• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.35-35
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• 2017

How do plants take up water from soils especially when water is scarce in soils? Plants have a strategy to respond to water deficit to manage water necessary for their survival and growth. Plants regulate water transport inside them. Water flows inside the plant via (i) apoplastic pathway including xylem vessel and cell wall and (ii) cell-to-cell pathway including water channels sitting in cell membrane (aquaporins). Water transport across the root and leaf is explained by a composite transport model including those pathways. Modification of the components in those pathways to change their hydraulic conductivity can regulate water uptake and management. Apoplastic barrier is modified by producing Casparian band and suberin lamellae. These structures contain suberin known to be hydrophobic. Barley roots with more suberin content from the apoplast showed lower root hydraulic conductivity. Root hydraulic conductivity was measured by a root pressure probe. Plant root builds apoplastic barrier to prevent water loss into dry soil. Water transport in plant is also regulated in the cell-to-cell pathway via aquaporin, which has received a great attention after its discovery in early 1990s. Aquaporins in plants are known to open or close to regulate water transport in response to biotic and/or abiotic stresses including water deficit. Aquaporins in a corn leaf were opened by illumination in the beginning, however, closed in response to the following leaf water potential decrease. The evidence was provided by cell hydraulic conductivity measurement using a cell pressure probe. Changing the hydraulic conductivity of plant organ such as root and leaf has an impact not only on the speed of water transport across the plant but also on the water potential inside the plant, which means plant water uptake pattern from soil could be differentiated. This was demonstrated by a computer simulation with 3-D root structure having root hydraulic conductivity information and soil. The model study indicated that the root hydraulic conductivity plays an important role to determine the water uptake from soil with suboptimal water, although soil hydraulic conductivity also interplayed.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.166-170
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• 1992

옥수수의 분얼 및 생육에 미치는 시비량의 효과를 알기 위하여 상이한 두개의 교잡종 옥수수를 상이한 4가지 시비수준에서 재배한 결과 분얼하는 IK$_1$/IRI가 시비수준에 큰 관계없이 분얼을 하지 않는 장야일호보다 개체당 경수가 많았고, 개체당 지상부 무게, 경엽중, 이삭무게 등도 무거웠다. IK$_1$/IRI의 개체당 분얼수도 시비수준에 따라 크게 영향을 받아 퇴비의 시용이 개체당 분얼수를 증가시키는데 효과적이었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.978-980
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• 2010

This study was conducted to observe the cause of injury of fig plant. Nitrogen dioxide gas can be evolved at low pH or reduced in soil. Fig plant cultivated with nutrient solution was wilted or withered. Injury symptom for nutrient solution containing nitrous acid was worse as pH of soil decreased. However, increase in pH of nutrient solution treated with increasing $Ca(OH)_2$ solution prevented nutrient solution from producing nitrogen dioxide gas. Recovery of the fig plant by pH increase indicated that the cause of injury was nitrogen dioxide gas.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.66-70
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• 1991

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of fertilizer application rate and number of harvested leaves per plant on selected agronomic, chemical and physical characteristics of burley tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Burley 21) in 1988, 1989 and 1990 at Chonju Experiment Station, Korea Ginseng SE Tobacco Research Institute. 175.0 or 227.5 kilogram per 10a of compound fertilizer(N-P2O5-K2O= 10-10-20) were applied as main plot, and 2 or 4 of upper leaves was topped off with 0, 2 or 4 of the lower leaves removed as sub plot. Yield, total alkaloid and total nitrogen content of cured leaves were high in the higher level of compound fertilizer plot, and increasing the level of compound fertilizer had an adverse effect on physical characteristics. Reducing the number of harvested leaves had a negative effect on yield regardless of whether the leaf number was reduced by lower topping or removing the bottom leaves, but increased the rate of higher grades leaves. Differences in total alkaloid, total nitrogen and some physical properties among number of harvested leaf per plant were smaller than expected.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.423-434
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• 2020

The effects of amino acid and/or urea liquid fertilizer application on the growth and phytochemicals of Perilla leaves were summarized as follows; The fresh weight of the perilla leaves was in the order of CF, CL, KLF, and control, and 39.7 g, 37.4 g, 36.5 g and 32.3 g were measured. The plant height increased by 71.6 cm in the CF treatment than in the control(54.6 cm). The number of nodes was 14.3 node in CF treatment and 19% more than control(12 node). The vitamin C content tends to be increased by fertilizing the amino acid solution in the perilla leaf. The components of polyvalent unsaturation of n-6 origin were measured in CF treatment, KLF treatment, and control in 10.19 mg, 10.18 mg, and 9.38 mg per 100 g, respectively. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, arginine, alanine and lysin were contained in perilla leaf amino acid. Glutaminic acid content was found to be 455.1 mg, 495.6 mg, and 478.8 mg in the control, KLF and CF treatment per 100 g, respectively. Effective nutrition management using amino acid fertilizer optimizes crop yield and profitability, it is important to reduce the negative environmental risks of using fertilizer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.201-207
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• 1985

감자용(用) 시제복비(試製複肥)의 비효(肥效)를 황산가리(黃酸加里) 및 염화가리(鹽化加里)와 비교(比較)하기 위(爲)하여 감자품종(品種) "수미(秀美)"를 공시(供試)하여 시험(試驗)을 실시(實施)하였으며 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 감자복비(複肥), 황산가리배량(黃酸加里倍量), 황산가리(黃酸加里)는 염화가리구(鹽化加里區)에 비(比)하여 각각(各各) 44.7 및 6%를 증수(增收)하였다. 감자복비(複肥)는 황산가리(黃酸加里) 배량(倍量)보다도 현저(顯著)한 증수(增收)를 가져 왔으나 황산가리배양구(黃酸加里倍量區)의 수량(收量)과 무가리구(無加里區)의 수량간(收量間)에는 유의차(有意差)가 없었다. 2. 감자복비(複肥)는 6월(月) 25일(日)에 벌써 수확기(收穫期) 수량(收量)의 80% 이상(以上)에 다달아서 조기(早期) 수확(收穫)을 가능(可能)케 할 수 있었다. 3. 입상(粒狀)이고 요소함량(尿素含量)이 적은 감자복비(複肥)는 인산(燐酸) 2암모니아, 유안(硫安), 황산가리(黃酸加里)를 주원료(主原料)로 하여 만든 비료(肥料)로서 감자의 출아율(出芽率)을 높이고 초기생육(初期生育)을 촉진(促進)했으며 수확기(收穫期)에도 타비료(他肥料)에 비(比)하여 경엽(莖葉)을 건전(健全)하게 유지(維持)하였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.230-233
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• 2011

To determine the cost-effectiveness of converting fish waste into liquid fertilizer, this study analyzed the production of 3 L of liquid fertilizer from the fermentation of fish waste. The total product cost of the fertilizer was calculated to be $165.26 for a one-batch operation. If the seed culture was repeated five times, the total product cost could be reduced to $36.39/L. According to this analysis, the reutilization of fish waste as liquid fertilizer was not particularly economically attractive at present, and plant-scale production would be necessary for commercialization. This is the first cost-effectiveness analysis of the bioconversion of fish waste into liquid fertilizer.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: The use of green manure and compost as organic fertilizer may increase crop yield and soil fertility due to improved soil nutrient availability and soil organic matter content (SOM). This study aimed to investigate the effects of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L.) and compost application on red pepper growth, yield, fruit quality and soil health. METHODS AND RESULTS: The treatments were no fertilizer (CON), chemical fertilizer (CF), hairy vetch (HV), and livestock compost+HV (LC+HV). Red pepper seedlings (70 days old) were transplanted and maintained in experimental plots for 140 days. Plant dry weight, micro- and macronutrient contents of plants and soil chemical properties were determined. All fertilizer treatments significantly increased plant dry weight. Fruit yield was significantly highest with HV treatment. As for nutrient content, plants in HV and LC+HV treatments have significantly higher K and Ca contents than the other treatments. Regarding soil properties, HV and LC+HV application significantly altered the soil chemical properties. Significantly higher SOM was observed in HV and LC+HV treated soils. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that short-term application of hairy vetch and compost is an effective alternative to the conventional chemical fertilizer to increase fruit yield red pepper and improve soil health.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2002

An efficient low-input system (LIS) for fertiliser use in rice cultivation is necessary to reduce fossil energy use and pollution. Japanese people like Japonica rice, especially cv. Koshihikari. However, it has very low lodging resistance in Japanese weather condition. Our objective was to develop a LIS with the minimum sacrifice of grain yield in rice. Koshihikari was grown using conventional fertilization as a control (CON) with 4 g N $m^{-2}$., 8g $P_2$ $O_{5}$ $m^{-2}$ and 8 g $K_2$O $m^{-2}$ as a basal fertilizer dressing. It was compared with a low fertilizer treatment (LF) with only 4 g $P_2$ $O_{5}$ $m^{-2}$ as a basal dressing in the first year and no basal phosphorus fertilizer in the second year. Chopped rice straw was incorporated into the soil before the cropping season in both years. Fertilizer of 4 g N $m^{-2}$ was top-dressed at 15 days before heading in CON plots and 30 days before heading in LF plots in both years. Lodging was significantly less in LF than in CON plots, however, no rice straw effect was found in low fertilized condition. Grain yields in LF plots were reduced by 15-16% below those of CON plots. Lower yields in LF plots were associated with a reduced number of spikelets per unit area. However, big spikelet size was acquired in LF by 10 days earlier N top dressing than CON plots. A close relationship was found between spikelet numbers and N content of the plant at heading, and between grain yield or shoot dry weight and N content of the plant at maturity. Regardless of the fertilizer application methods, N use efficiency for the number of spikelets, final total dry matter and grain yield was essentially identical among fertilizer treatments. The reduced growth and yield in the LF plots resulted from low absorption of nitrogen. Conclusively, LIS can drastically reduce chemical fertilizer use and facilitate harvest operations by reducing lodging with some yield reduction..

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.551-558
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to know whether leaf nitrate can be a substitute of total leaf N to justify plant N status and how nitrate influences macro elements uptake and physiological parameters of tomato plants under different nitrogen levels. Leaf nitrate content decreased in low N, while showed similar value with the control in high N, ranging from 55 to $70mg\;g^{-1}$. Differences in nitrate supply led to nitrate-dependent increases in macro elements, particularly cations, while gradual decrease in P. Physiological parameters, photosynthesis rates and antioxidants, greatly responded in N deficient conditions rather than high N, which didn't show any significant differences compared the control. Considering nitrogen forms and physiological parameters, total-N in tomato plants represented positive relation with growth (shoot dry weight), nitrate and $CO_2$ assimilation, whereas negative relation with lipid peroxidation.