• Title/Summary/Keyword: fatty acid derivatives

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An analytical method of soap biodegradability with fatty acid p-BPB derivatives (지방산의 p-BPB 유도체에 의한 비누 생분해도 분석 방법)

  • Oh, Se-Woong;Lee, Ja-Kyoung;Chung, Yong;Chang, Sug-Youn;Kim, Yeo-Kyung
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.9-19
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    • 1993
  • Fatty acid salts derived from soap can be transferred into a typical derivative with p-bromophenacyl bromide using crown ether, a catalizer by the solid-liquid phase transfer reaction in nonpolar, aprotic solvents and separated by the reverse phase high performance liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) and determined using UV detector. The minimal limit of detection was defined at approximately 10~50ng in accordance with the chain length. The derivatization reaction in the presence of EDTA can be applied mot only to the calcium salts but also to the other various metal salts. The recoveries of fatty acid derivatizations in the absence and presence of the midium containing the yeast extract were obtained $95.4{\pm}1.2$, and $85.2{\pm}2.4%$ respectively. The analytical method would be applicable to determine the biodegradation of fatty acid salts in nature as well as in artificial condition such as shaker flask-medium method.

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Development of Hydrophobically Modified Casein Derivative-Based Delivery System for Docosahexaenoic Acids by an Acid-Induced Gelation

  • Ho-Kyung Ha;Dan-Bi Woo;Mee-Ryung Lee;Won-Jae Lee
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.220-231
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    • 2023
  • Although omega-3 fatty acids including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contain various health-promoting effects, their poor aqueous solubility and stability make them difficult to be induced in dairy foods. The aims of this research were to manufacture casein derivative-based delivery system using acid-induced gelation method with glucono-σ-lactone and to investigate the effects of production variables, such as pH and charged amount of linoleic acid, on the physicochemical properties of delivery systems and oxidative stability of DHA during storage in model milk. Covalent modification with linoleic acid resulted in the production of casein derivatives with varying degrees of modification. As pH was reduced from 5.0 to 4.8 and the charged amount of linoleic acid was increased from 0% to 30%, an increase in particle size of casein derivative-based delivery systems was observed. The encapsulation efficiency of DHA was increased with decreased pH and increased charged amount of linoleic acid. The use of delivery system for DHA resulted in a decrease in the development of primary and secondary oxidation products. An increase in the degree of modification of casein derivatives with linoleic acid resulted in a decrease in the formation of primary and secondary oxidation products than of free DHA indicating that delivery systems could enhance the oxidative stability of DHA during storage in model milk. In conclusions, casein derivatives can be an effective delivery system for DHA and charged amount of linoleic acid played a key role determining the physicochemical characteristics of delivery system and oxidative stability of DHA.

Synthesis and Lubricating Properties of Dimer Acid Derivatives Based on Used Vegetable Oil (폐식물유 기반 다이머산 유도체의 합성 및 경유의 윤활성능)

  • Lee, Sang Jun;Kim, Young-Wun;Yoo, Seung-Hyun;Kim, Nam-Kyun;Shin, Ji Hoon;Yoon, Byung-Tae
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.530-536
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    • 2013
  • Vegetable oil-based dimer acid derivatives were prepared through a two-step procedure and their lubricating properties for diesel fuel were evaluated using high frequency reciprocating ring (HFRR) method to investigate wear scar diameter (WSD). Diels-Alder reaction at an elevated temperature transformed fatty acid to dimer acid, subsequently converted into dimer acid derivatives by esterification with methanol. It should be noted that the derivatives were dissolved well in diesel oil up to 1 wt%. After adding 120 ppm of the derivatives to pure diesel, the WSD significantly decreased to $300{\sim}05{\mu}m$, compared to $552{\mu}m$ of WSD in pure diesel. Dimer acid derivatives having carboxylic acid show superb in lubricating property which does not depend on the alkyl group in the derivatives.

Studies on the Fatty Acid Distribution in the Position of Triacylglycerols from the Seed of Pinus Koraiensis by Stereo-specific Analysis and $^{13}C-NMR$ Techniques (입본특이적(立本特異的) 방법(方法)과 $^{13}C-NMR$ 기법(技法)에 의한 잣기름의 트리아실 글리세롤의 구성지방산(構成脂肪酸)의 분포(分布)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Woo, Hyo-Kyeng;Kim, Seung-Jin;Joh, Yong-Goe
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.35-44
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    • 1998
  • All the triacylglycerols including the molecular species having ${\Delta}^5$-unsaturated fatty acids from the seeds of Pinus Koraiensis, were split into a mixture of diacylglycerols by a Grignard reagent prepared with allyl bromide without arousing acyl chains of a glycerol moiety to migration, and were also easily partially hydrolyzed to diacylglycerols by pancreatic lipase. (S)-(+)-(1-naphthyl)ethyl urethane(NEU) derivatives of the diacylglycerol mixture derived from the triacylglycerols were fractionated into sn-1, 3-, sn-1, 2- and sn-2, 3-DG-NEU by silica-HPLC and the fatty acid composition of these fractions was analysed. $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$ is distributed evenly in the three positions of TG with $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$ mainly located in sn-2 position, while ${\Delta}^5$-unsaturated fatty acids such as ${\Delta}^{5.9}-C_{18:2}$, ${\Delta}^{5.9.12}-C_{18:3}$ and ${\Delta}^{5.11.14}-C_{20:3}$ are exclusively present in the sn-3 position. These results could be confirmed by $^{13}C$-NMR spectroscopy : the signals at $^{\delta}$173.231 ppm and $^{\delta}$172.811 ppm of the carbonyl carbon of acyl moieties indicate the presence of saturated acids and/or $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$ (oleic acid) in the ${\alpha}({\alpha}')$- or ${\beta}$- positions, and $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$ including $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$ in the ${\beta}$-position, respectively. In addition, the resonance at $^{\delta}$173.044 ppm suggested a location of ${\Delta}^5$-unsaturated fatty acid moiety in the ${\alpha}({\alpha}')$-position.

Chlorinated Hydroquinone Derivatives of Fruiting Body of Russula subnigricans

  • Kwon, Dong-Joo;Bae, Young-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.38 no.5
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    • pp.439-443
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    • 2010
  • The 95% aqueous EtOH extract was obtanied from the fruiting body of Russula subnigricans. Repeated silica gel column chromatography and preparative TLC afforded one fatty acid and three chlorinated hydroquinone derivatives. They were identified as nonadecanoic acid (1), 2,6-dichloro-4-methoxyphenol (2), russuphelin A (3), and russuphelin E (4) on the basis of several spectral data (MS, $^1H$ and $^{13}C$-NMR, including HMBC).

Analysis and Comparison of Cerebroside Components from Soybean Fermented Foods (대두발효식품 Cerebroside의 구성성분 분석 및 비교)

  • 이은열;김희숙
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.177-183
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    • 2002
  • Cerebroside fatty acids, sugars and long-chain sphingoid bases in raw soybean and soybean fermented foods (chongkukjang and deunjang) were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-pH anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amerometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Fatty acids of acid-hydrolyzed cerebrosides were derivatized to O-TMS methylester and analysed. The major fatty acids in raw soybean and chongkukjang cerebrosides were identified as 2-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid (16 : 0h), 2-hydroxydocosanoic acid (22 : 0h) and 2-hydroxytetracosanoic acid (24 : 0h). In the case of deunjang cerebroside, 24 : 0h (40.9%) and 22 : 0h (23.4%) were major fatty acids, but 16 : 0h, 23 : 0h, 25 : 0h and 26 : 0h were also detected. Long-chain sphingoid bases of acid-hydrolyzed cerebrosides from raw soybean, chongkukjang and deunjang consisted primarily of 4-tracts, 8-tracts-sphingadienine (dihydroxy base, d18 : 2$\Delta$$^{4trans, 8trans}$) and sis-tracts isomers of 4-hydroxy-sphingenine (trihydroxy base, tl8:1$\Delta$$^{4trans or cis}$) with much less amounts of phytosphingosine (tl8: 0) and isomers of sphingenine (d18 : 1). Although deunjang is a soybean food fermented by fungi and microorganisms for a long period, 2-hydroxyoctadec-3-enoic acid (18 : 1h) and branched 9-methyl-4,8-sphingadienine known as compositional cerebroside fatty acids in Aspergillus species were not detected. Mass spectrum for sugar derivatives in cerebrosides of soybean foods including raw soybean and fermented soybean showed that C-1 of glucose moiety was linked to ceramide backbone as like a monoglucosylceramide.

Effect of Antioxidants on the Oxidative Stability of Biodiesel Fuels (항산화제가 바이오디젤유의 산화안정성에 미치는 영향)

  • Ryu, Kyung-Hyun
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.81-86
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    • 2007
  • Biodiesel fuel that consists of saturated and unsaturated long-chain fatty acid alkyl esters is an alternative diesel fuel produced from vegetable oils or animal fats. However, air causes autoxidation of biodiesel fuel during storage, which can reduce fuel quality by adversely affecting its properties, such as the kinematic viscosity and acid value. One approach for improving the resistance of fatty derivatives to autoxidation is to mix them with antioxidants. This study investigated the effectiveness of five such antioxidants in mixtures with biodiesel fuels produced by three biodiesel manufacturers : tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate (PrG) and $\alpha$-tocopherol. Oxidation stability was determined using Rancimat equipment. The results show that TBHQ, BHA, and BHT were the most effective and $\alpha$-tocopherol was the least effective at increasing the oxidation stability of biodiesel. This study recommends that TBHQ and PrG be used for safeguarding biodiesel fuel from the effects of autoxidation during storage.

Syntheses and Biological Activities of Uridine Nucleoside Derivatives (Uridine Nucleoside 유도체의 합성과 생물 활성)

  • Bong-Hun Lee;Jang-Su Park;Shin-Won Kang
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.63-68
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    • 1999
  • Many nucleoside compounds such as 5-halogen substituted uridine, 5'-amino-5'-deoxyuridine conjugates of amino acid, peptide, and penicillin G, 5'-monophosphate uridine derivatives and 5'-monophosphate uridine-fatty acid derivatives were chemically synthesized and their antifungal, antibacterial, and antitumor activities were tested. 5-Bromo-2',3'-O-isopropylideneuridine(6) inhibited the growth of Trichophyton rubrum at $0.2{\mu}$g/ml of MIC. 5'-Amino-5'-deoxyuridine-penicillin G(19), 5'-amino-5'-deoxyuridine-cyclo(Phe-Asp)(20), and 5-iodo-5'-amino-5'-deoxyuridine- penicillin G(22) had antibarterial activity(MIC was $6.25{\mu}$g/ml against S. aureus) and the latter two nucleoside compounds were the most antitumor derivatives(their $IC_{50}$ against L5178Y murine lymphoma cell was $6.5{\mu}$g/ml).

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N-Acyl Amino Acid Surfactant(15) Synthesis and Properties of Sodium N-(2-Dodecyl Succinoyl) l-Glutamate (N-아실아미노산계 계면활성제 (제15보) Sodium N-(2-Dodecyl Succinoyl) l-Glutamate의 합성 및 계면성)

  • Kwack, Kwang-Soo;Yoon, Young-Kyoon;Jeong, Noh-Hee;Kim, Duck-Gwon;Nam, Ki-Dae
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.55-59
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    • 2001
  • These N-acyl amino acid surfactants is normally produced by reaction of acid anhydride with sodium ${\ell}-glutamate$ hydrolysates under Schotten-Baumann condition i.e., in alkaline aqueous medium. To avoid using fatty acid chlorides, acylations were also carried out with the fatty acids themselves or with their methyl esters, but unfortunately these methods cannot be used in practice, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, was to be studied for their suitability as acylating agents the production if acylated glutamine hydrolysates. The surface activities including surface tension forming power, forming stability and emulsifying power were measured. The experimental results revealed that the products have a good emulsifying power. Thus, there derivatives will be expected to be used an emulsifying agent for O/W type cosmetic emulsion.

Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplemention on Fat Accumulation and Degradation in Rats (흰쥐에서 식이지방에 첨가한 Conjugated Linoleic Acid가 지방 축적과 분해에 미치는 영향)

  • 강금지;박현서
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.367-374
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    • 2001
  • Conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) is a naturally occuring group of derivatives of linoleic acid found in beef and dairy products. CLA has reported to reduce body fat. This study was designed to observe the effect of CLA supplementation on fat accumulation and degradation in male Sprague Dawley rats. Seventy two rats, weighing 150-180g, were divided into 2 groups according to the types of dietary fat(beef tallow or fish oil) and then each group was divided into 2 groups depending on CLA supplementation, i.e., BT, BT-CLA, FO, FO-CLA. All rats were fed experimental diet containing total fat at 12%(w/w) including CLA at 1% for 30 weeks. At 30 weeks, rats were sacrificed to measure TG, free fatty acid level in plasma, TG, lipogenic enzymes in lever and fat cell size, LPL and HSL activities in epididymal fat fad. Fish oil supplemented with CLA diet showed significant reduction in the food efficiency and weight in 30 weeks-fed rats. CLA supplement did not effect on plasma TG, hepatic TG levels and lipogenic enzymes activities in rats, but, fish oil significantly reduced, The LPL and HSL activities did not affected by CLA supplement and n-3 fatty acid rich fish oil. In conclusion, the results suggest that CLA supplement was not a proper way to reduce the fat accumulation in Sprague Dawley rats. Fish oil supplemented with CLA might better way to reduce the body fatness than fish oil itself. Therefore, It is recommended that further study be performed related to physiological and biochemical effects of CLA supplementation and n-3 fatty acid in rats for the reduction of body fatness.(Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 367∼374, 2001)

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