• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.44-50
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• 2010

Structural vibration is a significant problem in many multi-part or multi-component assemblies. In aircraft industry, structures are composed of various fasteners, such as bolts, snap, hinge, weld or other fastener or connector (collectively "fasteners"). Due to these, prediction and design involving dynamic characteristics is quite complicated. However, the current state of the art does not provide an analytical tool to effectively predict structure's dynamic characteristics, because consideration of structural uncertainties (i.e. material properties, geometric tolerance, dimensional tolerance, environment and so on) is difficult and very small fasteners in the structure cause a huge amount of analysis time to predict dynamic characteristics using the FEM (finite element method). In this study, to resolve the current state of the art, a new approach is proposed using the FEM and probabilistic analysis. Firstly, equivalent elements are developed using simple element (e.g. bar, beam, mass) to replace fasteners' finite element model. Developed equivalent elements enable to explain static behavior and dynamic behavior of the structure. Secondly, probabilistic analysis is applied to evaluate the PDF (probability density function) of dynamic characteristics due to tolerance, material properties and so on. MCS (Monte-Carlo simulation) is employed for this. Proposed methodology offers efficiency of dynamic analysis and reality of the field as well. Simple plates joined by fasteners are taken as an example to illustrate the proposed method.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.407-412
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• 2003

In order to measure an antifreezing tolerance, antifreeze proteins accumulated upon cold acclimation in apoplast were analyzed. As Dongborilho were cold-acclimated for 3 to 74 days there was an abrupt increase in apoplastic proteins up to 30 days and then decrease to the similar levels. Among the known antifreeze proteins, CLP produced in E. coli. and TLP purified from apoplast were used to generate antisera that allow to measure and localize the proteins in leaves of barley. The CLP of 27.7 kDa and TLPs of 6, 26, 27, 30, and 31 kDa were increased in their amounts in apoplast as cold treatment being longer. There was a correlation among the amounts of those proteins accumulated in apoplast and freezing tolerance as shown in field and ion leakage tests for five cultivars. The deposit of CLP was localized in the marginal area and the area adjacent to leaf vescular bundle cells in an increasing manner according to duration of cold acclimation but no variation was observed in terms of it's distribution. Based on the close correlation between levels of antifreeze proteins and degrees of freezing tolerance, the immunological methods was to develop to estimate a freezing tolerance in barley.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.63-70
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• 2022

The essence of the definition of "tolerance" is analyzed. Motivational, knowledge and behavioral criteria for tolerance of future teachers are highlighted. Indicators of the motivational criterion are the formation of value orientations, motivational orientation, and the development of empathy. Originality and productivity of thoughts and judgments, tact of dialogue, pedagogical ethics and tact are confirmed as indicators of the knowledge criterion. The behavioral criterion includes social activity as a life position, emotional and volitional endurance, and self-control of one's own position. The formation of tolerance is influenced by a number of factors: the social environment, the information society, existing stereotypes and ideas in society, the system of education and relationships between people, and the system of values. The main factors that contribute to the education of tolerance in future teachers are highlighted. Analyzing the structure of tolerance, it is necessary to distinguish the following functions of tolerance: - motivational (determines the composition and strength of motivation for social activity and behavior, promotes the development of life experience, because it allows the individual to accept other points of view and vision of the solution; - informational (understanding the situation, the personality of another person); - regulatory (tolerance has a close connection with the strong - willed qualities of a person: endurance, selfcontrol, self-regulation, which were formed in the process of Education); - adaptive (allows the individual to develop in the process of joint activity a positive, emotional, stable attitude to the activity itself, which the individual carries out, to the object and subject of joint relations). The implementation of pedagogical functions in the information society: educational, organizational, predictive, informational, communicative, controlling, etc. provides grounds to consider pedagogical tolerance as an integrative personal quality of a representative of any profession in the field of "person-person". The positions that should become conditions for the formation of tolerance of the future teacher in the information society are listed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.135-139
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• 2008

For deep basement construction of buildings downtown, the usage of Top-Down Method is increasing as much as ever from strong demand. One of the essential elements for the construction by Top Down Method is the pre-founded columns, which are installed in the ground and on which a building is installed. The fact that the pre-founded columns are placed in the ground makes them susceptible to its plumbness; this aspect distinguishes pre-founded columns from general columns. However, there are no criteria for erection tolerance. Therefore, field-measured-data concerning out-of-plumb of pre-founded columns in the construction field should be accumulated and investigated so that criteria and specifications for the erection tolerance of pre-founded columns may be established through the understanding of its aspects. In this paper, we investigate out-of-plumb of pre-founded columns for the construction case and analyze its aspects, and propose considerations for design and construction phase.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.509-527
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• 2015

Wireless Video Sensor Networks (WVSNs) have become a leading solution in many important applications, such as disaster recovery. By using WVSNs in disaster scenarios, the main goal is achieving a successful immediate response including search, location, and rescue operations. The achievement of such an objective in the presence of obstacles and the risk of sensor damage being caused by disasters is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a fault tolerance model of WVSN for efficient post-disaster management in order to assist rescue and preparedness operations. To get an overview of the monitored area, we used video sensors with a rotation capability that enables them to switch to the best direction for getting better multimedia coverage of the disaster area, while minimizing the effect of occlusions. By constructing different cover sets based on the field of view redundancy, we can provide a robust fault tolerance to the network. We demonstrate by simulating the benefits of our proposal in terms of reliability and high coverage.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.208-214
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• 2022

Drought stress is a condition that occurs frequently in the field, it reduces of the agricultural yield of field crops. The aim of the study was to screen drought-adapted genotype of Italian rye grass. The experiments were conducted between the two Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) cultivars viz. Hwasan (H) and Kowinearly (KE). The plants were exposed to drought for 14 days. The results suggest that the morphological traits and biomass yield of KE significantly affected by drought stress-induced oxidative stress as the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) level was induced, while these parameters were unchanged or less affected in H. Furthermore, the cultivar H showed better adaptation by maintaining several physiological parameter including photosystem-II (Fv/Fm), water use efficiency (WUE) and relative water content (RWC%) level in response to drought stress. These results indicate that the cultivar H shows improved drought tolerance by generic variation, improving photosynthetic efficiency and reducing oxidative stress damages under drought stress. These findings can be useful to the breeder and farmer for improving drought tolerance in Italian rye grass through breeding programs.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.296-305
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• 2008

Whereas fault diagnosis has been the subject of intensive research since the 1970s, the design of fault tolerant systems is a recent research field which does not set its foundations in a unified framework and does not use a unified vocabulary. As a contribution to this special issue, this paper proposes an ontology for the problem of Fault Handling, that embeds the problem of Fault Tolerance.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.176-179
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• 1997

Environmental risk evaluation of transgenic Brassica napus introduced with glufosinate$.$ammonium-tolerance gene was carried out in a field. It is revealed that there was no difference between transgenic and non-transgenic B. napus for characteristics of ecology and morphology. Transgenic plants did not fertilize to any related Brassica species.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.199-204
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• 2011

This study was conducted to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to drought stress tolerance. An introgression line population derived from a cross, "Ilpum" / "Moroberekan" was used in this study. $F_1$ plants were backcrossed three times to Ilpum to produce $BC_3F_1$ plants. These plants were advanced by selfing for four generation and a total of 117 $BC_3F_5$ introgression lines were developed. These lines were evaluated for percent seed set and spikelets per panicle under the control (field) and drought condition. To identify QTLs related to drought tolerance, 134 SSR markers showing polymorph isms between the parents were genotyped for the 117 $BC_3F_5$ lines. A total of 6 QTLs associated with drought stress were detected on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 7 and 10. These include two QTLs for phenotypic acceptability, two QTLs for percent seed set ($R^2$ = 19.0 - 20.9%), and two QTLs for spikelets per panicle ($R^2$ = 22.3 - 23.10%). The Moroberekan alleles at three loci contributed the positive effect for drought tolerance. The SSR markers linked to drought stress tolerance can not only facilitate the selection of valuable genes from Moroberekan, but also allow identification of lines with drought tolerance.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.703-713
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• 2021

The field of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) has undergone significant advancement in recent decades, and VCAs are increasingly common and accepted in the clinical setting, bringing hope of functional recovery to patients with debilitating injuries. A major obstacle facing the widespread application of VCAs is the side effect profile associated with the current immunosuppressive regimen, which can cause a wide array of complications such as infection, malignancy, and even death. Significant concerns remain regarding whether the treatment outweighs the risk. The potential solution to this dilemma would be achieving VCA tolerance, which would allow recipients to receive allografts without significant immunosuppression and its sequelae. Promising tolerance protocols are being studied in kidney transplantation; four major trials have attempted to withdraw immunosuppressive treatment with various successes. The common theme in all four trials is the use of radiation treatment and donor cell transplantation. The knowledge gained from these trials can provide valuable insight into the development of a VCA tolerance protocol. Despite similarities, VCAs present additional barriers compared to kidney allografts regarding tolerance induction. VCA donors are likely to be deceased, which limits the time for significant pre-conditioning. VCA donors are also more likely to be human leukocyte antigen-mismatched, which means that tolerance must be induced across major immunological barriers. This review also explores adjunct therapies studied in large animal models that could be the missing element in establishing a safe and stable tolerance induction method.