantageous fiber. When Lyocell is soaked in water, its wet tenacity does not decrease and elongation and moisture regain of it are better than cotton. However, one drawback of lyocell is its fibrillation. The fibrills of lyocell were generated during wet process such as scouring and dyeing deteriorates the dyeing color depth and the appearance of fabric. The purpose of this study was to decrease the fibrillation tendency of lyocell fabric using crosslinking agent, epichlorohydrine(ECH). The effects of NaOH scouring and ECH crosslinking were observed. The different types of ECH addition methods to lyocell and the various concentrations of ECH in crosslinking reaction onto dyeing characteristic and fibriallation were investigated. Weight loss and whiteness index of crosslinked lyocell by ECH were examined. K/S values of ECH treated lyocell fabrics dyed with reactive dye were measured and SEM images of untreated and treated lyocells were observed extensively to define the fibrillation tendency. The results were as follows ; 1) ECH treatment showed the effect of weight loss and scouring because ECH crosslinking reaction was conducted in alkaline condition. 2) The increase in ECH concentration from 5 to 30% does not affected K/S value changes. 3) ECH crosslinking can effectively prevent the fibrillation tendency of lyocell.

• 폴리머
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.253-259
• /
• 2005

본 연구에서는 섬유의 구김을 방지하기 위해 첨가제인 폴리우레탄을 2단계 중합반응을 통하여 합성하였으며, 단계 반응 중합체의 구조와 합성된 폴리우레탄의 구조를 FT-IR과 $^1H-NMR$ 스펙트럼으로 확인하였다. 방향족 이소시아네이트인 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI)로 합성한 폴리우레탄의 평균 분자량이 지방족 이소시아네이트인 hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI), 4,4-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate($H_{12}$MDI)로 합성한 폴리우레탄의 분자량보다 크게 증가하였다. 또한 MDI, HDI, $H_{12}MDI$로 합성한 폴리우레탄의 유리전이온도($T_g$)는 각각 -25, -42, -50$^{circ}C$로 나타났다. 합성 폴리우레탄의 경질부분 함량이 증가함에 따라 열 안정성과 인장강도는 증가하였고, 파괴점에서의 연신율은 감소하였다.