• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.342-347
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• 2003

The enzyme $20{\alpha}$-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ($20{\alpha}$-HSD) catabolizes progesterone to $20{\alpha}$-dihydroprogesterone ($20{\alpha}$-OHP), and is appeared in rat corpora luteal and placenta. A polled samples of 10-15 placental and ovarian tissues collected from each individual rat were subjected to measurement of $20{\alpha}$-HSD activity. A $20{\alpha}$-HSD activity in the cytosol fraction was based on the generation of NADPH. In this study, it is designed to study cytosolic $20{\alpha}$-HSD activity in rat ovarian and placenta during pregnancy, and its relationship to embryonic mortality. It was found that from days 5 to 18 of pregnancy the $20{\alpha}$-HSD activities steady by decreased but at parturition time rapidly increased in ovary. On the other hand, placental cytosolic $20{\alpha}$-HSD activities were high detected from days 8 to 10 of pregnancy, not detectable from days 11 to 20 of pregnancy, but again very high at the time of parturition. Analysis of DEAE column chromatography revealed that two different types of $20{\alpha}$-HSD (HSD-1 and HSD-2) were found with similar activity in the placental cytosol on day 10 of pregnancy. The number of fetuses on day 10 of pregnancy was 15.4 and decreased significantly to 12.9 on day 12. The results suggested that expression of $20{\alpha}$-HSD in the placental tissues seems to be related the number of fetal survived in the specific time (days 11 and 12) which spontaneous fetal loss occurs.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.101-104
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• 2018

Purpose Alpha fetoprotein(AFP) is a fetal serum protein that increases in germ cell tumors derived from liver cancer or egg yolk. AFP test has been used for screening of liver cancer, determination of tumor stage, determination of therapeutic effect, and fetal congenital malformations. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of the four kits, identify the advantages and disadvantages of each kit, and select the appropriate kits for our laboratory. Materials and Methods Blood samples were obtained from 89 patients attending the Seoul national university hospital. Experiments were carried out in accordance with manufacturer's instructions of four companies(A, B, C, D). The precision, recovery, linearity, and sensitivity test were performed for each kit. Results In case of the precision within the measurement, the CV value of the C kit was less than 5% at the low, middle, and high concentrations. The A, B and D kit's the CV value was less than 5% at the concentrations except the low concentration. The recovery rates of the A, B, C, and D kits were $100{\pm}15%$, $100{\pm}30%$, $100{\pm}16%$ and $100{\pm}14%$, respectively. All kits showed good linearity. Sensitivity was measured as 0.5 IU/mL for A, 0.4 IU/mL for B, 0.98 IU/mL for C, and 0.3 IU/mL for D. Conclusion The CV values of the four kits were within 10%, and the correlation coefficients were close to 1 for $R^2=0.978$, $R^2=0.992$ and $R^2=0.8957$. As a result, they are clinically available. Therefore, each laboratory should select the appropriate kit for their experiment's environment.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.3047-3051
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• 2014

In this paper, we describe a new method for the selective extraction and quantification of glutathione (GSH) using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and maleimide-presenting gold nanoparticles (Mal-AuNPs). Our strategy utilizes the Michael addition to selectively extract GSH, from chosen samples, onto the maleimide of Mal-AuNPs. After the extraction step, the GSH bound to the AuNPs was analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS in the presence of an internal standard which was prepared by reacting Mal-AuNPs with isotope-labeled GSH ($GSH^*$). The $GSH^*$ has the same structure as GSH but a higher molecular weight, and therefore, enables absolute quantification of GSH by comparing the mass signal intensities of the GSH- and $GSH^*$-conjugated alkanethiols. Our strategy was verified by analyzing GSH-spiked fetal bovine serum and NIH 3T3 cells.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.518-527
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• 1989

The relationship between copper content in scalp hair and mental retardation was investigated. Samples of scalp hair were collected from 297 mentally retarded children who were students in one of two schools providing special educational services, one, consisted of children living in an orphan home, the other, children living with parents. For comparison, 117 scalp hair samples were collected from the children who had got average or above average academic achivement in a regular elementary school. Hair samples were taken from the nape of the neck and the copper content was determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (IL 551). There was no statistically significant difference in scalp copper levels across different age groups except female orphan group, but no trend or correlation between copper conents and age was found. The hair copper contents of the mentally retarded children groups were significantly lower than that of control groups. But there was no dose-response relationship between degree of mental retardation and hair copper level. The hair copper contents of the group accompanied by Down's syndrome and unknown group were significantly lower than that of control group in both sex, and in the case of accompanied by epilepsy or autism, lower than control group in male. Although the results of this study show no evidence that mental retardation has owed to copper deficiency, the possibility of copper deficiciency in their fetal or infant age could not be ruled out. Thus further study is needed to determine whether mental retardation could be attributed to copper deficiency, through the examinations about their living environments, dietary pattern, eating habit and the impact of copper deficiency on brain development.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.504-508
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• 2002

The effects of fetal number (single or twin) on blood glucose and plasma NEFA during pregnancy and around parturition were studied on ten Alpine ${\times}$ Beetal crossbred goats in their first to third lactation. The animals were divided in-groups 1(carrying single fetus, n=4) and 2(twin fetus, n=6). The samples were drawn on day1 after estrus and then at 14 days interval (fortnight) for 10 fortnights. Around parturition the samples were taken on days -20, -15, -10, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1 prior to kidding and on day 0 and +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +10, +15, +20 days post kidding. In twin bearing goats the blood glucose concentration continued to increase from 1st until 4th fortnight and thereafter gradually decline from 5th upto 8th fortnight. In single bearing goats there was increase in levels from 2nd upto 4th fortnight and thereafter it declined from 5th uptill 9th fortnight. The difference in sampling interval was highly significant (p<0.01) in both the groups. However the values were higher in single than in twin bearing goats. The plasma NEFA concentration was low in both the groups' upto 4th fortnight and thereafter it is continuously increased upto 9th fortnight. During prepartum period the blood glucose was higher in single than in twin bearing goats. The values were minimum on the day of kidding in both the groups. During postpartum period the values were significantly (p<0.01) higher in twin than in single fetus bearing goats. The plasma NEFA was significantly (p<0.05) higher in twin than in single fetus bearing goats. The blood glucose and plasma NEFA concentration can be used as index of nutritional status during pregnancy and around parturition in goats.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2008

Survivin is a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) family that have been known to inhibit activated caspases in apoptosis. In contrast to most IAP family members, survivin mRNA is expressed during fetal development, is not found in normal adult tissues and is overexpressed again in the cancer. Though survivin expression has been documented in most human cancers, little is known about its expression in OSCC and its potential value as a predictor of cancer survival. The purpose of this study was to investigate survivin expression in OSCC and to evaluate its value as a prognostic marker. We evaluated survivin expressions in cancer lines and OSCC samples and investigated the relationships between survivin expressions and clini-co-pathological parameters including stage, differentiation, proliferation, lymph node metastasis, blood vessel density, and gelatinolytic activity. With immunohistochemistry, we analyzed survivin expression in 38 OSCCs. Patients' clinico-pathological parameters and their survival rate were analyzed to reveal their correlations with Survivin expressions. We cultured oral cancer cell lines and evaluated the correlation between gelatinolytic activities and survivin expressions of them. Survivin protein was observed both in nuclei and cytoplasm of tumor specimens while little or not observed in normal gingival mucosal tissues. Additionally, survivin expressions were correlated with lymph node metastasis, tumor proliferation and survival rate. Survivin expression was observed in 100% of 38 samples of OSCC and its expression levels are statistically associated with the proliferative activity of the tumors, lymph node metastasis and the survival of the patients. Based on these results, survivin is commonly expressed in OSCC and may thus provide valuable prognostic information related with lymph node metastasis, proliferation and survival rate as well as a potential therapeutic target in OSCC.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2007

초음파 태아 영상의 실시간 입체 가시화를 위한 볼륨 렌더링 가속화 방법은 결과영상에 영향을 끼치지 않는 관심객체영역외 빈공간을 샘플링 연산에서 제외시키는 공간도약 알고리즘이 일반적이다. 공간도약시 전처리과정에서 각 복셀에서 가장 가까이에 있는 객체의 경계복셀까지의 거리를 미리 계산 저장한 거리지도를 이용하면, 반복적 샘플링 연산을 줄임으로써 렌더링 속도 효율을 높일 수 있다. 거리지도 생성에 사용되는 여러 거리계산변환법 중 거리계산이 정교할수록 실수계산으로 인한 전처리시간이 소요되는 반면, 근사계산법을 이용하면 거리값 연산의 오차로 인한 샘플링의 횟수가 증가하는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 전처리시간의 지연과 샘플링 횟수의 증가를 비교하여 초음파 태아 영상의 볼륨 렌더링에 가장 적합한 거리지도를 선택한다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.143-154
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• 1991

The present study was undertaken to provide basic data on fetal endochondral ossification for the native Korean cattle femur. This study was determined to the both earliest stages of chondrification and ossification by histochemical methods. The forty-five pairs of femur, from a series of embryos and fetuses ranging from 11 to 100mm in crown-rump(C-R) length, were used. These samples were divided into 9 groups. The groupings were based on C-R length, as the first grouping being 11~20mm, the second grouping being 21~30mm and so on. The results were as follows: 1. Alcianophility and PAS reaction were markedly increased in the perichondrium and interterritorial matrix in the 3rd group(C-R length 31~40mm). These reactions were decreased in the territorial matrix and in the adjacent area to the cartilage canal in the 5th group(C-R length 51~60mm). 2. Calcium deposits and collagen substances were observed initially in the 3rd group(C-R length 31~40mm). The calcium deposits and calcified cores were observed in the trabeculae of the proximal epiphyseal plate of the femur in the 8th group(C-R length 81~90mm).

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.347-350
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 신장세포를 이용하여 신장을 재생하는 조직공학적인 신장 재생 방법을 개발하기 위해 신생 rat으로부터 분리한 신장세포를 피브린 고분자와 혼합하여 신부전 rat의 신장에 주사 이식하였고 4주 후에 신장 구조의 형성 및 개선된 BUN, creatinine 수치를 확인하였다. 이는 이식된 세포에 의해 신부전의 증상이 완화(치료)된 것으로, 앞으로 이에 대한 추가적인 장기간의 실험이 필요하다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.301-305
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• 2001

Objective : To analyze the antithrombin II deficiency in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Material and Method: The blood samples were tested by chromogenic assay to evaluate the activity of antithrombin III. Results: There was only one case of antithrombin III deficiency. This patient experienced one neonatal death after delivery and one FDIU (fetal death in utero). And also this patient showed a lupus anticoagulant and the prolongation of PTT. Conclusions: Women with recurrent miscarriage who have no obvious identified cause should consider hematologic screening. Antithrombin III deficiency could be a cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion. But the incidence is very rare in Korean patients.