• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.712-721
• /
• 2020

Objective: The Wannan Black pig is a typical Chinese indigenous, disease-resistant pig breed with high fertility, and a crude-feed tolerance that has been bred by artificial selection in the south of Anhui province for a long time. However, genome variation, genetic relationships with other pig breeds, and domestication, remain poorly understood. Here, we focus on elucidating the genetic characteristics of the Wannan Black pig and identifying selection signatures during domestication and breeding. Methods: We identified the whole-genome variation in the Wannan Black pig and performed population admixture analyses to determine genetic relationships with other domesticated pig breeds and wild boars. Then, we identified the selection signatures between the Wannan Black pig and Asian wild boars in 100-kb windows sliding in 10 kb steps by using two approaches: the fixation index (F_ST) and π ratios. Results: Resequencing the Wannan Black pig genome yielded 501.52 G of raw data. After calling single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertions/deletions (InDels), we identified 21,316,754 SNVs and 5,067,206 InDels (2,898,582 inserts and 2,168,624 deletions). Additionally, we found genes associated with growth, immunity, and digestive functions. Conclusion: Our findings help in explaining the unique genetic and phenotypic characteristics of Wannan Black pigs, which in turn can be informative for future breeding programs of Wannan Black pigs.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.761-770
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 고품질을 가진 노동절감형 3배체 포도의 효율적인 육성 가능성을 검토하기 위해서, 4배체와 2배체의 교배를 통해서 얻어진 3배체 포도계통들에서 과실 특성의 변이 를 교배조합별로 검정하였다. 비록 가용성 고형물 함량과 적정산도와 같은 과실의 품질과 관련 된 형질들은 교배조합들 사이에서 유의미한 차이가 관찰되지 않았지만, $GA_3$ 1회 처리에 따른 과실의 비대 정도는 교배조합에 따른 변이가 크게 나타났다. 특히, '거봉'과 '적령'의 교배 조합에서 생성된 3배체 후대계통에서의 평균 과방중은 491g으로써 다른 교배조합에서 생성된 후대계통들에 비해서 유의적으로 컸으며, 동일한 교배조합 내의 계통간에서의 차이도 크지 않았다. 이러한 연구결과는 '거봉'과 '적령' 같은 특정한 교배 조합이 고품질을 가진 노동력 절감형 대립계 무핵포도를 육성하는데 있어서 효율적으로 이용될 수 있음을 시사하고 있다

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.436-442
• /
• 1987

수도의 화기구조개량을 통한 1대 잡종 품종의 종자 생산성향상을 목적으로 약장, 자약장의 재식밀도, 시비수준에 따른 환경변이와 유전양상을 검토하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 동일이삭내에서 약장은 1차 지복에 비해 2차 지경에서 길었다. 2. Z97B에서는 재식밀도가 낮을수록 약장, 자약장이 길어졌으나 IR43에서는 일정한 경향이 없었다. 3. 시비수준을 달리했을 때 약장에는 차이가 없었다. 4. IR56이 관여된 모든 교배조합 F$_1$ 에서 약장, 자약장의 일반조합능력, 특정 조합능력이 높았다. 5. IR56/IR 8의 F$_2$ 세대에서 체장의 유전분난양상은 장약이 열성인 연속변리를 보였고 자약장은 장자약가 초우성인 연적변리를 보였다. 6. 화기형질의 광의의 유전력은 체장 0.46, 광업장 0.88 이었다. 7. 약장과 자약장의 표현형상관과 유전상관은 각각 0.33, 0.44 정도였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.162-167
• /
• 2009

Reproductive abilities in beef cattle herds are receiving increased attention due to recent rises in production costs. To achieve more efficient management, a measure of fertility, namely the number of calves produced at k yr of age ($NCP_k$), was developed and its genetic parameters were estimated from Japanese Black cows by restricted maximum likelihood procedures. The k examined were distributed from 2 to 10 yr of age and $NCP_2$ averaged 1.077 calves over 43,536 cows. The averages increased by approximately 0.9 calf with each additional 1 yr increment in k. Heritabilities of $NCP_k$ were estimated to be low ranging from 0.083 to 0.162, which seemingly suggested a difficulty of genetic improvement. However, large genetic variation and high accuracy were observed in predicted breeding values of $NCP_k$. For example, the breeding values of $NCP_7$ were predicted between -0.303 and +0.213 with average accuracy of 0.607 for cows with observations. Genetic correlations among different k were generally high and positive (0.474 to 0.995). The analyses showed that at least $NCP_4$ was required to maintain the genetic correlations of 0.8 or higher with subsequent $NCP_k$. Also $NCP_5$ maintained the genetic correlations of 0.9 or higher with subsequent $NCP_k$ The results suggested some possibilities for $NCP_k$ to be a selection criterion considering its genetic variation, high accuracy and consistency with subsequent performance.

• 식물조직배양학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.103-107
• /
• 1998

중이온 빔을 이용한 방사선 돌연변이의 기초자료를 얻고자 담배의 수분ㆍ수정 직후의 원배에 100 Gy의 중이온빔을 조사하여 $\textrm{M}_{1}$세대의 종자를 얻었다. NaCl 20과 25%를 포함된 MS배지에 $\textrm{M}_{1}$세대의 종자를 파종하여 17개통의 NaCl저항성 식물체를 선발하였다. 저항성 식물체는 BY-4품종에 $^{14}\textrm{N}$빔을 조사한 처리구에서만 관찰되었다. $\textrm{M}_{1}$세대의 저항성 식물체의 경우 영양생장기간 중에는 외형적 변이가 관찰되지 않았으나 생식생장기의 화기에 있어서는 다양한 변이가 관찰되었다. 특히 암술 수술의 길이의 변화, 꽃잎의 변화, 불완전 화분립, 줄기당 꽃의 착생수 감소 등의 변이가 발생하였다. $\textrm{M}_{1}$세대에서 17개의 NaCl저항성 계통 중에서 8계통은 $\textrm{M}_{2}$ 세대에도 저항성형질이 발현되었고, 또한 $\textrm{M}_{2}$세대의 3계통은 Mannitol이 포함된 배지에서 저항성을 보여주었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
• /
• pp.46-46
• /
• 2017

We developed a rice simulation model for remote-sensing (SIMRIW-RS, Homma et al., 2007) to evaluate rice production and management on a regional scale. Here, we reports its application trial to estimate rice production in farmers' fields in Sendai, Japan. The remote-sensing data for the application was periodically obtained by multispectral camera (RGB + NIR and RedEdge) attached with unmanned air vehicle (UAV). The airborne images was 8 cm in resolution which was attained by the flight at an altitude of 115 m. The remote-sensing data was relatively corresponded with leaf area index (LAI) of rice and its spatial and temporal variation, although the correspondences had some errors due to locational inaccuracy. Calibration of the simulation model depended on the first two remote-sensing data (obtained around one month after transplanting and panicle initiation) well predicted rice growth evaluated by the third remote-sensing data. The parameters obtained through the calibration may reflect soil fertility, and will be utilized for nutritional management. Although estimation accuracy has still needed to be improved, the rice yield was also well estimated. These results recommended further data accumulation and more accurate locational identification to improve the estimation accuracy.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.27-31
• /
• 2019

It is well documented that intensive selection in dairy cattle for economic value such as increased milk yield led to a decline in reproductive performance. Recent studies using genome-wide association studies (GWASs) discovered candidate genes involved in the lower fertility including embryo development and conception rates. However, the information, which showed a lower reproductive performance, is limited to dairy cattle, especially Holstein, and the candidate genes were not examined in the Korean native cattle Hanwoo which has been intensively selected and bred for meat in the last few decades. We selected the candidate genes WBP1 and PARM1 reported to be associated with cow and/or heifer conception in dairy cattle and analyzed the genotype because those genes have non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). To determine the single base change, we used the high resolution melting (HRM) assay which is rapid and cost-effective for a small number of genes. We found that most heifers with higher conception (1: service per conception) have the AA genotype coding Threonine rather than Proline in the WBP1 gene. We did not detect an association for a SNP in PARM1 in our analysis. In conclusion, the genetic variation of WBP1 can be used as a selective marker gene to improve reproductive performance, and HRM assay can be used to identify common SNP genotypes rapidly and cost effectively.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.120-124
• /
• 2024

Objective: Seasonal variations in semen quality are known to occur in temperate regions, but results regarding tropical areas remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine whether monthly variations in semen parameters are present among men in a tropical region. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from semen analyses of 3,000 men over a 10-year period, from 2012 to 2022. Analysis of variance and the independent-samples t-test were employed to observe variations in semen parameters throughout the entire period and between months, respectively. Results: The mean±standard deviation sperm concentration was significantly lower in June, at 42.5±31.4 million/mL, compared to other months. The highest sperm concentration was found in March, at 57.8±42.6 million/mL, constituting a mean difference of 15.3 million/mL between the lowest and highest concentrations. The total sperm count displayed a similar pattern of monthly variation, with a difference of 47.2 million between the highest and lowest months. No significant monthly differences were observed in other parameters, such as sperm motility, morphology, and semen volume. Conclusion: Significant monthly variations in sperm concentration and total sperm count were evident in this Sri Lankan population. March, which displayed the highest sperm counts, is in the spring in temperate regions, while the month with the lowest counts, July, is part of the summer. Fluctuations in photoperiod appear to most strongly influence these variations.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.189-192
• /
• 2012

Male factor infertility or sub-fertility contributed half of all cases of infertility while the semen abnormality is the current topic of argument. Conventional analysis of semen showed poor correlation with fertility. Therefore, evaluation of current semen analysis method is necessary to improve standards of semen assessment. The goal of this study was to investigate that correlation between motion kinematic before and after capacitation and litter size in porcine. Sperm motility and kinematics were measure by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). The motility of spermatozoa was positively correlated with curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), and mean amplitude of head lateral displacement (ALH) (p<0.05). Where as VCL positively correlated with VSL, VAP and ALH (p<0.01). Straight-line velocity (VSL) was positively correlated with VAP and ALH (p<0.01). VAP was significantly positively correlated with ALH (p<0.01). Also, we found significant positive correlation among variation of VSL, VAP and ALH (p<0.05). No motility and kinematic parameter are correlated with litter size. However, litter size was significantly correlated with breed (p<0.05). Our results suggested that analysis of sperm motility and kinematics using CASA is questionable for prediction of litter size. However, it has some practical importance to evaluate semen commercially.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제33권3호통권91호
• /
• pp.244-250
• /
• 2000

금강 중${\cdot}$하류의 본류와 지류에서 1998년 3월부터 1999년 6월까지 수질 fertility를 Microcystis aeruginosa의 조류생장잠재력 (AGP)으로 평가하였다. 금강에서는 갑천이 합류되는 지점에서 AGP가 가장 높았고, M. aeruginosa의 AGP는 평균값이 38.1 mg dw/l (17.6${\sim}$75.2 mg dw/l)였다. 또한 조류검정 결과에서 하류로 갈수록 생장이 둔화되어 AGP값이 낮게 나타났고, 이러한 양상은 수질분석 결과와 일치하였다. 지류에서 AGP는 갑천, 미호천 및 석성천이 각각 161.2, 50.3 및 125.6 mg dw/l로서 높았고 유구천이 2.7 mg dw/l로서 최저를 기록하였다. 금강 하류의 수질은 갈수기에 더욱 악화되었고 이 시기에 중류에서 AGP값도 컸다. AGP 결과와 영양염의 관계에서 P와 상관이 가장 높아(r = 0.999) 조류의 생장에 P의 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 추정되었고, 질소원으로는 NO$_{3}$보다 NH$_{4}$가 선호됨을 알 수 있었다. 금강에서 AGP는 장소와 계절에 따라 변화 폭이 컸고 유입 지류의 영양염류 농도 증감과 밀접한 관련성이 있었다. 또한 AGP를 통한 수질상태는 평균값이 32.7 mg dw/l로서 부영양 수준을 훨씬 초과한 것으로 평가되어 이에 대한 수환경관리가 중요하였다.