• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2019년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.147-148
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• 2019

Lack of fine aggregate is adversely affecting the quality of concrete. Due to lack of land sand, EZZ sea sand has been used. However, the use of sea sand is also difficult because of the opposition of fishermen. The purpose of this study was to analysis the effect of slag fine aggregate to durability and compressive strength of concrete. The concrete compressive strength and durability were assessed to derive a proper mix ratio of fine aggregate.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표회 제17권2호
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• pp.623-626
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• 2005

This study is aimed for investigating the influence of the properties of crushed stone sand on the mixing factor and compressive strength of concrete. The results of this study are as follows; The influence of Particle Shape and Very Fine Sand(VFS) of crushed stone sand on the mixing factor was higher than Fineness Modulus. The demand water of concrete with crushed stone sand was decreased about $12\~18kg/m^3$with increasing $4\%$ of Particle Shape and increased $8\~15kg/m^3$ with increasing $3\%$ of ratio of Very Fine Sand(VFS).

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1996년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.10-16
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• 1996

This study is aimed for investigating a decision of the saturated surface dry of crushed stone sand and measuring the moisture with increasing percentage of VFS(Very Fine Sand) replacement each crushed stone sand. The results indicated that moisture of crushed stone sand is generally increased with increasing percentage of VFS replacement and the rate of increase of moisture is about 30% every time that VFS replacement increases 3.5%. Also the saturated surface dry for crushed stone sane is proposed as a point of time where shape of flow-cone first slumps in this paper.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.463-470
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• 2022

In NATM tunnels, water inrush and tunnel collapse are often encountered in silty-fine sand with abundant water during excavation. Because of the special engineering properties of this stratum, grouting effect is difficult to achieve as expected, and it is a major problem in the field of civil engineering. Taking Beijing Metro Line 10 as a case, we applied PFC3D to simulate the process of grouting in this stratum. By analyzing the law of grout diffusing and porosity change under different grouting pressures, the study found that grouting was a process of splitting, and grouting pressure played an important role. The numerical results were verified by theoretical calculation analysis, and the grouting parameters were determined under the various grouting pressures for practice. After the excavation of this tunnel, the concretions in silty-fine sand are similar to the results of PFC3D simulation, which indicates that the grouting mechanism is confirmed by field observation further.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 학회창립 10주년 기념 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.103-106
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• 1999

In this study, the properties of mortar using ceramic wastes as admixtures and fine aggregates are considered experimentally. The main chemical of ceramic wastes is SiO2 and micro structure of ceramic wastes is porous. Absorption of ceramic wastes is higher than that of river sand and specific gravity is lower than that of river sand. Flow value of mortar using ceramic waste admixture and fine aggregates is increased more or less and the strength of mortar using ceramic wastes as fine aggregates is increased.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.589-596
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• 2020

In an effort to find alternate, environment friendly and sustainable building materials, the scope of possible utilization of iron slag (I-sand), generated as a by-product in iron and steel industries, as fine aggregates in reinforced cement concrete (RCC) made with manufactured sand (M-sand) is examined in this manuscript. Systematic investigations of the physical, mechanical, microstructural and durability properties of I-sand in comparison with RCC made with M-sand have been carried out on various mix designs prepared by the partial/full replacement of I-sand in M-sand. The experimental results clearly indicate the possibility of utilizing iron slag for preparing RCC in constructions without compromising on the property of concrete, durability and performance. This provides an alternate possibility for the effective utilization of industrial waste, which is normally disposed by delivering to landfills, in building materials which can reduce the adverse environmental effects caused by indiscriminate sand mining being carried out to meet the growing demands from construction industry and also provide an economically viable alternative by reducing the cost of concrete production.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2019

In view of the increasing utility of concrete as a construction material, the major challenge is to improve the quality of construction. Nowadays the common problem faced by many of the concrete plants is the shortage of river sand as fine aggregate material. This led to the utilization of locally available materials from quarries as fine aggregate. With the percentage of fines present in Crushed Rock Fines (CRF)or crushed sand is more compared to river sand, it shows a better performance in terms of fresh properties. The present study deals with the formulation of SCC mix design based on the chosen plastic viscosity of the mix and the measured plastic viscosity of cement pastes incorporating supplementary cementitious materials with CRF and river sand as a fine aggregate. Four different combinations including two binary and one ternary mix are adopted for the current study. Influence of plastic viscosity of the mix on the fresh and hardened properties are investigated for SCC mixes with varying water to cement ratios. It is observed that for an increasing plastic viscosity of the mix, slump flow, T500 and J-ring spread increased but V-funnel and L-box decreased. Compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths decreased with the increase in plastic viscosity.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2011

지반공학에서 흙은 흙 입자에 의한 세립분 함유율($F_c$=50%)에 따라 모래와 점토로 분류되며, 그들의 역학적 거동에 의해 설계가 이루어진다. 그러나, 모래-점토 혼합토는 일반적으로 intermediate soils로 불리어, 모래나 점토로 쉽게 구분할 수 없다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 비율을 갖는 실리카모래 세립혼합토에 대하여 정적비배수 전단시험을 수행하였고, 미리 계산된 에너지의 다짐방법과 예압밀법을 이용하여 모래부터 점토에 이르는 폭넓은 범위의 흙 구조에 대해 공시체를 준비하였다. 한계 세립함유율 보다 작은 혼합토의 전단강도는 세립분이 증가할수록 증가하며 최대 축차응력비는 조밀한 시료에 대하여 감소하고 느슨한 시료에 대하여 증가한다. 그 후, 골격간극비의 개념을 이용하여 혼합토의 단조 전단강도를 평가하였으며. 이에, 혼합토의 전단강도는 모래입자가 이루는 골격구조에 밀접한 관계가 있음을 알았다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.325-331
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• 2020

노란잔산잠자리(멸종위기야생생물 II급) 약충은 내성천 일대 서식하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 2019년 3월 서식이 확인된 37개 지점의 하상 0.2㎡ 면적에서 채취한 퇴적물 입도 분석 및 개체수와의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 입도 분석 결과 '조립사'(500 ~ 1,000 ㎛) 52.5%, '극조립사'(1,000 ~ 2,000 ㎛) 25.6%, '중립사' (250 ~ 500 ㎛) 17.2%, '세립사'(125 ~ 250 ㎛) 3.1%, '극세립사'(63 ~ 125 ㎛) 1.0%, '실트'(63 ㎛미만) 0.7% 순으로 나타났다. 노란잔산잠자리 약충의 개체수는 '극세립사'(63 ~ 125 ㎛), '세립사'(125 ~ 250 ㎛)와는 양의 상관관계를, '조립사'(500 ~ 1.000 ㎛)와는 음의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 노란잔산잠자리 약충이 고운 모래를 서식처로 활용하고 있는 것을 확인하였으며, 이러한 연구결과는 이후 내성천 일대 하상 환경변화 모니터링에 활용 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2013

In this paper, a series of monotonic undrained shear tests were carried out on four kinds of sand-fine mixtures with various fines content. Two kinds of sands (Silica sand V3, V6) and fines (Iwakuni natural clay, Tottori silt) were mixed together in various proportions, while paying attention to the void ratio expressed in terms of sand structure $(F_c{\leq}F_{cth})$. The undrained shear strength of mixtures below the threshold fines content was observed so that as the plastic fines content increases, maximum deviator stress ratio decrease for dense samples while an increase is noted for loose samples. For non-plastic fines, the increase in the amount of fines leads to an increase in density of the soil, which results in an increase in strength. Then, the monotonic shear strength of the mixtures was estimated using the concept of granular void ratio. It was found that the shear strength of mixtures is greatly dependent on the skeleton structure of sand particles.