• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.195-200
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• 2005

The goal of refining is to treat fibers so they meet the requirements of the papermaking process. The refining process in papermaking has great influence on the quality of the final product by changing the fiber properties, such as fiber length, shape, fine contents and so on. In this study, the effect on the morphological change of fibers by the refining conditions were investigated using the fiber morphology analyzer. Fiber morphology analyzer used to determine which pulps are suitable for producing particular products. Furthermore it is widely used in paper mills to monitor paper quality. The morphological change of fibers according to refining conditions were evaluated out by measuring fiber, shive and fine. In the fiber morphology, the domestic reconstituted tobacco fiber has the bigger average fiber length value than that of the foreign reconstituted tobacco.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2001

During a compression molding process of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composites, control of filling patterns in mold and distribution of fiber is needed to predict the effects of molding parameters on the flow characteristics. To obtain an excellent product and decide optimum molding conditions, it is important to know the relationship between molding conditions and viscosity. In this study, the anisotropic viscosity of the Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composites is measured by using the parallel plastometer. The model for flow state has been simulated by using the viscosity. The composites is treated as an incompressible New-tonian fluid. The effects of longitudinal/transverse viscosity ration A and slip parameter $\alpha$ on buldging phenomenon and mold filling patterns, are also discussed.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.766-771
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• 2000

As using of insulating material of plastic to industrial electric field, thermoset has been gradually substituted for thermoplastic. But changing the material with crystalline has some problem, which is strength or warpage, Especially getting a strength to endure inner pressure is necessary when arc is occurred. So we use the material that is composed of glass fiber to compensate strength. By the way as the reinforced glass-fiber material is used in injection molding, unstableness of dimension is appeared frequently and it is difficult to know warpage pattern. So this paper will be contributed to know warpage pattern of mold product that is upper frame of magnetic contactor caused by glass-fiber orientation with fixed gate-system, when glass-fiber reinforced material with classification of poly-amide is used in injection molding.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.443-448
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• 2008

Fiber reinforced injection molded parts are widely used in recent years because of their improved properties of materials such as specific stiffness, specific strength, and specific toughness. The demand for products with high precision is increasing and it is important to minimize the warpage of the products. The warpage of short-fiber reinforced product is caused by anisotropy induced by fiber orientation as well as the residual stresses induced during the molding process. In order to reduce the warpage of the part, it is important to achieve successful mold design, processing control, and part design. In the present study, the design of gating system, molding condition, and part structure were carried out and verified with numerical analysis using a commercial CAE code Moldflow. The numbers and locations of gates were iteratively determined, and the molding conditions which can decrease the warpage of the part were investigated. Finally, slight structural modification of the part was conducted to reduce the locally concentrated warpage.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.895-911
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• 2023

Processed meat products play a vital role in our daily dietary intake due to their rich protein content and the inherent convenience they offer. However, they often contain synthetic additives and ingredients that may pose health risks when taken excessively. This review explores strategies to improve meat product quality, focusing on three key approaches: substituting synthetic additives, reducing the ingredients potentially harmful when overconsumed like salt and animal fat, and boosting nutritional value. To replace synthetic additives, natural sources like celery and beet powders, as well as atmospheric cold plasma treatment, have been considered. However, for phosphates, the use of organic alternatives is limited due to the low phosphate content in natural substances. Thus, dietary fiber has been used to replicate phosphate functions by enhancing water retention and emulsion stability in meat products. Reducing the excessive salt and animal fat has garnered attention. Plant polysaccharides interact with water, fat, and proteins, improving gel formation and water retention, and enabling the development of low-salt and low-fat products. Replacing saturated fats with vegetable oils is also an option, but it requires techniques like Pickering emulsion or encapsulation to maintain product quality. These strategies aim to reduce or replace synthetic additives and ingredients that can potentially harm health. Dietary fiber offers numerous health benefits, including gut health improvement, calorie reduction, and blood glucose and lipid level regulation. Natural plant extracts not only enhance oxidative stability but also reduce potential carcinogens as antioxidants. Controlling protein and lipid bioavailability is also considered, especially for specific consumer groups like infants, the elderly, and individuals engaged in physical training with dietary management. Future research should explore the full potential of dietary fiber, encompassing synthetic additive substitution, salt and animal fat reduction, and nutritional enhancement. Additionally, optimal sources and dosages of polysaccharides should be determined, considering their distinct properties in interactions with water, proteins, and fats. This holistic approach holds promise for improving meat product quality with minimal processing.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2017

The use of engineering plastics in automotive components is increasing with the trend towards improving the car strength and reducing weight. Among the different choices of materials, engineering plastic emerged as the necessary material for achieving lower costs, reduced weight and improved production efficiency. To produce the automotive parts, it is important to predict defect and validation of injection molding prior to design. Injection molding analysis and structural analysis are widely applied as a part of the design process when developing automotive parts. Injection molding analysis, in particular, involves a highly complicated mechanism that requires deep knowledge of polymer properties as well as an analytic approach different from that used for a general isotropic material when the molded material is used as a structural material. This is because the parts made of polymer have pre-stress factors such as intrinsic deformation and residual stress. The most important factors for injection molded plastic products are injection molding condition and cavity design, taking into account ease of molding, mass production and application. Despite optimal injection molding conditions and cavity design, however, glass fiber orientation is critically linked to strength reduction. The application of injection molding and structural coupled analysis provides a low-cost solution for product molding and structural validation, all prior to the actual molding. The purpose of this study involves the validation, pre-study, and solution of defect in injection-molded polymer automotive parts using the simulation software for injection molding and structural coupled analysis. Finally, this thesis provides validation of an injection molding and structural coupled analytic mechanism that can demonstrate the effect of glass fiber orientation on mechanical strength. Design improvement ideas for the injection molded product of PPS (Poly Phenylene Sulfide)+40% glass fiber are also suggested.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.433-450
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• 2022

The conventional disposal methods of waste tires are harmful to the environment. Moreover, the recycling/reuse of waste tires in domestic and industrial applications is limited due to parent product's quality control and environmental concerns. Additionally, the recycling industry often prefers powdered rubber particles (<0.60 mm). However, the processing of waste tires yields both powdered and coarser (>0.60 mm) size fractions. Reprocessing of coarser rubber requires higher energy increasing the product cost. Therefore, the waste tire rubber (WTR) less favored by the recycling industry is encouraged for use in construction products as one of the environment-friendly disposal methods. In this study, WTR fiber >0.60 mm size fraction is collected from the industry and sorted into 0.60-1.18, 1.18-2.36-, and 2.36-4.75-mm sizes. The effects of different fiber size fractions are studied by incorporating it as fine aggregates at 10%, 20%, and 30% in the self-compacting rubberized concrete (SCRC). The experimental investigations are carried out by performing fresh and hardened state tests. As the fresh state tests, the slump-flow, T500, V-funnel, and L-box are performed. As the hardened state tests, the scanning electron microscope, compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength tests are conducted. Also, the water absorption, porosity, and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests are performed to measure durability. Furthermore, SCRC's energy absorption capacity is evaluated using the falling weight impact test. The statistical significance of content and size fraction of WTR fiber on SCRC is evaluated using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). As the general conclusion, implementation of various size fraction WTR fiber as fine aggregate showed potential for producing concrete for construction applications. Thus, use of WTR fiber in concrete is suggested for safe, and feasible waste tire disposal.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.187-197
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• 2017

In this paper, we prove the existence of warping functions on Lorentzian warped product manifolds and the completeness of the resulting metrics with some prescribed scalar curvatures.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.127-134
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• 2015

In this paper, we prove the existence of warping functions on Lorentzian warped product manifolds and the completeness of the resulting metrics with some prescribed scalar curvatures.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.47-56
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• 1985

Wasting fiberous residues from the cutting processes of steel materials at an iron-Works were mixed with concrete. The strength and toughness of steel fiber concrete with different steel contents were tested in a laboratory. The test results showed that the steel fiber residues can be used for the reinforcement of concrete. The potential applications of such product include floor constructions for facilities like dairy barns, grain storages, and machinery shops. The test results are as follows. 1. The compressive strengths of steel fiber concrete with one percent steel content by volume were 20 percent greater than that of plain concrete. The treatments also increased the concrete toughness by 96 percent. 2. When applied to tensile forces, the steel fiber concrete showed the increased strengths by 20 percent, and the toughness by 48 percent. 3. The steel content levels greater than or equal to 1.5 percent by volume resulted in the decreases of the compressive and tensile strengths of steel fiber concrete by 10 percent as compared to plain concrete. The concrete toughness increased with the steel contents. 4. The reinforcement effects of steel fiber depend on the quality of fiber material being used. Good steel fiber for concrete reinforcement appears to be uniform in shape and component, fine and long, and round-shaped.