• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.36-41
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to generate virtual mandibular left first molar teeth using deep convolutional generative adversarial networks (DCGANs) and analyze their matching accuracy with actual tooth morphology to propose a new paradigm for using medical data. Methods: Occlusal surface images of the mandibular left first molar scanned using a dental model scanner were analyzed using DCGANs. Overall, 100 training sets comprising 50 original and 50 background-removed images were created, thus generating 1,000 virtual teeth. These virtual teeth were classified based on the number of cusps and occlusal surface ratio, and subsequently, were analyzed for consistency by expert dental technicians over three rounds of examination. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0 (IBM), including intraclass correlation coefficient for intrarater reliability, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post-hoc analysis. Results: Virtual mandibular left first molars exhibited high consistency in the occlusal surface ratio but varied in other criteria. Moreover, consistency was the highest in the occlusal buccal lingual criteria at 91.9%, whereas discrepancies were observed most in the occusal buccal cusp criteria at 85.5%. Significant differences were observed among all groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the classification of the virtually generated left mandibular first molar according to several criteria, DCGANs can generate virtual data highly similar to real data. Thus, subsequent research in the dental field, including the development of improved neural network structures, is necessary.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.39-53
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• 2014

This paper is to survey the research process and the problems in statistics of The Chronicle of Korea Fishery. The contents of The Chronicle were researched by two groups. One group is the managers of every province, the other group is the officers of every county. The managers performed the literature investigation research and field study and also arranged the reports from the county officers. But the managers seemed not to pay the full attention about the consistency of contents. The main contents about fishery are the number of coastal households and population, the number of fishery households and population, the number of fishing boats and fishing net. The body of The Choronicle and the table of fishing affairs in the appendages must be carefully compared to use the statistics. Though these statistics lack the consistency, the number of fishery households and boats deserves the attention. The fishing households account for less than 3% of all households, and about one third of fishing households has fishing boat.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.685-698
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• 2001

In this paper, a general method for the automatic search for Strut-and-Tie (S&T) models representative of possible resistant mechanisms in reinforced concrete elements is proposed. The representativeness criterion here adopted is inspired to the principle of minimum strain energy and requires the consistency of the model with a reference stress field. In particular, a highly indeterminate pin-jointed framework of a given layout is generated within the assigned geometry of the concrete element and an optimum truss is found by the minimisation of a suitable objective function. Such a function allows us to search the optimum truss according to a reference stress field deduced through a F.E.A. and assumed as representative of the given continuum. The theoretical principles and the mathematical formulation of the method are firstly explained; the search for a S&T model suitable for the design of a deep beam shows the method capability in handling the reference stress path. Finally, since the analysis may consider the structure as linear-elastic or cracked and non-linear in both the component materials, it is shown how the proposed procedure allows us to verify the possibilities of activation of the design model, oriented to the serviceability condition and deduced in the linear elastic field, by following the evolution of the resistant mechanisms in the cracked non-linear field up to the structural failure.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.6 no.2 s.12
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• pp.91-103
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• 1998

The digital map data of national basemap which will be basic data of the information age is accomplished to produce and are ready to distribute to public. Generally, the quality of digital map is affected to data history, position accuracy, attribute accuracy, logical consistency and completeness. The quality of digital map Is assured to use basic data for the field of various appication. The purpose of this study is to develop automated qualify control program of digital map through analysis type of errors in digital mapping, to determine method of high quality digital mapping. As a results of this study, The automated quality control program of digital map is developed to assure logical consistency and completeness of digital map which is used to principal data in the field of GIS and is determined the process of high quality digital mapping. Also, the results of this study is contributed to quality assrence and accuracy improvement of national basemap digital mapping database.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2008

In this study, we propose a new three-node hybrid-mixed curved beam element with the relaxed-equiribrium stress functions for static analysis. The proposed element considering shear deformation is based on the Hellinger-Reissner variational principle. The stress functions are carefully chosen from three important considerations: (i) all the kinematic deformation modes must be suppressed, and (ii) the spurious constraints must be removed in the limiting behaviors via the field-consistency, and (iii) the relaxed equilibrium conditions could be incorporated because it might be impossible to select the stress functions and parameters to fully satisfy both the equiribrium conditions and the suppression of kinematic deformation modes in the three-node curved beam hybrid-mixed formulation. Numerical examples confirm the superior and stable behavior of the proposed element regardless of slenderness ratio and curvature. Besides, the proposed element shows the outstanding performance in predicting the stress resultant distributions.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.598-604
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• 2009

This paper proposes a vehicle detector with an anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) sensor and addresses experimental results to show the detector's performance. The detector consists of an AMR sensor and mechanical and electronic apparatuses. The AMR sensor, composed of four magnetoresistors, senses disturbance of the earth's magnetic field caused by a vehicle moving over the sensor and then produces an output indicative of the moving vehicle. This paper verifies performance of the detector on the basis of experimental results obtained from the field tests carried under the two traffic conditions on local highways in Korea. First, I show the vehicle counting performance on a low speed congested highway by comparing the vehicle counts measured by the detector with the exact counts. Second, both vehicle counts and average speeds calculated from the measured point-occupancy on another continuously free running highway are compared with the reference values obtained from a loop detector which has two independent loop coils, where I have used several performance indices including mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) to show the performance consistency between the two types of detectors.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1747-1754
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• 2004

In this study, a new harmonic axisymmetric thick shell element for static and dynamic analyses is proposed. The newly proposed element considering shear strain is based on a modified Hellinger-Reissner variational principle, and introduces additional nodeless degrees for displacement field interpolation in order to enhance numerical performance. The stress parameters selected via the field-consistency concept. are very important in formulating a trouble-free hybrid-mixed elements. For computational efficiency, the stress parameters are eliminated by the stationary condition and then the nodeless degrees are condensed out by the dynamic reduction. Several numerical examples confirm that the present element shows improved efficiency and yields very accurate results for static and vibration analyses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.561-568
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• 2002

PFA(Paper Fly Ash) are reclaimed mainly or used in cement industry field as mixture agent in terms of materials recycling. Recently, research for recycling PFA as embankment materials or soil stabilization agent are undergoing in geotechnical engineering field. In this study, physical characteristics of PFA stabilization agent-soil admixtures are examined in change of water content, void ratio, consistency, grain distribution, specific gravity and density. Futhermore, the physical characteristics are compared with unconfined strength as engineering characteristics. Test results showed that unconfined strength and density are increased with increasing of PFA stabilization agent mixed ratio. On the other hand, specific gravity, void ratio and water content are decreased with increasing of PFA stabilization agent mixed ratio. It would be concluded that natural high water content ratio weak soil could be highly improved engineering and physical characteristics with PFA stabilization agent

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.260-266
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• 2009

The theory of risk is applied frequently in analysis of railway accidents. The aim of risk analysis is to search potential causes and contribution factors of accidents by checking the total system of construction field. This paper analyze a pattern and a cause of accident occupied in construction field, calculate risk index considering accident frequency and severity, and then provide the relative risk assessment. Based on this, this paper will provide the methodology of qualitative risk assessment guiding to reach a consistency of risk index with risk assessment.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.5-34
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• 2018

In this research, we intended to discover all types of information related to international research cooperation, collect information by each type, and build a database. To this end, we initially developed metadata, discussed with metadata experts to develop metadata in the primary phase, and conducted a survey on the experts related to international research cooperation. Furthermore, we collected and entered data in the meta field for each type of information source, and verified the meta field through processes such as the existence of actual data for each meta field, among others. The types of database designed in this research are the international research cooperation information source database, international research cooperation project database, international research cooperation expert database, international research cooperation institution database, international organization database, and other database, and as a result of validating of the field by entering the data by conducting the survey, the survey results and the data entry rate by field demonstrated such a high rate of consistency. However, only the international organization data field was confirmed to have approximately 25% of the field having the data entry rate of less than 10% despite the high rate of significance rated by the users.