• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.596-608
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to compare the apical leakage and adaptation to the dentinal wall of a glass ionomer root canal cement(Ketac-Endo) with those of AH-26 and Tubli-Seal. 102 single-rooted teeth were insrumented with step-back technique and randomly divided into four groups according to kinds of root canal cements: Ketac-Endo, AH-26, Tubli-Seal, and no root canal cement. Four experimental groups were as follows; Group 1 : Filling with gutta-percha and Ketac-Endo Group 2 : Filling with gutta-percha and AH-26 Group 3 : Filling with gutta-percha and Tubli-Seal Group 4 : Filling with gutta-percha without root canal cement All the specimens were obturated with lateral condensation technique, and stored in 100% humidity for 4 days. 20 teeth in each group were placed in centrifuge tube filled with India ink, and then centrifuged for 20 minutes at 3,000 rpm. And they were evaluated for linear dye leakage using a stereoscope and analyzed by one-way ANOVA. 22 teeth were split longitudinally and evaluated the adaptation to the dentinal wall using scanning electron microscope(4 teeth in each group) and stereoscope(2 teeth in 1, 2, 3 group). The obtained results were as follows ; 1. In case of not used root canal cement(Group 4), there was showed much degree of dye penetration comparerd with used root canal cements (Group 1, 2, 3)(P<0.01). 2. In the case of used root canal cements(Group 1, 2, 3), there was no significant difference in linear leakage in groups(P>0.01). 3. In the case of used root canal cements(Group 1, 2, 3), there was showed intimate adaptation to the dentinal wall independent on kinds of root canal cements. 4. Fractured surfaces indicated failure of cohesion in Ketac-Endo, and failure of adhesion to dentine in AH-26 and Tubli-Seal. 5. According to similar apical leakage and adaptability to the dentinal wall to another root canal cements, it is possible to be used glass-ionomer cement as root canal cement.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.732-743
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adaptation of light cured dentin bonding agents to tooth structure by measuring contraction gaps on interfaces between cavity wall and composite resin under SEM study. In this study, class V cavities with cementum margin were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 15 extracted human premolar teeth and teeth were randomly assigned 3 groups of 5 teeth each. The cavities were filled with three dentin bonding agents and two composite resins were investigated for this study: three dentin bonding agents; Scotchbond 2, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose. All-Bond 2, two composite resins; Silux Pius, Z-100. Group 1 : Scotchbond 2 + Silux Plus Group 2 : Scotchbond Multi~Purpose + Z-100 Group 3 : All-Bond 2 + Z-100 The restored teeth were stored in 100% relative humidity at $37^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. And then, the roots of the teeth were removed with the tapered fissure bur and the remaining crowns were sectioned occlusogingivally through the center of restorations. Adaptation at tooth-restoration interface was assesed occlusally, gingivally, and axially by scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows : 1. In Group 1, the adaptation to dentinal wall of Scotchbond 2 was poor, but the adaptation to enamel wall of Scotchbond 2 was excellent. 2. In Group 2, the adaptation to occlusal was axial wall and gingival wall of Scotchbond Multi-Purpose was excellent. Especially in axially wall, the dentin bonding agents infiltrated into dentinal tubules and there was excellent adaptation to dentinal wall. 3. In Group 3, the adaptation to occlusal wall and axial wall of All-Bond 2 was excellent. But in gingival wall, there was gap formation between composite resin and dentin bonding agent.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.258-264
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• 2014

Objectives: This in vitro study aimed to investigate the ability of Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) to penetrate dentinal tubules of instrumented and retreated root canal surface of split human teeth. Materials and Methods: Sixty intact extracted human single-rooted teeth were divided into 4 groups, negative control, positive control without canal instrumentation, instrumented, and retreated. Root canals in the instrumented group were enlarged with endodontic instruments, while root canals in the retreated group were enlarged, filled, and then removed the canal filling materials. The teeth were split longitudinally after canal preparation in 3 groups except the negative control group. The teeth were inoculated with both microorganisms separately and in combination. Teeth specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the depth of penetration into the dentinal tubules was assessed using the SMILE view software (JEOL Ltd). Results: Penetration of C. albicans and E. faecalis into the dentinal tubules was observed in all 3 groups, although penetration was partially restricted by dentin debris of tubules in the instrumented group and remnants of canal filling materials in the retreated group. In all 3 groups, E. faecalis penetrated deeper into the dentinal tubules by way of cell division than C. albicans which built colonies and penetrated by means of hyphae. Conclusions: Microorganisms can easily penetrate dentinal tubules of root canals with different appearance based on the microorganism size and status of dentinal tubules.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.131-135
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• 2021

Purpose: Depression is a condition that weakens psychosocial functioning and reduces quality of life. In Korea, the prevalence of depression among the elderly is 29.2% and depression is a considerable public health concern for the elderly. Depression has a statistically significant relationship with oral conditions such as number of teeth and salivary flow rate. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is the concept including subjective evaluations of psychological, physical and social aspects of oral health. Tooth loss and hyposalivation can affect mental health and quality of life. Our study was designed to identify the relationship among the number of teeth, salivation, OHRQoL, and depressive symptoms in the elderly in Korea. Methods: We recruited 100 participants, aged over 65 years, and assessed their number of teeth, unstimulated salivary flow rate. All participants filled out oral health impact profile 14 (OHIP-14) and Zung self-rating depression score (SDS) for checking OHRQoL and depressive symptoms. Statistical analysis was done by R program. Results: We found that the positive relationship between OHIP-14 and SDS after Mann-Whitney test (p=0.03). The lower SDS group had an OHIP-14 median score of 4. On the other hand, the higher SDS group had a median value of 7.5. The other factors (number of teeth and salivary flow rate) did not show correlations with OHIP-14 or SDS. Conclusions: OHRQoL and depressive symptoms have significant correlation.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2016

본 연구는 치아가 외모에 미치는 영향에 대한 인식 및 자신의 치아 만족도, 주관적인 치아에 대한 인식과 자아존중감에 대해 살펴보고, 이들의 관련성에 대해 조사함으로써 향후 치아 미용 관련 환자의 진료에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 2015년 5월부터 8월까지 서울 및 경기지역에 거주하는 일반인 320명의 자료를 수집하여 이중 응답이 미흡한 18부를 제외한 302(94.38%)부를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 적합된 회귀모형은 통계적으로 유의하였으며(p<0.001), 모형 설명력은 23.4%로 나타났으며, 선정된 독립변수 중 학력(대졸 이상)과 치아가 외모에 미치는 영향에 대한 인식, 주관적인 치아에 대한 인식은 자아존중감에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과 주관적인 치아에 대한 인식이 증가할수록 자아존중감을 향상되는 것으로 나타나 치과를 내원하는 환자들의 구강건강을 향상시킬 수 있도록 이와 관련된 구강보건교육을 시행하고, 치아의 색이나 배열 등을 개선할 수 있는 적극적인 의료서비스를 제공하여 자신감과 만족감을 더 고취시킬 수 있어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.32-40
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• 1998

Alveolar ridge augmentation and preservation techniques designed to reconstruct deformed alveolar ridge now occupy a major role in esthetic dentistry. Previously, deformed alveolar ridges were filled with plastic materials(porcelain or resin) of prosthesis to restore ridge contours, which resulted in larger teeth and food impaction under the pontic base. So, prostheses of this type were unacceptable and really detectable when patients smiled. But nowadays, alveolar ridge augmentation procedures enable the dentists to provide patients with fixed prostheses that are esthetic. The development of guided tissue regeneration technique and materials also have made a major impact on extending the scope of therapeutic horizons in dentistry.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.357-367
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength of class II restored premolars with amalgam, posterior composite, amalgam - Ketac silver, resin - Ketac silver restorations at marginal ridge. Fifty extacted maxillary and mandibular premolar teeth that were caries free, fracture free, and restoration free were selected and randomly divided into five groups : Group 1 : 10 intact teeth, Group 2 : 10 teeth with class II cavities and restored with, amalgam, Group 3: 10 teeth with class II cavities and restored with posterior resin, Group 4 : 10 teeth with class II cavities and restored with amalgam - ketac silver, Group 5 : 10 teeth with class II cavities and restored with resin - Ketac silver. All teeth were mounted in base of dental stone within metal rings of 2cm diameter, exposing only the crown portion. Class II mesio - occlusal or disto - occlusal cavities were prepared into specimens of Group 2 through 5 by using a No. 710 fissure bur. The occlusal portion was prepared to a faciolingual width of 1.5mm and a pulpal depth of 1.5mm. The proximal protion was prepared to a faciolingual width of 4mm, a occlusogingival height of 4mm, and a gingival floor of 1.5mm. The teeth in Group 2 and 3 were resotored with silver amalgam apd posterior resin respectively. In Group 4 and 5, proximal portions were first filled with Ketac silver 1.5mm gingivally and remaining cavities were restored with amalgam and posterior resin respectively. All specimens were stored in 100 % relative humidity at $37^{\circ}C$ for 48 hours before testing. All teeth were subjected to a compressive load in a Universal Instron Testing Machine at marginal ridges. The loads required to fracture the restorations were recorded in killograms and the data obtained were subjected to statisticall analysis. The results were all follows : 1. The fracture strength of Group 1 which were unprepared were $100{\pm}10.1\;kg$ and the higher values than Group 2, 3, 4, 5 which were prepared and resotred. 2. In restored groups, Group 2 had the higher fracture strength($81.8{\pm}12.4\;kg$) than other groups and Group 4 had the lowest fracture strength($66.8{\pm}9.2kg$). 3. There were significant differences between fracture strength of between Group 1 and Group 3, 4, 5(P<0.05), but not significant difference between fracture strength of Group 2, 3, 4, 5(P>0.05).

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.491-497
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• 2007

이 연구의 목적은 continuous wave of obturation technique으로 근관 충전을 할 때, 다양한 heat source plugger의 깊이에 따른 근단부 근관 폐쇄능력을 비교하는 것이었다. 직선 형태 발거 소구치를 #35/.06 크기까지 니켈티타늄 파일을 사용하여 성형 및 세정하였다. 성형과 세정이 완료된 치아를 heat source plugger의 적용 깊이에 따라 15개씩 5군으로 분류하였다. 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 양성 대조군을 제외한 모든 근관은 E&Q plus(Meta Biomed Co., Chungju, Korea)를 사용하여 #35/.06 gutta-percha cone으로 충전하였다. 모든 치아의 근첨공 주변 1 mm를 제외하고 nail varnish를 도포하였고 음성 대조군은 근첨공을 포함하여 전체 면을 도포하였다. 모든 시편을 1% 메틸렌블루 용액에 72시간 동안 보관한 다음 치근첨으로부터 1, 2, 3 mm 높이에서 수평으로 절단하였다. 각 단면을 $12.5{\times}2.5$배 현미경하에서 관찰하고 디지털 카메라로 촬영하였다. 염색제 누출 평가를 위해 aye-degree scoring system을 사용하였다. 각 절단면에서의 점수를 모두 합하여 한 시편의 점수로 사용하고 통계학적 분석을 하였다. 이 실험 조건하에서, 3-7 mm까지의 heat source plugger의 적용 깊이는 근단부 폐쇄에서 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 5-7 mm의 Buchanan's protocol을 포함한 3-7 mm를 모두 임상 적용에서 받아들여질 만하다고 보인다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제50권9호
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• pp.574-585
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• 2012

Purpose : This study was performed to evaluate the healing response around the root perforation restorative material. Materials and Methods : Four beagle dogs were used for experimental study. Endodontic treatment was performed at four maxillary premolars and artificial perforation was formed at furcation area of pulp chamber. Canal was filled with gutta percha cone and the perforation was sealed with MTA at group 1. At group 2, canal was filled and the perforation was sealed with dentin paste. Tooth paste was fabricated using extracted human teeth. Histologic examination of furcation area was performed 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after experiment. Results : New trabecular bone formation was observed around the MTA and tooth paste. Lamellar bone was observed as time is over. There were no inflammatory reaction in both groups. Conclusion : There is a possibility which endodontic filling material can be developed using extracted teeth.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2017

Objectives: This paper aimed to contribute to better oral disease prevention and practice of health behavior for immigrant women in multi-cultural families, to define missing and filled permanent teeth index of immigrant women, data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was used. Methods: For the immigrant women to be subjects, they needed to be born overseas, had acquired Korean citizenship as a married immigrant women, and the estimate of the number of subjects was 133,093 women. For analyzing data, SPSS 21statistical program was used. We used covariance analysis (ANCOVA) andgeneral linear models for finding the relation with the missing and filled permanent teeth index. The significance level was 0.05. Results: DMFT-index of immigrant women was 7.33 points. $R^2$ was 0.416; and increased with age, and $R^2$ was 0.126 points higher (p<0.01). In household income, 'lower' was 5.933 points lower than 'upper' (p<0.05), and in toothbrushing after lunch, 'yes' was 3.598 points lower than 'no' (p<0.01). In preventive treatment, 'yes' was 4.301 points lower than 'no' (p<0.05). Conclusions: The result of this paper is as follows: for maintaining oral health of immigrant women, we think that the government needs to develop an oral health policy and a customized education system suited to immigrant women for preventive management of dental disease in immigrant women. In addition, basic data will be provided for public dental health programs based on the result of the study.