• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.51-70
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• 2023

The Personal Information Protection Commission has been promoting the adoption of co-regulation to replace/improve the existing self-regulation programs since 2022. While the Commission's co-regulation framework has received positive feedback for its contribution to address the regulatory issues, it has also faced criticism for being seen as "co-regulation in appearance only without any real differentiation from existing self-regulation." This study aims to examine the case of industry-specific co-regulation proposed by the Personal Information Protection Commission, with the objectives of 1) determining whether their approach can be categorized as a type of co-regulation with differentiation from the existing self-regulation programs, and 2) proposing improvements for successful regulation. The 'co-regulation' of the Commission can be classified as a form of co-regulation that differs with traditional self-regulation, as it involves government and private organizations collaborating to establish self regulatory codes reflecting industry-specific characteristics as well as provides interest groups with incentives to comply with the codes. The co-regulation framework is evaluated to some extent as successful, but there is still room for improvement in three major aspects. (1) When selecting the areas for co-regulation, a focus should be placed on areas where technological changes are rapid, and government regulations should be applied in areas where they are not. (2) It is necessary to enhance the expertise of regulatory agencies, and (3) ensuring the democratic nature of regulation, such as encouraging the participation of civil organizations, is necessary.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

소동물의 슬개골 수술은 인간의 뼈보다 약하여 수술의 난이도가 어렵기 때문에, 소 동물의 슬개골 탈구 치료 수술 과정의 학습은 수의사에게 매우 중요하다. 소 동물의 슬개골 수술 훈련은 사체를 이용한 훈련을 하고 있으나 소 동물의 사체가 부족하기 때문에 시청각 자료나 수술 참관으로 수술을 학습하고 있어 수의학과 학생 및 전문 수의사들에게 충분한 훈련 환경이 제공되지 못하는 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 소동물의 슬개골 수술을 위한 햅틱 시뮬레이터를 제안한다. 제안한 시뮬레이터는 슬개골 드릴링 수술에 적용시켰으며 소동물의 드릴링에 대한 Force Feedback을 모델링하고 햅틱 인터페이스를 제공하고, 사용자가 몰입하여 수술 경험을 할 수 있는 워크 벤치를 제공하였다. 본 논문에서 제안된 슬개골 햅틱 시뮬레이터가 제공하는 드릴링 과정에서 햅틱 피드백에 대한 사용자 평가 결과 유의미한 결과를 얻을수 있었다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1673-1681
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• 2015

A low dropout (LDO) regulator with a wide-bandwidth is proposed in this paper. The regulator features a Human Body Model (HBM) 8kV-class high robustness ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD) protection circuit, and two error amplifiers (one with low gain and wide bandwidth, and the other with high gain and narrow bandwidth). The dual error amplifiers are located within the feedback loop of the LDO regulator, and they selectively amplify the signal according to its ripples. The proposed LDO regulator is more efficient in its regulation process because of its selective amplification according to frequency and bandwidth. Furthermore, the proposed regulator has the same gain as a conventional LDO at 62 dB with a 130 kHz-wide bandwidth, which is approximately 3.5 times that of a conventional LDO. The proposed device presents a fast response with improved load and line regulation characteristics. In addition, to prevent an increase in the area of the circuit, a body-driven fabrication technique was used for the error amplifier and the pass transistor. The proposed LDO regulator has an input voltage range of 2.5 V to 4.5 V, and it provides a load current of 100 mA in an output voltage range of 1.2 V to 4.1 V. In addition, to prevent damage in the Integrated Circuit (IC) as a result of static electricity, the reliability of IC was improved by embedding a self-produced 8 kV-class (Chip level) ESD protection circuit of a P-substrate-Triggered Silicon Controlled Rectifier (PTSCR) type with high robustness characteristics.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.75-79
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• 1993

Myocardial protection against ischemic and reperfusion injuries is still in troublesome eventhough couples of the way of myocardial protection have been applied since 1970's. One of the possibility in myocardial protection is adding Fructose-l,6-diphosphate(FDP) in cardioplegic solution. It is assumed that FDP can promote ATP production under anaerobic condition as well as inhibiting the supressing effect of lactate on phosphofructokinase. We compared the myocardial protecting effects of FDP in crystalloid cardioplegic solution (St. Thomas formula, 10$^{\circ}C$, pH = 7.4) and reperfusate using isolated rat hearts in modified Langendorf apparatus by the parameters of preischemic and post reperfusing heart rate, time to first beat, occurance of arrhythmia, time to stabilization, and the rate of left ventricular pressure developing. Group A (n = 10), containing no FDP in cardioplegic and reperfusing solutions was control. Group B (n = 5), containing FDP in cardioplegic solution, showed statistically significant superiority of postischemic left ventricular pressure development than the control group. Group C (n = 5), containing FDP in reperfusate, showed statistically significant myocardial depressing effect than the controls. Other parameters were unremarkable. The cause is uncertain, but it is assumed that the negative feedback inhibition of FDP in energy metabolism or unknown blocking effect of FDP on certain transmembrane ionic currents is present. In conclusion, 1) FDP in cardioplegic solution has beneficial effect on postischemic left ventricular preservation. 2) FDP is strong acid when is hydrolyzed, so precise acid titration is neccessary. 3) FDP in reperfusate has negative left ventricular preservation, otherwise the mechanism is still uncertain.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.1013-1032
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• 2000

At present, the scale of Electronic Commerce through internet has been rapidly increasing due to the development of information & communication technology, and aggregated to 2.4 billion dollar in America last year (1998). The market scale of worldwide electronic commerce is also presumed to be about 130 billion dollar in 2000, and to occupy more than 20% of the whole world trade in world 2020. Since the right of trademark, despite of being effective only in registered nations on the principle of territorialism, is unified on the cyber space of internet without domestic barrier or local limitation which make it easier to conduct the distribution of information rapidly through the address-internet domain name, those are very important that the systematic dispute-solving plan on problems such as decision of its Act and international jurisdiction to be established, in an effort to prevent the newly emerging dispute instances such as trademark infringement and improper competitiveness. In addition, it is natural that on the threshold of the electronic commerce age which formed with an unified area without the worldwide specific regulation, each country including us makes haste with the enactment of "electronic commerce Act" aiming at coming into force in 1999, in keeping with getting through "non-tariff law on electronic commerce" by U. S. parliament on May, 1998. In view of the properties of electronic commerce transactions through internet, there are the large curtailment of distributive channel, surmounting of restrictions on transaction area, space and time and the easy feedback with consumer and the cheap-required capital, from which the problems may arise - registration of trademark, the trademark infringement of domain name and the protection of prestigious trademark. Therefore, it is necessary to take the counter-measure, with a view of reviewing the infringement of trademark and domain name and the instances of each national precedent and to preventing the disputes. The improvement of the persistent system should be needed to propel the harmonious protection of those holding trademark right's credit and demanders' expectant profit by way of the righteous use of trademark.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

교육훈련은 안전문화를 증진하고, 방사선작업종사자의 방사선방호 역량을 강화하는 주요한 수단이다. 기존의 단기 원자력 국제교육은 고위급 대상의 강의실 교육을 중심으로 수행되고 있으나, 이제 원전을 수출하는 기술공여국으로서 우리의 위상은 개도국으로부터 자국의 실무 전문가 양성을 위한 지원을 요청받고 있다. 본 연구는 국내의 우수한 방사선 시설과 교육훈련 인프라를 활용하여 실습과 현장방문을 강화한 국제 방사선방호 실무 전문가 양성 과정을 개발하고, 평가 및 피드백 절차를 완성하여 운영한 결과를 요약한다. 교육과정의 개발 및 운영 과정에서는 SAT 방법론을 도입함으로써 교수-학습 효과를 극대화하고, 교수목적, 방법, 평가의 일관성을 유지하고자 하였다. 교육과정의 개시전 또는 종료 후에 수행된 비교평가와 최종평가에서 평균 점수가 약 2점 상승하고, 설문조사에서는 대부분의 항목에서 4.0 이상의 높은 만족도를 나타내었다. 이는 본 교육과정에 적용된 교수학습 방법이 효과적이었음을 시사한다. 이러한 교수학습 방법론은 국제교육에서 실무 전문가 양성을 위한 맞춤형 교육과정을 개발하고, 이론중심에서 현장 실무중심으로 국제교육의 패러다임을 전환하는 단초가 될 것이다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.18.1-18.5
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• 2020

Finding publications that propose alternative methods to animal experiments is an important but time-consuming task since researchers need to perform various queries to literature databases and screen many articles to assess two important aspects: the relevance of the article to the research question, and whether the article's proposed approach qualifies to being an alternative method. We are currently developing a Web application to support finding alternative methods to animal experiments. The current (under development) version of the application utilizes external tools and resources for document processing, and relies on the PubAnnotation ecosystem for annotation querying, annotation storage, dictionary-based tagging of cell lines, and annotation visualization. Currently, our two PubAnnotation repositories for discourse elements contain annotations for more than 110k PubMed documents. Further, we created an annotator for cell lines that contain more than 196k terms from Cellosaurus. Finally, we are experimenting with TextAE for annotation visualization and for user feedback.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.165-167
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• 2006

On our return to India from Germany, we have worked on the development of parabolic solar concentrators with input and collaboration of German and Austrian inventors. We have gradually improved the solar technologies to include food processing based on inputs and feedback from users to fulfill their specific requirements. We will discuss the acceptability and commercialisation of various systems that we have successfully developed, their implications and their benefit. These success stories can work as multipliers. These concentrators can have various other applications. The Global Treaty Kyoto Protocol's CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) can result in a win-win situation for both developing and developed nations and the world environment at large - whereby developed nations get carbon credits by supporting renewable energy projects in developing nations. North-South dialogue and South-South dialogue can effectively foster global co-operation meaningfully to benefit People and environments ensuring sustainable development and protection of Our planet Earth, our only HOME!!!

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제51권11호
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• pp.628-634
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• 2002

A capacitor-charging power supply using high frequency inverter technology is strongly recommended for the charging section of the pulsed power supplies. A high frequency inverter swiching makes the overall system size small. The command-charging feature can guarantee the higher reliability of switching function. The protection circuit can be easily included in the system and the good regulation of charging voltage can be acieved by the feedback system. Several modules can be stacked to supply required output power and a failed module can be easily replaced. A 50-kV, 35-kW capacitor charging power supply is developed. In this paper the detailed design and test results of a prototype unit are presented.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2568-2571
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• 2002

A LCD backlight inverter control IC based on the piezoelectric transformer (PZT) for Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp (CCFL) lighting is proposed. It is indeed a variable frequency, variable duty (VFVD) controller having dual feedback control loops for achieving both the regulation of lamp current and the maximum efficiency. The PWM controller regulates the lamp current, while the PLL controller tunes the operating frequency to the frequency that the efficiency of the combined LC-PZT resonator becomes maximum. The mixed PLL/PWM control technique lets the backlight inverter operate at the maximum efficiency in spite of the variation of component and environment. The controller features include a protection for an open or broken lamps, and an open lamp regulation.