• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1407-1413
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• 2005

An experiment was conducted in order to assess the effect of level of RDP:UDP ratio and level of feeding concentrate on milk yield, milk composition and nutrient utilization in lactating crossbred cattle. Twenty four medium producing (-10 kg/d, 45 to 135 days postpartum) lactating crossbred cows were divided into four groups of six animals each in a 2${\times}$2 factorial completely randomized design. The cows in group 1 were fed concentrate mixture I containing 59:41 RDP:UDP ratio (low UDP) at normal plane (LUDP+NP), in group 2 were fed low UDP ration at 115% of NRC (1989) requirements (LUDP+HP), whereas cows in group 3 were fed concentrate mixture II containing 52:48 RDP:UDP ratio (high UDP) at normal plane (HUDP+NP) and in group 4 were fed high UDP ration at 115% of NRC (1989) requirements (HUDP+HP). Green jowar was fed ad libitum as the sole roughage to all the animals. The experimental feeding trial lasted for 105 days. The total dry matter intake (DMI), DMI/100 kg body weight, DMI/kg $W^{0.75}$, digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, CF, EE and NFE and intakes of TDN and DCP did not differ significantly among the different groups and also due to both UDP level and plane of nutrition and also due to their interaction. The total dry matter intake varied from 145 g in group 1 (LUDP +NP) to 152.57 g/kg $W^{0.75}$ in group 2 (LUDP+HP) diet. However, increase in milk yield with increased UDP level and also with increased plane of nutrition was observed consistently throughout the experimental period. The average milk yield was 7.66, 8.15, 8.64 and 9.35 kg in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively and there was no significant difference in milk yield among different groups of cows. The overall daily average milk yields in cows fed with low and high UDP diets were 7.91 and 8.99 kg, respectively and at normal and higher plane of feeding the milk yields were 8.15 and 8.75 kg/day, respectively. Thus, there was 13.65% increase in milk yield due to high UDP level and 7.36% due to higher plane of feeding. The daily 4% FCM yields were 9.20 kg for low UDP diet and 10.28 kg for high UDP diet, whereas it was 9.11 kg at normal plane of feeding and 10.37 kg at higher plane of feeding. Fat yields for the corresponding treatment groups were 0.37, 0.43, 0.41 and 0.48 kg, respectively. The 4% FCM yield and also fat yield did not differ significantly among different dietary treatments and also due to UDP level and plane of nutrition, however, 4% FCM yield was increased by 11.74% with high UDP level and 13.83% with higher plane of feeding. The values for total solids, fat, lactose, solids-not-fat and gross energy contents in milk differed significantly (p<0.05) among the different groups and were significantly (p<0.05) higher in milk of cows fed LUDP+HP diet followed by HUDP+HP diet. Total solids (14.65 and 13.83%), lactose (5.44 and 4.92%), solids-not-fat (9.44 and 8.83%) and gross energy (887 and 838 kcal/kg) of milk decreased significantly (p<0.05) with increased UDP level while total solids (13.84 and 14.64), fat (4.84 and 5.36%) and gross energy (832 and 894 kcal/kg) increased significantly (p<0.05) with increase in plane of feeding. Gross and net energetic efficiencies and also gross and net efficiencies of nitrogen utilization for milk production were not significantly different among different groups and also were not affected significantly due to either UDP levels or plane of feeding. Results of the present study suggest that, increasing UDP level from 41% to 48% of CP in concentrate mixture and also increasing plane of feeding from normal (100%) to 115% of NRC requirements maintain a consistently higher milk production.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.1553-1558
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• 2005

Polymannuronate를 첨가한 사료를 흰쥐에 각각 기초식이군, 콜레스테롤식이군과 5$\%$ polymannuronate가 함유된 콜레스테롤식이군을 4주간 급이한 후 혈청, 간장조직 및 분변에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 콜레스테롤식이군에 비해 polymannuronate식이군에서는 혈청 및 간장조직의 총콜레스테롤 함량이 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 간장조직 중의 지방분포도 동일한 경향을 보였다. Polymannuronate식이군은 콜레스테롤식이군보다 일일 분변량이 유의적으로 증가하였는데, polymannuronate가 답즙산 및 콜레스테롤과 결합하여 분변으로 배출되어 분변 중의 총담즙산과 총콜레스테롤 및 총식이섬유 함량이 증가한 것으로 보여진다. 이상의 결과에서, polymannuronate는 체내에서 담즙산 및 총콜레스테롤과 결합하여 분변 중으로 배출함으로써 흰쥐의 혈청 및 간장조직 중의 총콜레스테롤 함량을 감소시켜 지질개선의 효과를 나타내는 것으로 보여 진다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.76-86
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• 1988

쥐에게 물대신 12% 에탄올(대조군) 또는 인삼사포닌 분획을 포함한 12% 에탄올(시험군)을 6일간 투여한 후 간과 혈청에서의 acetaldehyde 농도와 간의 [$NAD^+$]/ [NADH] 및 [$NADP^+$]/[NADPH] 비율을 조사하였다. 대조군의 간과 혈청의 acetaldehyde 농도는 물로 사육한 정상군에 비해 훨씬 높았으나 물대신 인삼사포닌을 포함한 에탄올을 투여한 시험군의 경우는 정상군에 비해 약간 높았을 뿐이었으며 [$NAD^+$]/ [NADH] 비의 감소율도 대조군보다는 시험군이 훨씬 작았다. l-$^{l4}C$]-ethanol을 함유한 10% ethanol을 1ml 복강으로 투여하고 30분 후의 간의 지방질의 방사능을 분석한 결과 시험군의 간 지방질의 전체 방사능은 대조군보다 훨씬 낮았고 인산지방질, 콜레스테롤, 지방산, 중성지방과 같은 지방질의 분석결과는 에탄올 투여로 인한 인산지방질 생합성 저하와 지방산 및 중성지방의 생합성 증가현상이 인삼사포닌의 투여로 개선되는 것으로 관찰되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.1630-1639
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• 2019

Objective: Sixty Pengbo semi-wool sheep ewes (approximately 1.5-years-old; $31.33{\pm}0.43kg$) were randomly assigned to two groups, either grazing (G) or dry lot feeding (D), to examine the effects of traditional daily grazing and dry lot feeding on performance and blood metabolites during the cold season in Tibetan Plateau. Methods: The ewes in the G group were grazed continuously each day and housed in one shed each evening, while the ewes in the D group were housed in another shed all day. All animals were fed 400 g/d of commercial concentrate, and grass hay was available freely throughout the experimental period. Results: Compared with the G group, the ewes in the D group had higher (p<0.05) live weight and weight gain. The D group ewes had greater (p<0.05) numbers of white blood cells and platelets, while they had lower (p<0.05) platelet-large cell ratios, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glutathione peroxidase, as compared with the G group ewes. Additionally, three serum metabolites, abscisic acid, xanthoxin and 3,4-dihydroxy-5-polypren, were upregulated (p<0.05) in the G group in comparison with the D group. Conclusion: In conclusion, a dry lot feeding regime during the winter and spring period will increase the productivity of sheep and improve blood physiological and biochemical profiles.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.378-382
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• 2011

The feeding ecology of bluefin searobin Chelidonichthys spinosus around Jeju Island was examined. Specimens were caught every autumn from 2004 to 2007. The primary prey items of C. spinosus included fish, shrimp, and crabs. Chelidonichthys spinosus preyed upon a wide range of sub-pelagic crustacean groups(e.g., Leptochela gracilis, Leptochela sydniensis). This species was also an opportunistic feeder, exploiting the available prey groups in each area(i.e., L. gracilis in the South Sea and East China Sea groups and L. gracilis and L. sydniensis in the Yellow Sea group). The main prey group of this species changed from demersal shrimp to pelagic shrimp with prey environmental changes. Observed ontogenetic shifts in diet were relatively clear despite substantial overlap between the 10 cm and 20 cm C. spinosus groups.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1971

The effect of author's recipe of milk-substituting food was studied on 164 children of a primary school. Dividing the subjects into tow groups, A and B respectively, the former being fed with the author's food and the latter served as control, feeding was continued for 6 months daily at lunch hour, with the following results. (1) The effect of the author's milk-substituting food on the body-physique of the children could not be evaluated because of the short period of observation. (2) As observed clinically, various nutritional deficiency symptoms, such as anemia, angular scar glossitis, and hyperkeratosis, were far less frequently occurred in the fed group, while no such significant reduction of occurrence was noted in the control group. It was concluded from the above results that the well-balanced school feeding to the children Is necessary.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.21-24
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• 1985

The effects of dietary magnesium, calcium on the serum cholesterol concentration in rabbit was studied for a period of 21 days using isocalorids and isonitrogenous basal diet. It is investigated that the serum cholesterol level lowering by feeding with calcium, magnesium, sesame oil and perilla oil, did not appeared but perilla oil and magnesium feeding group appeared a little bit lowering. There was no effect for the total protein, but there was some sort of effect for albumin and globulin. Particulary, alpa-globulin was increased by calcium, magnesium, sesame oil and perilla oil feeding groups. The esterified cholesterol was increased at the magnesium and perilla oil diet group. It is also, investigate that there is almost no effect for the electrolytes concentration and transport phenomena in the cell through magnesium, calcium, sesame oil and perilla oil diet groups.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study was to determine whether intervention using a multidisciplinary approach affects maternal mental health, parenting stress, and sense of parenting competence in children with feeding disorder and failure to thrive (FTT). Methods : Children with feeding disorder and FTT were randomized to the intervention group (N=11) or control group (N=8). We administered the Korean standardization of Parent Temperament Questionnaire for Children (K-PTQ) in both groups before intervention, and the Korean version of the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (K-PSI-SF), Korean version of the Parenting Sense of Competence (K-PSOC), Korean version of the Beck's Depression Inventory (K-BDI), Korean version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (K-BAI), and Korean version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (K-MDQ) in both groups before and after the intervention. Results : In the intervention group, the K-BDI (p=.068), K-BAI (p=.068), and K-MDQ (p=.066) scores tended to show a decline, the K-PSI-SF scores for stress related to child learning showed a significant decline, and the K-PSOC scores for sense of parenting competence showed significant improvement. However, no significant changes were observed in the control group. Conclusion : Use of a multidisciplinary approach improved maternal mental health, parenting stress, and sense of competence. Comparison of these results with those of normal control will be necessary in a future study.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2020

Background: Breastfeeding reportedly reduces the overall frequency of infections. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the most common respiratory pathogen in infants, involves recurrent wheezing and has a pathogenic mechanism related to airway structural damage. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether breastfeeding has a beneficial effect against RSV-induced respiratory infection compared to formula feeding among infants in Korea. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of infants under 1 year of age who were admitted with RSV infection between January 2016 and February 2018 at the department of pediatrics of 4 hospitals. We investigated the differences in clinical parameters such as cyanosis, chest retraction, combined infection, fever duration, oxygen use, oxygen therapy duration, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and corticosteroid treatment of exclusive breast milk feeding (BMF), artificial milk formula fed (AMF), and mixed feeding (MF) groups. Results: Among the 411 infants included in our study, 94, 161, and 156 were included in the BMF, MF, and AMF groups, respectively. The rates of oxygen therapy were significantly different among the BMF (4.3%), MF (8.1%), and AMF (13.5 %) groups (P=0.042). The odds ratios (ORs) for oxygen therapy was significantly higher in the AMF group than in the BMF group (adjusted OR, 3.807; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-11.90; P=0.021). The ICU admission rate of the BMF group (1.1%) was lower than that of the MF (3.5%) and AMF (4.5%) groups; however, the dissimilarity was not statistically significant (P=0.338). Conclusion: The severity of RSV infection requiring oxygen therapy was lower in the BMF than the AMF group. This protective role of human milk on RSV infection might decrease the need for oxygen therapy suggesting less airway damage.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 1985

The possible effects of 10% carbohydrate containting diets on the serum glucose and lipids values were studied with normal and alloxan - diabetic male rats for a period of 28 days. The diets were supplemented with either glucose, cornstarch or sucrose, fructose or the basal diet containing no added carbohy drates. After this period, 3 to 4 rats among the each group were killed and samples of serum, liver, spleen and kidney were collected. The others were rendered diabetic by the intraperitoneal injection of alloxan ($190mg/\frac{wt}{kg}$). Then original feeding scedule was continued for 3 days in all five diabetic groups, before the collection of tissue samples and serum. Feeding the nondiabetic rats with glucose and fructose delayed the bodyweight development relatively compared with nonsugar group. The weight deductions after alloxan injection were similar in all feeding groups. All diabetic animals exhibited increased blood glucose triglceride levels but almost unchanged total cholesterol values. Blood glucose values for nondiabetic rats were normal ranges, and then glucose feeding group was the highest. Total - cholesterol values were the highest in nondiabetic rats fed glucose, fructose and in diabetics fed sucrose, glucose. Triglyceride values were the highest in nondiabetic rats fed sucrose, and no difference in diabetic rats. Some cornstarch group exhibited fatty-livers in diabetic and nondiabetic, and more studies need.