The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
/
v.16
no.2
/
pp.283-291
/
2010
Purpose: This study aims to assess university freshmen's concern of and satisfaction with their health and body and to analyze this in relation to their health habits, thereby aiding university students in forming sound health habits. Method: The subjects of this study were 338 freshmen at A University, located in B City. The questionnaire had 34 questions and the collected data was analyzed with t-test, $x^2$-test, and multiple regressions. Result: The average points of the subjects' health habits were 6.01 for male and 5.65 for female, showing a median range. Concern about health (male 13.63 points, female 13.10 points) and satisfaction with their own body (male 8.26 points, female 7.71 points) showed no significant difference between males and females. Females had more concern about their body (p=.001), and males' satisfaction with health was higher than females', which was statistically significant (p=.0.41). As for factors that have an effect on health habits, male students had health concerns ($\beta$=.395), health satisfaction ($\beta$=.212), and body concerns ($\beta$=-.209), and female students had health concerns ($\beta$=.317) and health satisfaction ($\beta$=.139). Conclusion: University freshmen are likely to have diverse undesirable health habits and therefore need positive improvement in their health habits.
This study was aimed to investigate whether abdominal obesity is associated with non-insulin dependednt diabetes. The distribution of body fat patterns was observed in 181 female patients with diabetes, aged 33 to 83 years, living in the Taegu area, Korea. The following anthropometric measuremetns were made on all participants from October 1 to November 25, 1991 : weight, height ; waist and hip circumferences in standing position. The waist hip circumference ratio was used as an index of abdominal obesity. The results were as follows; 1) The mean fasting blood glucose of diabetic subjects was 145$\pm$50.3mg/dl and the mean duration of diabetes was 4.7$\pm$7.5 years. 2) Obese subjects above the ideal body weight body weight of 120% in the investigation are presently 52%, but 63% of subjects were reported to be obese in the past. The mean BMI of the subjects is 24.57$\pm$3.15 and the past mean BMI was 27.13$\pm$3.26. One year after reaching their highest body weight, 47% of the subjects developed diabetes. Two years after reaching their peak body weight, 74% of diabetic subjects developed diabetes. 3) Using the waist-hip circumference ratio, subjects beloing to the upper body obesity(WHR>0.84) were 65.5%. 4) The average daily energy intake did not differ between the obese and non-obese diabetic subjects, whether they were assessed with BMI or with RBW. 5) The average daily energy intake was higher in the upper body obesity subjects than in the lower body obesity subjects. 6) Diabetics withing the regular exercise group had lower fasting blood glucose levels than the non-regular exercise group. Exercise did not effect the RBW, BMI, and WHR. 7) The waist-to-hip circumference ratio correlated significantly in positive with waist-circumference, but did not correlated with hip-circumference. Therefore, WHR may depended on the increased accumulation of abdominal fat in female diabetics. In conclusion, these findings suggest that caloric intake is more associated with abdominal fat accumulation in diabetic women. Blood glucose concentration is independently effected by exercise, and exercise does not affect the WHR. Therefore, control of caloric intake and development of specific exercises to change the WHR seems important for controling diabetes in female subjects.
This article analyzed fashion representations in France posters, especially the late 19th century France when mass consumption cultures arose. That was analyzed by consumers' sexuality supposed in advertisement contents. Female models mainly figured in posters of the late 19th century France made a role to promote consumption, in which female models were emphasized on fashion, for example, erotic robe, unusual hair style and etc. Posters' type in this period were categorized in three types by presenting style of female body and fashion style. The first were targeting female consumers, and that posters represented bourgeois fashion styles and life styles to clear consumers' social status and to present women's consuming power. The second case was targeting male consumers, and that posters figured female models such as available products. In this case, poster artists emphasized female models' sexualities and used fantasies against eroticism of the legs and feet. And third case was targeting female consumers and males', in this case, two different aspects were required to appealing to consumers. One was to use a female sexuality to appeal for male consumers, the other was to modify female models as transcendental being such like a muse admirable and mysterious, through fashion styles for female consumers. In the late 19th century, female body and fashion were spectacular elements in visual arts specifically. This study clarified representations of female body and fashion in the late 19th century posters according to poster's contents and target consumer's sexuality. This was one of the aspects characterizing early advertisement media.
The fresh_water shrimp, Palaemon modestua is one of the most important types of bait f[r fishing and can be found abundantly in the Nak-Dong River. The larval development of Palaemon modestua in the laboratory was reported by Liu (1949), Kown and Uno (1968), but they didn't give any ecological features in the natural environments. Shrimps were collected from the Nak-Dong River near Pusan, once a month from July to December 1953 and from February to June 1969 respectively. The following is a summary of the results: 1. They breed from April to September, mainly in July. 2. A generation of this type of shrimps appears to be approximately one year and after breeding they die off up untill the end of October. 3. The sex ratio (female=100) is $44.2\~95.5$ (mean 78.5) and goes down during spawning seasons. 4. The minimum size of the ovigerous female is approximately 0.5 gram in body weight, 29mm in body length and 7mm in carapace length. 5. Most shrimps of $31\~41mm$ In body length lay eggs. 6. The relationship between the boby length (X) and the number of eggs (Y) is: $$Y=0.0000203937X^{3.5668}$$ 7. The relationship between the body length (X) and the body weight (Y) is: $$Y=0.099801X^{2.85407}$$ in female. $$Y=0.004198X^{3.40614}$$ in Male. 8. The relationship between the carapace length (X) and the body weight (Y) is: $$Y=5.56008X^{2.25503}$$ in female. $$Y=5.09541X^{2.28875}$$ in male. 9. The relationship between the carapace length (X) and the body length (Y) is: Y= 5.07540+3.36057X in female. Y=4.90514+3.47791X in male.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relations among nutrient intake. self body image and satisfaction, and physical fitness of college students in Taegu. A total of 213 apparently healthy college students living in Taegu were selected for the study. The following anthropometric measurements were made on all participants : weight, height: waist and hip circumferences, and bioimpedence. Using weight and height, the body mass index (kg/$m^2$) was calculated. The 24-hour recall were obtained from subjects. Dietary habits and energy expenditure were examined through questionnaires. Nutrients intake were analyzed by computer aided nutritional analysis program. Variables of Physical fitness were consisted of body fat, muscular strength and endurance, agility. power, flexibility, cardiorespiratory function, physical efficiency index(PEI). Data were analyzed by computer using the SAS 6.12(Statistical Analysis System). The mean heights and weights of these students were similar to those reported for the 50th percentile in a national survey. Nutrient intake of the college students in Taegu was considerably lower than RDA. The male subjects' mean intake of two nutrients, vitamin B$_2$ and calcium, were less than 55% of the RDAs. the female subjects' mean intake of two nutrients, iron and calcium, were less than 55% of the RDAs. A most variables of physical fitness except sit and reach in male students showed a significant higher values than those of female students. There was a significant positive relationship between PEI and the intake of animal protein, fat, Ca. and B$_2$ in male students. Also there was a significant positive relationship between exercise duration of PWC 170 and protein, fat, iron, vitamin A, B$_2$, niacin, and energy intake in female students. The muscular strength showed the significant correlation with weight, height, and waist circumference in male and female students. The cardiorespiratory function and Physical efficiency index showed significantly negative correlation with tricep and subscapular skin thickness in the female students. There were significantly positive correlations between WHR and body efficiency index in male students, and significantly positive correlations between WHR and the cardiorespiratory function in female students. There was no significant level of correlation between the degree of satisfaction of body image and physical efficiency index. However. there was a significant positive correlation between waist circumference (and weight) and physical efficiency index in male and female students and almost all of the surveyed male and female college students wanted less waist circumference or weight even though they were in the criteria of standard waist circumference or weight. In conclusion, a beneficial effect of adequate nutrient intake on physical fitness was found, college students must increase their energy and nutrient intake if it is below than the RDA for improving their physical fitness.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of improvement of posture and foot balance between the exercise group and the control group after upright body type exercise program of 12 weeks with 14 female students in B female high school. According to the procedure of this study, following conclusion came out. First, The change of head's posture became near a centerline and a significant decrease from $7.57{\pm}13.95mm$ to $2.71{\pm}5.23mm$ in experimental group and there was a statistically significant difference (p<.002). The change of left foot balance was near the perfect balance (50%) from $48.93{\pm}3.87%$ to $49.74{\pm}2.95%$ and right foot balance was from $51.07{\pm}3.87%$ to $50.26{\pm}2.95%$ in experimental group and there were near the perfect balance (50%). The change of left foot balance of control group fall away the perfect balance (50%) from $49.97{\pm}2.67%$ to $49.08{\pm}1.41%$, right foot balance also fall away the perfect balance (50%) from $50.03{\pm}2.67%$ to $50.92{\pm}1.41%$. As a conclusion, upright body type exercise program considered to effect posture and foot balance in female high school girls. Consequently It was suggested that upright body type exercise program with improvement and prevention for posture's unbalance of female high school girls. This program could be utilized for improvement of youth posture and foot balance.
The purpose of the study was to investigate attitude about self-weight reduction and dietary intakes by body mass index (BMI) of university students. The subjects were Korean university students (male: 1,024, female: 1,575) who were participating in a nutritional education class via the internet. This survey was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included items about demographic characteristics, nutrient intakes, health-related lifestyles, dietary behaviors, body images and diet experiences. As for prevalence of obesity, 3.2% of male subjects were underweight, 64.2% were normal weight, 20.8% were overweight, and 11.8% were obese. In female subjects, 25.8% were underweight, 67.1 % were normal weight, 5.3% were overweight, and 1.7% were obese. Distribution of obesity by BMI was significantly different between male and female subjects. There was a significant difference in perceptions of body weight between male and female subjects. The female subjects were more likely to perceive themselves as overweight. As for weight reduction, the higher BMI was, the more weight reduction was tried in both male and female subjects. As for average daily intakes for energy and 11 nutrients, most nutrient intakes were not significantly different by distribution of BMI. However, obese subgroup showed the lowest nutrient intakes compared to other subgroups. As BMI increased, mean adequacy ratio (MAR) significantly decreased. Therefore, nutritional education via the internet is necessary for university students to establish physically and mentally optimal health condition through nutritional intervention.
Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
/
v.36
no.4
/
pp.1060-1068
/
2019
The physical fitness of the cadets of the Air Force Academy, which will protect the airspace of the Republic of Korea, is of paramount importance to fulfill the given mission. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to confirm the characteristics of body composition and physical fitness of female cadets of Air Force Academy and to verify their relationship with physical fitness according to body fat % level of total female cadets. To achieve the purpose of the study, 50 female cadets of the Korea Air Force Academy (1grade 13, 2grade 18, 3grade 9, 4grade 10) were measured in body composition (skeletal strength, body fat mass, body mass index, body fat %, abdominal obesity rate, basal metabolic rate) and physical fitness (muscle strength, muscular endurance, power, agility, flexibility and balance). One way ANOVA was performed for data processing to identify body composition and physical fitness characteristics by grade and to identify differences in physical fitness according to body fat rate levels. According to the study, the 1 grade was lower in body fat mass and body fat % among female cadets, the 2 grade was lower than the 3 and 4 grades, and the body mass index was lower than the third and fourth grades. Also, there was no difference in the physical fitness of the rest of the year. The intergroup physical fitness according to the body fat rate was higher than that of those with less than 20 percent of net worth and 25 percent to less than 25.1 percent to 30 percent, while those with less than 20 percent balance were higher than those with less than 25.1 to 30 percent. The results of this study showed differences in body composition by grade in female cadets, especially in power and balance according to body fat %. Therefore, female cadets of the Air Force Academy need to manage body fat to have the power and balance capability related to the airborne mission environment.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors influencing eating problems among young female adults. Methods: Participants were 193 young female adults aged 19 ~ 29 years who were recruited in August 2017. Four variables related to eating problems in young female adults, including body image dissatisfaction, self-esteem, trait anger, and depression, were measured using reliable instruments. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program and Amos 24.0 for descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and path analysis. Results: The mean for eating problems in young female adults was 8.99, and 9.8% of subjects were classified as high risk with eating problems. Modified model demonstrated good model fit (${\chi}^2$/df 0.47, GFI 0.99, AGFI 0.99, NFI 0.99, SRMR 0.022, RMSEA 0.001). Path analysis showed that body image dissatisfaction had the greatest direct effect on eating problems. Depression did not have a direct effect on eating problems, whereas it had indirect effects on eating problems through body image dissatisfaction as the mediating factor. Self-esteem had direct effects on depression and indirect effects on eating problems through depression and body image dissatisfaction as mediating factors. Trait anger had direct effects on depression and body image dissatisfaction and indirect effects on eating problems through depression and body image dissatisfaction as mediating factors. These factors accounted for 46% of the total variance, and the fit indices of the model satisfied the criteria of fitness. Conclusion: The results of this study reveal the important role of body dissatisfaction and psychological factors such as self-esteem, trait anger, and depression on eating problems. These factors influencing eating problems should be considered when developing programs to improve eating problems in young female adults.
This study was performed to investigate the satisfaction of body image, dietary habits, nutrition intake and dietary quality according to body image of university students (n = 290). The subjects (male = 178, female = 112) were classified to lean, normal and overweight/fat groups according to body image. The weight, body fat and body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in the students who recognized their body image as 'overweight/fat'. The satisfaction of body image, interest of weight control and experience of weight control were significantly higher in students who recognized their body image as 'normal' in both the male and female subjects. The intakes of nutrients, dietary habits and life styles were not different according to body image. In the male subjects, the niacin intake density, the nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) of vitamin B1 and the dietary diversity score (DDS) in the students who recognized their body image as 'overweight/fat' were significantly lower than in students who recognized their body image as 'normal' and 'lean'. In female subjects, no significant differences in nutrient intakes, NAR, MAR and DDS were observed according to body image. Future studies with a larger sample size are needed for further assessment of the relationship between nutritional status/diet quality and body image in university students.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.