• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권10호
• /
• pp.73-85
• /
• 2020

As an effort to achieve sustainable development and increase people's welfare, financial inclusion has become the policy agenda of many countries. Therefore, the effect of financial inclusion on economic growth, poverty, income inequality, and financial stability in several countries in Asia has become the goal and this is the subject of this study. Financial inclusion is measured by 3 dimensions, namely banking penetration, access to banking services, and use of banking services. Poverty ratio below the national poverty line and the Gini coefficient are used as indicators of poverty and income inequality. Financial stability is measured by Bank Z-Score and bank nonperforming loans. The results from the hypothesis test shows that all dimensions of financial stability simultaneously have significant influence on economic growth, poverty, income inequality, and financial stability. On the other hand, the partial impact of financial inclusion dimension on economic growth, poverty alleviation, income inequality, and financial stability in ten countries of Asia has not been optimal. The derived results of this study is required to be interpreted and considered by the Governments of each country in developing strategies for increasing financial inclusion, so that the policy to achieve sustainable development and enhancement of people's welfare can be achieved.

• 교육시설
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.22-32
• /
• 2004

Private universities are going through difficulties in improving facilities for the disabled students due to financial reasons. Extension elevators, grips on both sides of the hallways for the visually disabled, handrails on the walls of ramps and stairs in the existing building, and improvement of the dormitory chambers are some items of such facilities in this analysis of MyongJi University. Hence, financial support based on the long-term plans and evaluations from the National Treasury to private universities with financial stringencies, will be a critical promotion in appropriating educational budgets and executing corresponding funds. This will eventually bring equal development of educational welfare for the disabled students among national, public, and private universities.

• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제49권
• /
• pp.129-161
• /
• 2002

This study explores whether there are differences in financial structure and governmental support between social service organizations and other nonprofit organizations. In addition, it analyzes what factors are related to governmental supports for both types of nonprofit organizations. Guided by the argument that specific areas where nonprofits primarily operate can explain a difference of relations between nonprofit organizations and funders, this study compares revenue sources and expenditures of social service organizations and other nonprofit organizations in the United States. Also, based on resource dependence theory and taking some important indexes from financial ratio analysis, this study also identifies factors that affect governmental supports for nonprofit organizations. The study sample consists of 10,690 organizations that reported tax form 990 in 1996. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted for the study. The results show that social service organizations obtained more revenue from government than other nonprofit organizations. Also, logistic regression analysis suggests that revenue diversification and financial characteristics were significantly associated with governmental supports for nonprofit organizations in the United States.

• 토지주택연구
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.345-353
• /
• 2011

This paper is focused on the sustainability of public rental housing policy. We have analyzed the general fiscal conditions of central government, the public welfare fiscal conditions, the public expenditure on rental housing, and the Korea Land & Housing Corporation (LH) financial structure. Central government fiscal conditions is controlled by the midium-term fiscal operation plan(2010~2014) and fiscal rules. And the fiscal mandatory expenditures on welfare is increased rapidly by the expansion of beneficiaries, but the fiscal discretionary expenditures particularly on public rental housing can be gradually cut down. LH, the dominant agency responsible for affordable housing, is now confronted with financial distress accruing to excessive burden for public rental housing construction. As a result this paper, we find the discrepancy between the fiscal conditons and public rental housing policies. We suggest the fiscally sustainable rental housing policy. Firstly, the construction plan should be realized reflecting the market and fiscal conditions. Secondly, the provsion and financing system of rental housing should be rebuild within the government fiscal condtions and financial ability of LH.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.25-36
• /
• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of the study was to investigate the financial difficulty of the elderly in each income group and to examine the factors having related influence. The study adopted models with Korean welfare panel material and examined factors that having influence upon low income elderly's selection on retail business. Research design, data, and methodology - The study investigated the effects having influence upon the financial difficulty of elderly household as well as common household. It also examined independence variables having influence upon household's financial stress and found out the direction of financial control in elderly household. The study investigated the effect of financial stress upon economy to support consumption of the elderly. Results - In cases of financial difficulties, independent variables of the debt increased the financial difficulties of elderly households relying upon traditional markets. The elderly households had financial difficulties because of independent variables of the debt except for loan from financial institution. Conclusions - In this study, the elderly's financial stress had influence upon the use of retail business and the characteristics of residing and family. Further study shall give support policies for the elderly to alleviate financial burden.

• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제56권1호
• /
• pp.253-282
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 사회복지와 교육복지와의 관계를 정립한 후 우리나라 교육복지의 현 실태와 문제점을 파악하고 향후 우리나라 교육복지의 방향과 과제에 대해 살펴본 것이다. 이미 선진국에서는 교육을 사회적 평등장치로 인식하고 인적자본 개발이라는 관점에서 다차원적 접근을 행하고 있으며 학교사회사업가가 배치되어 있으나 우리나라는 교육복지를 체계적으로 추진할 관련법이 미비하고 행 재정적 지원체계가 확립되어 있지 않다. 또한 관련 조직간의 연계, 협력이 부족하고 복지, 교육, 문화가 연계된 통합적, 전문적 서비스가 제공되지 못하고 있다. 우리나라 교육복지의 방향과 과제는 교육복지체제의 구축을 위한 국가의 기능과 책임을 명확히 해야 하며 권리, 투자적 차원에서 접근해야 하며 이를 위한 관련법의 제정 및 행, 재정적 체계가 확립되어야 한다. 또한 교육복지는 모든 사람들을 대상으로 하되 교육취약계층에 최우선 순위를 두어야 하며 그 내용에 있어서는 교육의 기회에서부터 교육의 과정, 결과까지의 평등을 포함해야 할 필요가 있다. 그리고 교육, 복지, 노동이 연계된 다차원적 접근과 관련기관의 긴밀한 협력체계가 구축되어야 하며 평생교육이 강화되어야 한다.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.226-232
• /
• 2016

Background: This study was conducted to analyze the influence of socioeconomic characteristics of community on the food insecurity under the control of personal socioeconomic factors which may be influence to the food security. Methods: Food insecurity and individual socioeconomic characteristics were obtained from 2012 community health survey. Socioeconomic characteristics of communities were extracted from the data of Statistics Korea and local governments. Personal socioeconomic factors were sex, age, educational status, job, and monthly family income. Socioeconomic characteristics of communities were administrative district (urban vs. rural), senior population rate, degree of financial self reliance, degree of financial independence, portion of welfare budget, number of welfare facilities, and unemployment rate. We analysed the relationships between the food insecurity and socioeconomic characteristics of community using multi-level analysis under the control of personal characteristics. Results: On personal level age, sex, education status, and monthly family income were related with food insecurity. On community level administrative district (urban vs. rural), degree of financial independence, unemployment rate, and proportion of welfare budget among local general government accounts were related to individual food insecurity. Rural area, district with low levels of financial independence, low portion of welfare budget, and greater unemployment rate showed a higher level of food insecurity. Conclusion: To reduce the level of food insecurity in a community it is necessary to decrease the unemployment rate, in addition to providing support from the central government by increasing the proportion of the welfare budget so that both factors contribute to raising the degree of financial independence.

• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제41권
• /
• pp.68-92
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of social welfare expenditure in local government. The period of 1995 through 1998 data in Seoul, 6 other metropolitan areas, and 9 provinces (Do) were selected and pooled as unit of analysis and total 8 independent variables were selected based on the theoretical background and previous studies. The pooled cross-sectional time-series regression using SPSS program was adapted for the analysis. Among selected independent variables, the rate of economic expenditure to the local government expenditure, the rate of financial self-reliance, and the increase rate of social welfare expenditure to the previous year has been played a significant role in the rate of social welfare expenditure to the total expenditure. Both the rate of economic expenditure and rate of financial self-reliance have had a negative impacts on the rate of social welfare expenditure and the increase rate of social welfare expenditure have affected the rate of social welfare expenditure positively. Therefore, the variables based on the economic constraint theory as well as incrementalism perspective gives greater explanatory power of the social welfare expenditure than the variables on the political choice theory in Korean local government.

• 사회복지연구
• /
• 제39호
• /
• pp.167-187
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 복지국가의 재정위기와 재편이 본격화된 1980년대 이후 최근까지 사회보장비 지출 추세가 어떻게 변화하고 있는가를 탐색하기 위하여 22개 OECD 국가의 사회보장비를 전체와 부문별로 나누어 1980~2003년간의 변화추이를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 1980년대 이전의 복지국가 팽창기에 비하여 전체 및 노령, 보건, 실업 등 주요 부문의 사회보장비 모두 증가속도가 현저하게 둔화된 것으로 나타났다. 특히 1980년에 이미 GDP의 25~30%를 사회보장비로 지출하고 있던 북유럽국가들은 이후 사회보장비가 정체되거나 오히려 감소하는 경향이 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 이에 반해 지출수준이 낮았던 남부유럽국가에서는 사회보장비가 상당히 증가하였고, 이에 따라 사회보장비 지출의 국가 간 격차는 계속 줄어드는 추세를 보였다. 이러한 점은 재정압박이 복지국가의 재편을 가져온 핵심요인 중 하나이며, 고지출국가일수록 재정부담을 줄이기 위한 제도개혁에 더 많은 노력을 기울이고 있음을 시사한다. 특히 사회보장비 증가와 재정압박에 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 있는 연금지출을 억제하기 위한 개혁은 이미 1980년대부터 꾸준히 이어지고 있고 1990년대 후반부터는 그 효과가 조금씩 나타나고 있다. 실업급여의 수급자격을 엄격히 하고 급여수준을 감소시키려는 노력도 나타나고 있지만 이 부문에서는 국가 간 격차가 매우 큰 상황이다. 재정지출의 한계에 봉착한 복지국가가 경제 사회적 변화에 따라 새롭게 등장하거나 증가하는 사회보장 수요에 대처하기 위해서는 기존 제도의 효과/효율성을 향상시키는 노력과 함께 부문 간 우선순위를 재조정하는 사회보장제도의 대폭적인 개혁이 필요할 것이다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.63-78
• /
• 2018

This study examined the insolvency of debtors using multiple-indicator approaches and compared the outcomes across income levels with the 2016 'Household Financial and Welfare Survey'. This study used (1) the total debt to total assets ratio (DTA), (2) the total debt service ratio (DSR), and (3) the Household Default Risk Index (HDRI) recently developed by the Bank of Korea. Households in the lowest income quintile were more likely to be insolvent than any other income group. Demographics, such as age and gender of the household head, and most of the financial variables significantly increased the likelihood of insolvency based on the DTA. The number of household members and job status increased the likelihood of insolvency based on the DSR. Also, age, gender of the household head, and most of the financial variables increased the likelihood of household insolvency based on the HDRI after controlling for other demographics and financial variables.