• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.181-198
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• 2024

Fashion stress is a pertinent aspect of modern consumer culture that has been underexplored in academic research. This study developed a conceptual framework of fashion stress and a multidimensional scale to measure consumers' fashion stress. The qualitative study included literature reviews on consumption stress, shopping stress, and consumer behavior, as well as focus group interviews to gain insight into various dimensions of fashion stress. NVivo 12.0 was used to analyze the qualitative data and identify core categories following the grounded theory methodology. The quantitative study involved a preliminary and a primary surveys to verify the validity and reliability of the fashion stress scale. A total of 220 questionnaires were used for data analysis. The results show that fashion stress consists of eight factors: care, shopping, fit, brand, financial, closet, style, and disposal. Choice difficulty plays a significant role in all factors of fashion stress. Moreover, shopping stress had a negative impact on impulse buying, while other factors such as fit, brand, closet, and disposal stress had a positive impact on impulse buying. Thus, fashion stress is a potential antecedent of impulsive consumer behavior. The results also confirm the validity and reliability of the scale. The fashion stress scale developed in this study offers researchers a valuable tool for assessing and understanding consumer experiences.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.87-104
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• 2023

Recently, concerns are growing over small and medium-sized companies holding out on debt as domestic loan interest rates have risen sharply due to the prolonged impact of COVID-19 and soaring raw material prices. In addition, loans from small and medium-sized enterprises, which are difficult in the business environment, are increasingly being rejected due to high loan interest rates and excessive submission documents and financial statements-oriented screening of loans by the financial sector. Therefore, since it is necessary to discuss ways to promote financing and investment by SMEs, this study intends to suggest ways to promote investment through the use of SMEs' ESG systems. The purpose of this study is to suggest that the use of ESG evaluation indicators used as non-financial indicators helps predict the corporate value of SMEs and the importance of SMEs actively participating in ESG information disclosure. This study suggests the necessity of introducing and practicing ESG by SMEs where financing is important, and aims to analyze as an empirical result that the use of non-financial indicators helps predict corporate value. As a result of the study, the ESG performance and corporate value of SMEs showed a positive (+) relationship. It can be seen that both the grades and corporate value of SMEs by ESG sector have a positive (+) influence relationship. The total ESG rating was confirmed to have a positive effect on corporate value, and it was confirmed that SMEs with higher ESG environment, social, and governance ratings were evaluated higher. According to the research results, it is suggested that SMEs also need to use ESG evaluation indicators, and in order to promote the growth of SMEs, it is suggested that research on ways to re-examine the corporate value of SMEs is necessary. Therefore, this study suggests that the use of ESG should be actively recommended and implemented as a way to establish a management strategy for SMEs, and that efforts to disclose ESG information can soon help SMEs solve information asymmetry. In addition, SMEs want to understand the investment mechanism that the introduction and practice of ESG can lead to the improvement of the value of SMEs and suggest the necessity of SME-type ESG policies in the future.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2015

It is widely believed that increasing socio-economic polarization inspired by globalization and economic restructuring worsens residential segregation by class in Korean cities. However, the existing literature falls short in showing the recent changes of the residential segregation, particularly after the 1997 financial crisis, with reliable and systematic segregation measures. Noting that there are the two major dimension in residential segregation - evenness-concentration and exposure-clustering - this study introduced not only global measure (dissimilarity index and isolation/interaction index) but also local measures (location quotient and Local Moran's I) for each dimension. These measures are applied to the case study of Seoul in the 2000s. The class is defined by education attainment and the data is obtain through the MicroData System Service System(MDSS). The result shows that the residential segregation by education attainment persists through 2000s and even get worse in some dimension. More significantly, it turns out that high-class and low-class residence are nearly mirror-images of each other, indicating high segregation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2020

There has not been any scientific analysis on appropriate size of workforce and salary for civilian workers in military so far. Thus, this paper conducted analysis on propriety in employment size of military doctrine researchers using system dynamic methodology based on annual military doctrine workload. Vensim software was mainly used to measure complement of the research group based on data from job analysis. Secondly, a multiple regression analysis was performed to study an appropriate wage for researchers based on their expertise and working condition. The data from twenty public research institutions and twenty eight job positions that are performing similar duty with military doctrine researchers was obtained and utilized to create a salary-estimation regression equation in the analysis. Finally, with cost-benefit analysis method this paper studied financial effectiveness of hiring military doctrine researchers. Contingent valuation method, which has been recognized as one of the most effective methodologies in cost-benefit analysis on intangible value, was utilized to measure benefit of hiring the researchers. The methodology presented in this paper can be applied to measure and improve the efficiency of military organization not only in military doctrine research area but also in several military functional area (military training, logistics, administration, combat development, and combat support).

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.181-192
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• 1993

This study was undertaken to investigate the factorial structure of clothing purchase motives, and to examine the relationship between clothing purchase motives, self-concept, and post-purchase clothing satisfaction of males. Questionnaire was comprised of three sections: 25 Likert type statements of clothing purchase motive measure; post-purchase clothing satisfaction measure; and three self-concepts measure(physical, personal, and social self-concept). For the measurement of self-concepts, a portion of‘Self-Concept Scale’by Wonshik Chung was used. Samples were 312 male white collar workers in Seoul, whose age were ranged from 20 to 39. the data were analyzed using factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study were the followings: 1. Six factors of clothing purchase motives derived by factor analysis. 21 items having a factor loading of ± .40 or higher were given consideration in the interpretation of each factor: F.1‘clothing dsign’; F.2‘fashion and impulsive buying’, F.3‘clothing utility’; F.4‘others influence’: F.5‘financial margin’; F.6‘clothing’2. Male consumers perceived the purchase motive of‘clothing design’to be the most important,‘clothing deficiency’the second important, and‘others influence’the least important. 3. Physical, personal, and social self-concept had positive relations to the purchase motive of‘clothing design’and negative relations to the‘clothing deficiency’. Physical self-concept had negative relation to the motive of‘others influence’. 4. Male consumers high in physical, personal, and social self-concept had more positive attitude in the evaluation of post-purchase clothing satisfaction. 5. Post-purchase clothing satisfaction was influenced most by the purchase motive of‘clothing design’, and next by physical self-concept, and age. Age of subjects had negative relation to post-purchase clothing satisfaction. The explanatory power of the 3 variables was 19.9%.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-29
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• 2009

As foreign investors' share holdings in Korean firms have dramatically increased since 1998 following the financial deregulation on the limit of foreign stock investment, the concern over the negative impacts the foreign investors would bring on the firms' financial policy has been growing too. Foreign investors were perceived to require the firms of excessive payments of cash dividends sometimes with threat of hostile takeover trials detering the firm from investing its cash flow in the physical facilities and RandD eroding their potential growth capabilities. We examine the impact of foreign investment on the firms' dividend policy using 234 listed firms' panel data over the sample periods of 1998 to 2005 employing various panel regression methodology. Foreign shareholders are found not to be related or even negatively related to the payout ratio(dividend/net income), but positively and statistically significantly related to the ratio of cash dividends to book of asset, negatively to the dividend yields. Considering the payout ratio is the most appropriate measure for the dividend payment, we can not support the arguments that the foreign investors' holdings have induced the excessive dividend level in Korean firms.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.75-80
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• 2016

Purpose - A growing demand for sustainability reporting has placed pressure on firms with non-financial information that affects firm valuation, growth, and development. In particular, a number of researchers have investigated various topics in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), non-financial information. Prior studies suggest that CSR may affect corporate outcomes like corporate reporting, financial performance, and disclosures. However, the results from prior studies are not clear whether CSR affects corporate outcomes. This is partially due to the measurement issues with CSR. In this study, we examine whether CSR affects the quality of corporate reporting, one of the popular measures in corporate outcomes. We find an evidence that CSR positively affects the quality of corporate reporting. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, we collected a unique dataset of CSR from MSCI. Total 169 firms listed in the Korean Stock Exchange from 2011 to 2014 were collected and analysed with the detailed CSR reports. Using a correlation test, we found a weak association between CSR and the quality of corporate reporting. However, the regression tests provided a strong relationship between CSR and the quality of corporate reporting after controlling for other variables that may affect the quality of corporate reporting. Additionally, we calculated the t-statistics based on heteroskedaticity-consistent standard errors (White, 1980). Results - Before we run the regression test, we sort the measures of the two dependent variables into each rating of CSR (from AAA to CCC). The results indicate that the quality of corporate reporting measured by discretionary accruals and performance-matched discretionary accruals monotonically decrease as the CSR ratings increase. This supports our hypothesis. In the regression tests, the coefficient on MJDA (PMDA) is -0.183 (-0.173) and significant at the 5% level. We can interpret the results as CSR affecting the quality of corporate reporting in positive ways. Other coefficients on control variables are consistent with prior studies. For example, the coefficients on both LOSS and LEV are positive and significant at conventional level, meaning that firms with financial difficulty may harm their quality of corporate reporting. Conclusion - We found an evidence that CSR is positively associated with the quality of corporate reporting. This study contributes to the literature in various ways. First, this study extends the line of CSR research by providing additional evidence in the setting of ethical behaviors by managements. This is consistent with the hypothesis and supports the results of prior studies. Second, to the best of my knowledge, this is the first study using the MSCI CSR ratings. In contrast with prior studies using different measures of CSR, the MSCI CSR ratings allow us to provide in-depth analysis. Third, the additional measure of dependent variable (PMDA) allows us to improve the robustness of our results. Overall, the results provided this study to extend the findings in prior studies by providing incremental evidence.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.229-249
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• 2011

The exchange rate change has been increased since the time when the floating exchange rate system was introduced in Korea. As a result, the increase of the exchange rate changes raised the risk in international trades in Korea. Also after Bretton Woods System broke down, the increasing exchange rate fluctuation raised the risk in international trade. The purpose of this dissertation is to study whether this incomplete pass-through exists in Korean export industry and furthermore to measure the markup rate of the export price using real data since Global Financial Crisis. The estimation results of the export price determination model by Error Correction Model shows that the export price of Korea has been greatly influenced by the export prices and exchange rates against U.S. Dollar of rival countries, domestic producer price as well as the Korean Won-U.S. Dollar exchange rate and also business coincidence index of U.S. in demand. Particularly, the pass-through rate of Korean Won-U.S. Dollar exchange rate to export price is estimated to be incomplete, which contrasts with the propositions of traditional exchange rate determination approach, e. g. elasticity approach, monetary approach, etc.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.614-623
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the financial performance of regional public hospitals on their efficiency. In addition, the analysis of their efficiency using environmental factors, such as the market share, operating mode, and size of the regional public hospitals, as well as the factors influencing their efficiency, are selected by selecting the input and output factors of the hospitals and some differences were found between them. The DEA index and financial performance of the 31 regional public hospitals were calculated for the three years from 2012 to 2014. ANOVA and hierarchical regression analysis were used. As a result, there was a significant difference in their efficiency according to the environmental factors, such as the city scale of the regional public hospital, the number of hospital beds, and their business performance, productivity, and publicness. The medical profit margin (p<0.05), labor cost investment efficiency (p<0.05) and HHI (p<0.05) were found to affect the efficiency. In order to identify the inefficiencies of the regional public hospitals and increase their efficiency, it is necessary to measure the efficiency of the input resources and to reduce their cost. In addition, if the regional public hospitals were to provide specialized services, such as specialized functions of medical care that would give them a competitive advantage over private hospitals, their operational efficiency would be enhanced and they would be able to fulfill their role as public medical institutions.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.165-178
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• 2023

This paper presented a management model for continuous development and co-prosperity between freight car transportation companies and consigned car owners, which are the subjects of the consignment system. A structural equation-based questionnaire was created to measure the variables necessary for establishing a management model, such as business owners' perceptions of each other and their needs for improvement, by analyzing the internal and external environment of the freight transport market and conducting surveys of freight companies and consigned vehicle owners. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the rationality of the consignment system did not have a significant effect on financial performance or the level of transportation service, while the external environment and compensation system of the transportation business had a significant impact on financial performance and level of transportation service. In addition, the rationality of the consignment system does not affect the improvement of the relationship between project entities, but it does affect the level of trust. It was confirmed that the external environment and compensation system of the transport business have an effect on both relationship improvement and trust level improvement. It was found that the level of trust affects financial performance, and relationship improvement does not affect both financial performance and transportation service level. It is necessary to manage the consignment system based on the confirmed analysis results in order for the domestic freight company and the consigned vehicle owner to coexist and develop each other in the truck transportation market.