• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1991

문치가자미는 동경만의 소형저인강 어업의 중요한 대상종이나 최근 어획노력이 증가하는 경향이 있어 자원을 영속적으로 유효하게 이용하기 위하여 자원 평가를 하였다. 복수년급군에 대한 VPA 해석 결과, 1980년부터 1987년까지의 자원미수는 약 350만 마리에서 920만 마리였고, 1985년에 최대치를 보였다. 시험조업에 의한 추정량은 240만에서 870만 마리였고 최대치를 보인 해도 같았다. 양자의 차는 1987연에 약 2배였으나 그 밖의 해에는 0.8-l.5배의 차로 그다지 큰 차를 보이지 않았다. 양쪽 다 어획량과 단위노력당 어획양의 증감 경향이 유사했다 어획률은 대부분의 해에 $30-50\%$로 상당히 높은 수치를 보였다. COHORT 해석을 하여 어획계수를 추정하고, 수명으로 추정한 자연사망계수와 어획물과 성장에 의해 검토한 어획개시연령을 이용하여 등어획량곡선을 그려 자원현상을 평가하고 어획증대의 가능성을 검토한 바 가입당 어획량의 최대치가 암컷은 2배 숫컷은 1.3배 정도 증대 가능성을 보였다. 어획증대를 위해서는 강목을 크게 하여, 어획개시년령을 높이는 관리방안이 바람직하다.

• 서비스연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2014

전체 경제활동참가율을 비롯하여 남녀별 경제활동참가율에 대한 각 지역별 비교분석결과는 중앙 및 지방정부의 정책 자료로서 중요하다. 이러한 비교분석결과를 통하여 중앙 및 지방정부는 지역별 차별정책의 사용이 가능해 지는 동시에 세부적인 정책적용의 효율성도 제고시킬 수 있게 된다. 본 논문은 국내 16개 시 도 지역에 대한 경제활동인구조사 자료를 토대로 수도권, 강원권, 충청권, 영남권, 호남권 등 5개 광역권으로 분류하여 이들 지역에 대한 남녀별 경제활동참가율을 비교분석한 것이다. 지역별 비교를 위해서 사용한 자료는 2000년부터 2012년 동안 최근 13년간의 국내 경제활동인구조사 자료이며, 이 자료를 통해 5개 지역에 대한 전체 경제활동참가율과 남녀별 경제활동참가율을 계산하였다. 그리고 남성에 대한 여성 경제활동참가율의 상대비율에 대해 지역별로 비교분석하였으며 또한, 각 지역에 대해 남녀별 경제활동참가율을 비교분석하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권13호
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• pp.5297-5304
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• 2015

Background: The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Cancer Registry (PAECCR) program has made availability of a common cancer incidence database possible in Pakistan. The cancer incidence data from nuclear medicine and oncology institutes were gathered and presented. Materials and Methods: The cancer incidence data for the last 30 years (1984-2014) are included to describe a data set of male and female patients. The data analysis concerning occurrence, trends of common cancers in male and female patients, stage-wise distribution, and mortality/follow-up cases is also incorporated for the last 10 years (2004-2014). Results: The total population of provincial capital Lahore is 9,800,000. The total number of cancer cases was 80,390 (males 32,156, females 48,134). The crude incidence rates in PAECCR areas were 580.8/$10^5$ during 2010 to 885.4/$10^5$ in 2014 (males 354.1/$10^5$, females 530.1/$10^5$). The cancer incidence rates for head and neck (15.70%), brain tumors (10.5%), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL, 9.53%) were found to be the highest in male patients, whereas breast cancer (46.7%), ovary tumors (6.80%), and cervix (6.31%) cancer incidence rates were observed to be the most common in female patients. The age range distribution of diagnosed and treated patients in conjunction with the percentage contribution of cancer patients from 15 different cities of Punjab province treated at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology, Lahore are also included. Leukemia was found to be the most common cancer for the age group of 1-12 years. It has been identified that the maximum number of diagnosed cases were found in the age range of 51-60 years for males and 41-50 years for female cancer patients. Conclusions: Overall cancer incidence of the thirty years demonstrated that head and neck and breast cancers in males and in females respectively are the most common cancers in Punjab province in Pakistan, at rates almost the highest in Asia, requiring especial attention. The incidence of brain, NHL, and prostate cancers among males and ovarian and cervix cancers among females have increased rapidly. These data from a major population of Punjab province should be helpful for implementation of appropriate planning, prevention and cancer control measures and for determination of risk factors within the country.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.3-26
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• 1970

That's an attempt to study about knowledge, attitudes and practice of the residents with regard to maternal child health, family, planning, and tuberculosis in rural area which was chosen to be a demonstration area for nursing students of College of Nursing, Yonsei University for their public health nursing practice. In addition, it is designed to collect information on population of the area such as age and sex distribution, mobility, and other characteristics also be sought by doing a census. The purpose of study is to obtain data which are needed for planning student learning experiences in the community. The information which was obtainable through this study is as follows; 1. In demographic aspect a. Population structure was a typical rural type in terms of population pyramid. b. Distribution of age and sex of residents showed more female in the older ages. c. Population has not moved much. Majority of them have been living in the area since their births. 2. In sociological aspect a. The level of education of female was comparatively lower than male. b. The residents of the area did not have any special religion. c. The economic status was found low or middle class. 3. In health practice In general health knowledge, attitudes and practice appeared to be poor. As a result of this study, it could be summararized that there are a great public health nursing needs in the community. According to these needs found and to it's nature, severity and massiveness, the nurse instructors with students were able to set up a priority system in services. Meanwhile student case load can be logically figured out in consideration of variety of experiences need for each student. The study helped student not only to find out resident characteristics and their health problems in terms of family and community problem but also to provide a good learning experience by participating in the interviewing. In sum this type of study is necessary for planning of student field experience when no data are available where students are going to have field experiences in public health nursing.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2015

Background: Suicide is one of important health problems in Korea. Previous studies showed factors associated with suicide in individual levels. However, suicide was influenced by society that individuals belong to, so it was required to analyze suicide in local levels. The purpose of this study was to analyze the regional disparities of suicide mortality by gender and the association between local characteristics and suicide mortality. Methods: This study included 229 city county district administrative districts in Korea. Age- and sex-standardized suicide mortality and age-standardized suicide mortality (male/female) were used as dependent variables. City county district types, socio-demographics (number of divorces per 1,000 population, number of marriages per 1,000 population, and single households), financial variable (financial independence), welfare variable (welfare budget), and health behavior/status (perceived health status scores and EuroQol-5 dimension [EQ-5D]) were used to represent the local characteristics. We used hot-spot analysis to identify the spatial patterns of suicide mortality and negative binomial regression analysis to examine factors affecting suicide mortality. Results: There were differences in distribution of suicide mortality and hot-spot regions of suicide mortality by gender. Negative binomial regression analysis provided that city county district types (city), number of divorces per 1,000 population, financial independence, and EQ-5D had significant influences on the age- and sex-standardized suicide mortality per 100,000. Factor influencing suicide mortality was the number of divorces per 1,000 population in both male and female. Conclusion: Study results provided evidences that suicide mortality among regions was differed by gender. Health policy makers will need to consider gender and local characteristics when making policies for suicides.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2011

Population pharmacokinetics for gentamicin were compared with 20 Korean patients (14 male and 6 female) and 25 Caucasian appendicitis patients (16 male and 9 female). Two to six blood specimens were collected from all patients at the following times : just before a regularly scheduled infusion and at 0.5 hour after the end of a 0.5 hour infusion. Nonparametric expected maximum(NPEM) algorithm for population modeling was used. The estimated parameters were the elimination rate constant(K), the slope(KS) of the relationship between K versus creatinine clearance(Ccr), the apparent volume of distribution (V), the slope(VS) of the relationship between V versus weight, gentamicin clearance(CL) and the slope(CS) of the relationship between CL versus Ccr and the V. The output includes two marginal probability density function(PDF), means, medians, modes, variance, skewness, kurtosis, and CV%. The mean K(KS) were$0.402{\pm}0.129hr^{-1}$ ($0.00486{\pm}0.00197[hr{\cdot}mL/min/1.73m^2]^{-1}$) and $0.425{\pm}0.137hr^{-1}$($0.00432{\pm}0.00168[hr{\cdot}mL/min/1.73m^2]^{-1}$) for Korean and Caucasian populations, respectively. The mean V(VS) were not different at $14.3{\pm}3.69L$($0.241{\pm}0.0511L/kg$) and $15.8{\pm}4.81L$($0.236{\pm}0.0531L/kg$) for Korean and Caucasian populations, respectively (P>0.2). The mean CL(CS) were $5.68{\pm}1.69L/hr$ ($0.0714{\pm}0.0222L/kg[hr{\cdot}mL/min/1.73m^2]$) and $6.29{\pm}1.84L/hr$ ($0.0629{\pm}0.0189L/kg[hr{\cdot}mL/min/1.73m^2]$) for Korean and Caucasian populations, respectively. There are no differences in gentamicin pharmacokinetics between Korean and Caucasian appendicitis patients.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.197-202
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• 2009

애반딧불이의 유충상륙은 약 5.3일이 소요되었고 고치방을 만든 후 약 6.6일에 번데기로 변태하였다. 고치방의 크기는 길이 10.1 mm, 폭 4.7 mm, 벽두께 1.3 mm이었다. 번데기는 약 10.5일이 소요되었다. 성충이 되고 고치방 속에 약 6.8일 후에 출현하였다. 성충의 출현은 PM. 9시를 전후로 최대였고 PM. 10시에 감소하였다. 성충출현의 최적지온은 $23.4^{\circ}C$였다. 실내개체군(Lab-type)의 암컷 및 수컷과 야외개체군(Nat-type)의 수컷은 수명이 비슷하였고, Nat-type의 산란 수는 200${\sim}$400립 구간을 형성하였다. 단지, Nat-type의 암컷은 수명이 짧았으며, 산란 횟수와 산란 수는 적었다. 산란횟수에서 야외개체군은 2회와 실내개체군은 4회로 차이를 보이는 것은 야외개체군은 시료 채집 이전에 산란했을 가능성을 배제할 수 없다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2007

To obtain demographic information on threatened gold-spotted pond frog (Rana chosenica Okada, 1931) populations, we determined the ages of 45 male and 13 female frogs (20 males and 9 females from Cheongwon and 25 males and 4 females from Tae-an) and compared the age structures and growth patterns of the two populations in 2006. The snout-vent length (SVL) and body weight of female frogs were greater than those of male frogs in both populations. Male frogs' ages ranged 2 to 7 years old and females' ages ranged 3 to 6 years old. In both populations, 4 years old male frogs were the most abundant age-sex class. The age structures of the two populations were significantly different and the growth coefficients of male frogs from the Cheongwon population were greater than those from the Tae-an population. The mean age of males from the Tae-an population was higher than that from the Cheongwon population. However, the SVL and body weights of male frogs were not different between two populations and there was no difference between the two populations in the mean male SVL at any age. The results could increase our understanding of the life-history of this threatened frog and may be useful in conservation planning.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2012

큰납지리 $Acheilognathus$ $macropterus$를 대상으로 2006년 3월~11월과 2008년 4월에 전남 영광군 불갑천 일대에서 생태적 특징을 밝히고자 조사하였다. 큰납지리는 물의 흐름이 느리고 바닥이 모래와 뻘로 이루어진 수역에서 대부분 서식하였다. 체장 48 mm 이하는 만 1년생, 48~58 mm는 만 2년생, 58~64 mm는 만 3년생, 66mm 이상은 만 4년생 이상으로 추정되었고 암컷과 수컷은 체장에 있어서 차이점을 보이지 않았다. 성비는 1 : 0.99 (female : male)이었고, 산란시기는 4~6월로 추정되었으며 이 시기의 수온은 $15{\sim}20^{\circ}C$이었다. 평균 포란수는 $680{\pm}209$개였으며 난경은 $1.92{\times}1.60mm$으로 나타났다. 소화관 내용물을 조사한 결과 규조류의 $Navicula$, $Cymbella$, $Fragilaria$와 같은 식물플랑크톤이 주로 관찰되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10735-10738
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• 2015

Background: Cancers of the breast, uterine cervix and ovary are common cancers amongst females of North East India. Not much is known about the descriptive epidemiology of these cancers in our population. The present retrospective analysis was therefore performed. Materials and Methods: The data set available at the hospital based cancer registry of a regional cancer center of North-East India, containing information on patients registered during the period of January 2010 to December 2012, was applied. A total of 2,925 cases of breast, uterine cervix and ovarian cancer were identified. Results: Of the total, 1,295 (44.3%) were breast cancers, 1,214 (41.5%) were uterine cervix and 416 (14.2%) ovarian cancer, median age (range) for breast, uterine cervix and ovary were 45 (17-85), 48 (20-91) and 45 years (7-80), respectively. Some 43.5% of cases with uterine cervix patients were illiterate, 5.4% and 5.7% stage I in breast and cervix respectively and 96.4% of ovarian cancers in advanced stage. Conclusions: Improvement of female education can contribute to increase the proportion of early stage diagnosis of breast and uterine cervix in our population. Any population-based intervention for the detection of cancers of breast, uterine cervix and ovarian cancer should be started early in our population.