• 제목/요약/키워드: feeding ecology

검색결과 316건 처리시간 0.024초

서식지 교란 및 민간인통제지역 해제에 의한 두루미와 재두루미의 핵심서식지 변화 (The change of core habitats of the cranes due to release of the civilian control zone; CCZ and construction disturbance)

  • 유승화;정화영;김경순;유동수;김남신;김화정;허위행;김진한;이기섭
    • 환경영향평가
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.301-316
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    • 2015
  • 멸종위기 야생생물인 두루미와 재두루미는 인간에 의한 교란에 취약한 조류이다. 본 연구는 두루미류의 월동지인 철원의 민간인통제지역 중 일부 해제지역의 서식밀도 변화를 비교하여 그 중요성을 검증하고자 하였다. 또한 공사 및 비닐하우스 건설 등 교란에 의해 두루미류 핵심서식지역 범위에 대한 영향을 평가하였다. 연구결과 민간인통제지역 내에서의 공사 및 개간은 두루미류의 핵심서식지를 위축시키고, 원거리의 핵심서식지 면적을 증대시키는 영향이 있었다. 민간인통제지역의 개방은 2011년 3월에 이루어졌는데, 그 이전 이후의 3년간을 비교할 때 비닐하우스의 건립이 급격히 증가하였다. 민간인통제지역에서 해제된 지역은 비닐하우스의 건설이 집중적으로 증가하였고 개별 비닐하우스의 규모도 증가하였으며 이에따라 두루미의 취식영역이 감소하는 영향이 있었다. 하지만 민간인통제지역에서 해제된 지역임에도 불구하고 두루미의 취식밀도는 감소하지 않았고, 재두루미의 취식밀도는 오히려 증가하였는데, 이는 인근의 잠자리지역에 먹이를 공급했기 때문으로 판단되었다. 향후 민간인통제지역이 추가적으로 해제될 경우 두루미류의 서식밀도가 더욱 낮아질 것으로 예상되었다.

시화호 초지대의 계획소각에 의한 조류군집의 영향 (Effect of Prescribed Burning to Avian Community in Sihwa Grassland, Korea)

  • 유승화;강태한;백인환;김호준;이한수;김인규
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.317-325
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    • 2009
  • 시화호 초지대의 소각에 의한 조류의 서식 영향에 대한 연구는 2007년 3월에서 10월까지 경기도 화성시 마도면 송정리 인근 시화호간척지의 초지에서 실시하였다. 계획소각은 2007년 2월 28일에서 3월 1일까지 시화호 간척지의 초지 중 육상부에 인접한 지역에 대해 실시하였다. 소각지역에서는 총 30종 최대개체수 합계 181개체의 조류가 관찰되었으며, 존치지역에서는 24종 최대개체수 합계 154개체가 관찰되어 소각지역의 관찰조류 종수와 개체수가 높았다. 하지만 우점종은 소각지와 존치지간에 차이가 없었다. 수조류와 산림성조류를 제외한 소각지와 존치지의 평균 종수, 평균개체수, 종 다양도, 종 풍부도는 차이가 없었다. 초기의 군집특성은 계획소각에 의하여 변화하였지만, 후기에는 차이가 감소하였다. 계획소각에 의한 서식지 교란은 일시적으로 새로운 서식지 및 취식장소를 제공하였다. 계획소각이 목본식물의 유입을 차단하여 초지생태계를 유지하는 효과적인 방법이며, 주기적인 계획소각이 초지생태계를 유지 및 관리하는 효율적인 방안임을 제안하고자 한다.

Occurrence and diet analysis of sea turtles in Korean shore

  • Kim, Jihee;Kim, Il-Hun;Kim, Min-Seop;Lee, Hae Rim;Kim, Young Jun;Park, Sangkyu;Yang, Dongwoo
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제45권4호
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    • pp.203-217
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    • 2021
  • Background: Sea turtles, which are globally endangered species, have been stranded and found as bycatch on the Korean shore recently. More studies on sea turtles in Korea are necessary to aid their conservation. To investigate the spatio-temporal occurrence patterns of sea turtles on the Korean shore, we recorded sampling locations and dates, identified species and sexes and measured sizes (maximum curved carapace length; CCL) of collected sea turtles from the year 2014 to 2020. For an analysis of diets through stomach contents, we identified the morphology of the remaining food and extracted DNA, followed by amplification, cloning, and sequencing. Results: A total of 62 stranded or bycaught sea turtle samples were collected from the Korean shores during the study period. There were 36 loggerhead turtles, which were the dominant species, followed by 19 green turtles, three hawksbill turtles, two olive ridley turtles, and two leatherback turtles. The highest numbers were collected in the year 2017 and during summer among the seasons. In terms of locations, most sea turtles were collected from the East Sea, especially from Pohang. Comparing the sizes of collected sea turtles according to species, the average CCL of loggerhead turtles was 79.8 cm, of green turtles was 73.5 cm, and of the relatively large leatherback turtle species was 126.2 cm. In most species, the proportion of females was higher than that of males and juveniles, and was more than 70% across all the species. Food remains were morphologically identified from 19 stomachs, mainly at class level. Seaweeds were abundant in stomachs of green turtles, and Bivalvia was the most detected food item in loggerhead turtles. Based on DNA analysis, food items from a total of 26 stomachs were identified to the species or genus level. The gulfweed, Sargassum thunbergii, and the kelp species, Saccharina japonica, were frequently detected from the stomachs of green turtles and the jellyfish, Cyanea nozakii, the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus, and kelps had high frequencies of occurrences in loggerhead turtles. Conclusions: Our findings support those of previous studies suggesting that sea turtles are steadily appearing in the Korean sea. In addition, we verified that fish and seaweed, which inhabit the Korean sea, are frequently detected in the stomach of sea turtles. Accordingly, there is a possibility that sea turtles use the Korean sea as feeding grounds and habitats. These results can serve as basic data for the conservation of globally endangered sea turtles.

Intramuscular Administration of Zinc Metallothionein to Preslaughter Stressed Pigs Improves Anti-oxidative Status and Pork Quality

  • Li, L.L.;Hou, Z.P.;Yin, Y.L.;Liu, Y.H.;Hou, D.X.;Zhang, B.;Wu, G.Y.;Kim, S.W.;Fan, M.Z.;Yang, C.B.;Kong, X.F.;Tang, Z.R.;Peng, H.Z.;Deng, D.;Deng, Z.Y.;Xie, M.Y.;Xiong, H.;Kang, P.;Wang, S.X.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제20권5호
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    • pp.761-767
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    • 2007
  • This study was conducted to determine the effects of exogenous zinc-metallothionein (Zn-MT) on anti-oxidative function and pork quality. After feeding a corn-soybean meal-based diet for two weeks, 48 pigs ($Duroc{\times}Landrace{\times}Chinese\;Black Pig$) were assigned randomly to four groups. Pigs in Group 1 were maintained under non-stress conditions, whereas pigs in Groups 2, 3 and 4 were aggressively handled for 25 min to produce stress. Pigs in Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 received intramuscular administration of saline (control group; CON), 0 (negative control group; NCON), 0.8 (low dose group; LOW), and 1.6 (high dose group; HIGH) mg rabbit liver Zn-MT per kg body weight, respectively. Pigs were slaughtered at 3 and 6 h post-injection. Zn-MT treatment increased (p<0.05) the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-PX) while decreasing the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver. These responses were greater (p<0.05) at 6 h than at 3 h post Zn-MT injection. Zn-MT treatment increased (p<0.05) hepatic SOD mRNA levels in a time and dose-dependent manner and decreased (p<0.05) serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase activities (indicators of tissue integrity). Zn-MT administration decreased (p<0.05) lactate concentration and increased (p<0.05) pH and water-holding capacity in the longissimus thorasis meat. Collectively, our results indicate that intramuscular administration of Zn-MT to pre-slaughter stressed pigs improved tissue anti-oxidative ability and meat quality.

Developmental Characteristics of Eggs and Yolk Sac Larvae of Korean Striped Bitterling, Acheilognathus yamatsutae (Cyprinidae), Spawning in Mussels

  • Song, Ho-Bok;Son, Yeong-Mok
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.193-198
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    • 2005
  • This study investigated the characteristics of the eggs and yolk sac larvae of Korean striped bitterling, Acheilognathus yamatsutae, spawned and grown In mussels. The number of eggs in the ovary was small ($358{\pm}108$ SD). The eggs were oval and large, and the formation of the perivitelline space was narrow. The eggs were hatched at only 41 hours after fertilization but the hatched larvae were underdeveloped. The development of yolk projection and minute tubercles on the skin surface was notable, along with the vividly moving tail in the hatched larvae. The yolk projection and minute tubercles were disappeared upon enhancement of the motor ability of the larvae was enhanced. The formation of eyes and body pigments of the larvae was relatively delayed in comparison with that of other cyprinid larvae. After completely consuming the yolks the larvae escaped from the mussel for free swimming and exogenous feeding.

담수계내 염료 분해 세균의 특성 (Characterization of the Dye-degrading Bacteria in Aquatic Habitat)

  • Kim, Do-Gyeom;Hong-Bum Cho;Ho-Yong Lee;Yong-Keel Choi
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.51-61
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    • 1993
  • Crystal violet, a typical triphenylmenthane dye (N, N, N', N', N", N"-hexa methylparaosaniline), extensively used in textile dye, industry and research, has been suggested to cause tumor growth in botton-feeding fishes. For the isolation of crystal violet degrading bacteria, wastewaters were sampled from plants' wastewater treatment facility, textile treatment facility, textile wastewater treatment plant and etc.. The most efficient strain in crystal violet degrading bacteria was identified as Klebsiella oxytoca. Added sole carbon source in PAS minimal media was 10mg/l crystal violet, which incubated at 30。C, the degrading efficiency was maximum 12.3%. When fructose, glucose, sucrose and yeast-extract were added 0.01% in PAS media respectively, the degrading efficiency were all 96% within 24 hours.

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Ecological resilience of soil oribatid mite communities after the fire disturbance

  • Kim, Ji Won;Jung, Chuleui
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제36권2호
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    • pp.117-123
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    • 2013
  • This study investigated the impact of the fire disturbance and the pattern of recovery of soil dwelling oribatid mite communities with respect to the resilience from the fire disturbance. Oribatid mites are important decomposer animals of plant debris in soil with the feeding habits of saprophagy and mycophagy. Massive wild fire reduced soil oribatid mite abundance and diversity. The impact varied relative to the intensity of the disturbance. The proportion of the species common to the non-disturbed natural site increased as the time after the disturbance elapsed, which implying some degree of naturalness occurring in reorganization phase of the oribatid mite community. From the sites with different degree of fire impact, we found higher diversity in intermediately disturbed sites than in severely disturbed or non-disturbed site, supporting the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Also this study showed that with differential degree of disturbance plots, resilience pattern after the disturbance can be explored even with shorter period research relative to the ecological succession of community.

큰허리노린재(노린재목: 허리노린재과)의 발육 (Development of the Leaf-Footed Bug Molipteryx fuliginosa (Hemiptera: Coreidae))

  • Park, Sang Ock
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제19권6호
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    • pp.575-582
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    • 1996
  • Molipteryx fuliginosa (Uhler, 1860) is a plant juice sucker which feeds on new tips of Rubus oldhami Miquel and Zelkowa serrata Makino, and it has a strong preference for teses two plants in Korea. M. fuliginosa has one generation a year and hibernates as a young adult. Most of the winter survivors emerge in early May. It is the first time their host plants were found and reported. Females mainly lay their eggs one by one separately on the leaves of R. oldhami, and even on the steel wire, the lid guaze and the ground in the laboratory. Nymphs do not gather, but stay on the hatching site, Nymphs except the non-feeding first instar feed on young shoots. From the second to the fifth instar nymphs migrate to the upper part of the shoot and congregate in part on an expanded leaf. The new adults first appeared on 11 August, and remained in the host plant, and fed on until mid October. The duration of the hatching and molting, and the survivorship curve based on the laboratory rearing were determined.

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장수허리노린재(Anoplocnemis dallasi)의 발육 (Development of the Leaf-Footed Bug, Anoplocnemis dallasi (Hemiptera: Coreidae))

  • Park, Sang Ock
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.463-470
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    • 1995
  • Anoplocnemis dallasi Kiritchencho is a sap-sucker which feeds on tips of amorpha fruticosa Linne in Korea. A. Dallasi had one generation a year and overwintered as the young adult stage. Most overwintered survivors emerged in early-mid May to late May. Known host plants were reviewed, and new host records were added. Females mainly laid eggs in linear single chain masses on leaves of Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens. Nymphs (except the non-feeding first instars) fed on young shoots. First instar nymphs clustered on leaves or shoots where they hatched, and, if disturbed, reformed aggregations soon. The second to the fifth instar nymphs migrate to the upper part of the shoot and congreagate on a partly expanded leaf. New adults firstly appeared in late August, remained on A.fruticosa, host plant, and fed on until mid October. The duration and survivorship curve, in laboratory rearing, of the egg and each nymphal stadium was determined.

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萬頃江 河口 生態系의 構造와 璣能 - 漁類 群集의 動態에 관하여 - (The Structure and Function of Estuarine Ecosystem of Manggyong River -On the Dynamics of the Fish Communities-)

  • Lee, Chung-Lyul
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제13권4호
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    • pp.267-283
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    • 1990
  • The studies on the dynamics of fish communities in Manggyong River estuary were carried out from September 1989 to August 1990. The results, the fishes of 77 species belonging to 66 genera and 37 families were collected and identified. The dominant species in surveying areas were Thrissa koreana, Harengula zunasi, Synechogobius hasta and Konosirus. T. koreana was grown up to about 110mm of toatl length for a year, H. zunasi about 120mm, K. punctatus about 160mm and S. hasta about 220-460mm, respectively. The spowning season of S. hasta was from March to April, K. punctatus from April to June, H. zunasi from May to June and T. koreana from June to July, respectively. T. koreana and S. hasta belonged to to carnivorous, K. punctatus herbivorous and H. zunasi showed feeding habits of omnivorous fishes.

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