• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.130-139
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to grasp the profitability of coffee franchise companies using ROIC tree, ROA and ROE. As a result, ROA was using assets efficiently, and some companies are in desperate need to improve their management based on past brand recognition, and a new paradigm management strategy is urgently required. In particular, the franchise company's current cost burden is greater than comparable firms. In ROE, the capital was operating efficiently. Since ROIC is very difficult to classify business related and operating related amounts accurately based on financial statement information, there is a limit to accurate ROIC calculation. Therefore, ROIC is estimated to be 7.6~38.29% as of 2016 based on ROIC calculation. In the case of continuous growth companies, investments are made to improve steady sales, but some companies seem to be unable to escape from past paradigm. In order to continue the growth of the company beyond the accounting profit in the future, the ROIC Tree can be used to measure the subdivided management performance and propose efficiency plan.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.89-99
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe married female migrants' experiences of health care services and to help nursing researchers, nursing educators, and clinical nurses understand married female migrants' experiences. Method: A conventional content analysis method was utilized. Individual in-depth interviews with 15 married female migrants were conducted. Subject recruitment was performed at a district in Seoul. Results: Ten categories were induced: language barrier, financial burden, insufficient time with a physician, complexity of utilization process, lack of support from peer group, health care providers' discrimination, anxiety regarding lack of information about children's health, health care providers' concerns and efforts to minimize the language barrier, family support, and advanced health care service environment. Conclusion: This study provides basic knowledge regarding married female migrants' experiences related to health care services. Future research should designate and utilize valid instruments to measure the positive and negative experiences and to explore strategies to strengthen the positive features while eliminating the negative ones. Finally, the Korean nursing education curriculum should include cultural competence and knowledge about an ethnic minority's right to health service utilization.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.177-184
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• 2014

This research analyzes the effects of factors on the demands for outbound to the countries such as Japan, China, the United States of America, Thailand, Philippines, Hong Kong, Singapore and Australia, the countries preferred by many Koreans. The factors for this research are (1) economic variables such as Korea Composite Stock Price Index (KOSPI), which could have influences on outbound tourism and exchange rate and (2) unpredictable events such as diseases, financial crisis and terrors. Regression analysis was used to identify relationship based on the monthly data from January 2001 to December 2010. The results of the analysis show that both exchange rate and KOSPI have impacts on the demands for outbound travel. In the case of travels to the United States of America and Philippines, Korean tourists usually have particular purposes such as studying, visiting relatives, playing golf or honeymoon, thus they are less influenced by the exchange rate. Moreover, Korean tourists tend not to visit particular locations for some time when shock reaction happens. As the demands for outbound travels are different from country to country accompanied by economic variables and shock variables, differentiated measure to should be considered to come close to the target numbers of tourists by switching as well as creating the demands. For further study we plan to build outbound tourism forecasting models using Artificial Neural Networks.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.145-155
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to review the profitability of sixteen university hospitals of oriental medicine during 2007~2009. Data was collected from 16 hospitals that reveal financial statements to the public and the hospitals were classified into 7 groups. Net sales and COGS per 100 beds of the 7 groups were analyzed to measure profitability and as a percentage of net sales, the rates of personnel expenses, maintenance costs, and material costs were evaluated. The results showed that six groups had consecutively recorded net loss in medical services and differences in profitability among 7 groups were substantial. The analysis showed the profitability was significant for medium-sized hospitals. The rates of personnel expenses in net sales were above 50% in 6 groups with net loss and one group with net profit was 45%. This result indicate the rate of personnel expenses in net sales could be the main factor affecting profitability and further studies are recommended to analyze the determinants of profitability in oriental medical hospitals.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.52-63
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the quality of life (QOL) and to identify the factors influencing QOL in gynecological cancer patients. Methods: The subjects of this study were 242 people who were receiving medical therapy or follow-up after surgery from one general hospital in Daegu. Data were collected from August 1, 2010 to January 31, 2011. A questionnaire including questions on QOL, distress score, distress problem, depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived health status and body image were completed by the subjects. Results: The mean score of QOL was $70.68{\pm}13.40$. Religion, job, presence of spouse, level of education, household income, financial compensation, disease stage and recurrence were the significant factors related to QOL. Distress score, distress problem, depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived health status and body image were also significant factors influencing QOL. Sixty eight percent of the variance in subjective overall QOL can be explained by body image, distress problem, distress score, anxiety, level of education and perceived health status (Cum $R^2$=0.689, F=76.316, $p$ <.001). Body image was the most important factor related to QOL. Conclusion: An integrative care program which includes general, disease-related and psychosocial characteristics of patients is essential to improve QOL in gynecological cancer patients.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.151-163
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• 2013

It goes without saying that the technology innovation plays an important role in the sustainable growth of the firm in the global economy. It, however, is not easy to fulfill this simple and obvious fact. Because there are a lot of barriers hindering innovation activities of firms and innovations are interrupted or don't even attempts by this barriers. So in this paper, I study barriers of firms that try to innovation and how much negative impact exist on firm's innovation performance by that. And also I try to find influence on firm's performance because of declined innovation activities. To prove this, KIS(Korean Innovation Survey) 2008, which was surveyed by STEPI(Science and Technology Policy Institute), is used to find relationships among variables; innovation barriers, innovation activities and firm's performance. In the result, I find that financial barrier influence negatively to the process innovation with small business, capable barrier influence negatively to the process innovation with large business and organizational barrier influence negatively to the process innovation with both small and large business. And, it also appear that organizational barrier has not moderating effect but process efficiency has moderating effect significantly with small business that have more positive effect.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.139-152
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• 1996

The objectives of this study are : (1) to measure the level of economic stress perception in Korean farm households. (2) to identify the effects of related variables such as socio-demographic variables and economic stability. The data from 505 farm households' wives was analyzed using statistical methods such as frequency, correlation, oneway ANOVA, lease significant difference test, and stepwise multiple regression. The major findings are as follows : The mean value of economic stress perception on the 505 wives was 33.5 points out of a possible 100. Among 3 subsectors, income stress perception had highest score. Socio- demographic variables such as family size, type of farm household, financial manager, debt, credit . grant assistant, wife's age, and educational level of the wife had a significant difference on the economic stress perception of wives in the ANOVA analysis. So did the objective and subjective evaluation of economic stability. As a result of multiple regression analysis, economic stability, debt presence, and wife age were verified explaining 23% of the variance of economic stress perception. Therefore, it can be said that farm wives had relatively high economic stress perception in the case of low economic stability, getting into debt and low age.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.211-234
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• 2006

The purpose of IT Service Level Management(SLM) has recently shifted from being a simple financial contract(SLA contract itself) towards a system(SLA management system) for the management of the customer's expectations and the provider's service. The aim of this paper is to introduce and present the systematic SLM using statistical method. We discuss the service level according to two points of view: statistical method and service level management. First, we go into more detail on the objective service level using statistical method. Second, we give an overview of total service level assessment method. The proposed framework enables to measure total service level as IT outsourcing performance quantitatively from the aspect of business strategy.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.629-640
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the scale to measure dementia patient's caregiver burden of Korea. In the first phase of the study, 15 caregivers of dementia patients were interviewed to provide narrative data from which items were developed. Initially 65 items were generated from the interview data of 15 caregivers. Content validity was judged by two separate panels of experts with 27 professionals and 30 family caregivers. These items were analyzed through the Index of Content Validity and 33 items were selected which met .80 or more of the CVI. This preliminary FCBSD-K was tested with 207 adult caregivers for reliability and construct validity including item analysis and orthogonal(Varimax) factor analysis. Eight items were deleted because of high or low item-item correlation. The result of the second factor analysis produced six factors that coincided with the conceptual framework posed for the scale developed. The six factors were labeled as 'physio social factor' 'emotional factor' 'family cultural factor' 'role obligation' 'guilt feeling' and 'financial & supportive system factor'. The alpha coefficient relating to internal consistency was .9264 for reliability. In conclusion, cultural factor is related to dementia patient's caregiver burden and FCBSD-K was useful in assessing the dementia patient's caregiver burden in Korea.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.17-29
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• 2012

Delays are one of the biggest problems facing by the construction industry and they have significant financial and social impact in construction projects. The paper presents a framework of Delay Analysis System (DAS) with the aim of analysing the impact of delay factors in Libyan construction projects. The system has designed by integrating the possible delay factors, critical activities of a project using@risk simulator. A case study of building project was demonstrated to identify the impact of delays and the sensitivity of delay factor. The case study result showed that the project might be delayed by 97 to 103 days in comparison to the planned duration. The developed DAS is a tool for analysing and identify the impacts of delay factors and assist to construction manager to take necessary measure in reducing the delay impact. The paper provides a methodology for analysing the possible delay impact in a construction project and informing to construction manager in advance of the possible delay factors.