• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.536-543
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• 1987

The Fontan procedure was physiological correction which was initially applied to tricuspid atresia. We had used the modified Fontan operation in 8 cases at National Medical Center, Seoul, from Aug. 1984 to Oct. 1986. Age range was 20 months to 15 years [mean: 9 years] and male: female ratio was 5:3. 5 patients had tricuspid atresia [lb: 2 cases, Ic: 1 case, lib: 1 case, & llc: 1 case], 2 Patients had univentricular heart of left ventricular type, and one patient had transposition of great arteries with complete endocardial cushion defect. The operative principle was direct anastomosis between right atrium and pulmonary artery, whether main pulmonary artery or right pulmonary artery without any conduits. Postoperatively all patients needed high central venous pressure for adequate hemodynamic status in both survival [20-24 CmH2O] and mortality groups [20-24 CmH2O]. The fatal complications were as follows: empyema with bronchopleural fistula [1 case], bleeding tendency & brain damage [1 case], low cardiac output syndrome & acute renal failure [2 cases], and right to left shunt of unknown origin [1 case]. There were 5 hospital deaths; 3 of 5 tricuspid atresia patients, 1 of 2 univentricular heart patients, and 1 of 1 transposition of great arteries with complete endocar4ial cushion defect patient. The overall mortality was 62.5%. 3 survivors were nearly compatible with Choussat & Fontan criteria. Thus appropriate patient selection and experienced surgical technique were required for good results.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.105-116
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• 2013

Background: In Korea, there is low awareness of the respiratory health problems caused by the use of humidifiers, leading to a lack of governmental measures. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to review cases of varying degrees of humidifier lung and fever in connection with the use of humidifiers and to summarize the probable environmental agents causing these cases. Methods: We searched all articles reporting on humidifier lung, humidifier fever, and humidifier diseases caused by the use of a humidifier both at home and in the workplace. Results: We summarized a number of cases of varying degrees of respiratory diseases resulting from inhalation of water mist of humidifiers containing various species of bacteria and fungi and their toxins. Type of respiratory disease connected with humidifier lung includes interstitial pneumonitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, fever and several respiratory symptoms. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), Actinomycetes, endotoxins and contaminated humidifier water were the most commonly suspected probable environmental agents causing humidifier lung. In Korea, the use of humidifier biocide is suspected as a likely cause of fatal lung injury including death and lung transplantation. Conclusion: Governmental policy should be devised and measures including a national surveillance system should be taken to prevent humidifier lung caused by the use of humidifiers.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.6 no.3 s.25
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• pp.120-127
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• 2005

This study examines the occurrence of accidents when workers were travelling on construction sites and the differences in risk involved in each occupation. An analysis of 750 fatal accident reports found that in 138 cases, the fatality occurred when the workers were travelling on site. The 138 cases were then divided according to occupation and were then examined to determine how the workers in each occupation had been affected by various hazardous situations. There were significant differences in accident occurrence between the occupations and in the various hazardous situations. The results imply that the cultural aspect of each occupation leads to a substantial difference in the possibility of fatal injuries or death and that such differences in risk should be taken into account when planning the workers' movements on site. The findings of this study aim to help workers to understand the risks entailed when travelling on site and also to assist managers in the planning of workers, movements on construction sites.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.421-428
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• 1986

From January 1981 through December 1985, 481 thoracic civilian injuries were reviewed in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Paik Hospital in Seoul. Sixty two percent of the injuries were caused by traffic accident, 18% fall down, 15% blunt trauma, 2% crushing injury, 2% stab wound, and 0.4% gunshot wound. Peak incidence of the trauma victim was fourth and fifth decades revealing 22% and 27% respectively. Sex ratio was 3.5:1 with male predominance. Elapsed time before admission was less than one hour in 36% and one to six hour in 30%. The types of the injuries were as follows: Non-penetrating injuries were the most part of the wounded, 97.6%. Rib fracture was the most common lesion occupying 292 patient out of 481 [61%]. Of these 292 patients, 72% was multiple rib fracture. The incidence of hemothorax or hemopneumothorax was 19% [102 patients] [Table 4]. Most common associated condition was head injuries, 98 patients [14%]. Thoracoabdominal injuries were seen in 31 patients [0.6%]. Tube thoracostomy was the definitive measures in the 20% of the wounded. Open thoractomy was performed in 5%. Additional procedures for the associated condition were done in the 16% of the cases, for example, reduction of long bone fracture and trephination for the head injury. Among 481 wounded, fatal complication occurred in 13 patients [2.7%]. This paper has also compared two series of patients according to period; one from 1970 to 1980 and the present series [Table 8]. Conclusively, the fatal complications or trauma death may be reduced by the effort 1] rapid transport of the victim, 2] initial correction or resuscitative measures of the circulatory and ventilatory deficit 3] early decision of definitive thoracostomy or thoracotomy and 4] proper prioritizing for the care of the multiple critically injured patient.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.499-509
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• 2023

Background/Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-related adverse events (AEs) that eventually lead to medical disputes or claims on medical professional liability. Methods: Medical disputes for ERCP/EUS-related AEs filed in the Korea Medical Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Agency between April 2012 and August 2020 were evaluated using corresponding medical records. AEs were categorized into three sections: procedure-related, sedation-related, and safety-related AEs. Results: Among a total of 34 cases, procedure-related AEs were 26 (76.5%; 12 duodenal perforations, 7 post-ERCP pancreatitis, 5 bleedings, 2 perforations combined with post-ERCP pancreatitis); sedation-related AEs were 5 (14.7%; 4 cardiac arrests, 1 desaturation), and safety-related AEs were 3 (8.8%; 1 follow-up loss for stent removal, 1 asphyxia, 1 fall). Regarding clinical outcomes, 20 (58.8%) were fatal and eventually succumbed to AEs. For the types of medical institutions, 21 cases (61.8%) occurred at tertiary or academic hospitals, and 13 (38.2%) occurred at community hospitals. Conclusions: The ERCP/EUS-related AEs filed in Korea Medical Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Agency showed distinct features: duodenal perforation was the most frequent AE, and clinical outcomes were fatal, resulting in at least more than permanent physical impairment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.174-177
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• 1990

Aortic dissection is a challenging disease and the causes of that are well-known. Blunt chest trauma is one of the causes of aortic dissection. In such cases, nearly all cases involves the isthmic portion of descending aorta, but ascending aorta is involved in about 10. We experienced a patient who had ascending aortic dissection due to automobile accident and who showed spontaneous rupture of the aorta during operation. In this case, after installation of aortic line via left femoral artery, ascending aorta ruptured and a large amount of blood gushed out, which was suckered by cardiotomy sucker. A little delay of cardiopulmonary bypass may cause the fatal outcome in such a case because the bleeding from aorta is too much to be controlled. Fortunately, we controlled the bleeding with cardiopulmonary bypass and got the good outcome of this patient by interpositioning the vascular graft. One should suspect the possibility of aortic dissection in blunt chest trauma, and prepare all the facilities against bleeding due to rupture.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.275-279
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• 1984

Between June 1, 1971 and June 31, 1983, 90 patients of esophageal carcinoma were experienced at N.M.C. Surgery was applied to 63 patients [70%]; Exploratory operations, including feeding gastrostomy, feeding jejunostomy, & esophagecutenostomy with feeding gastrostomy, was done in 26 patients due to advanced stage or general condition. Esophagogastrectomy [or esophagectomy] with esophagogastrostomy was done in 25 patients, curative operation in 9 patients & palliative operation in 16 patients. Colon bypass in 12 patients, 7 cases with tumor resection & 5 cases without resection. Postoperative complications were anastomotic leakage [14.3%], respiratory complications [19.1%], & others. Anastomotic leakage & respiratory complications were major fatal complication in surgery of esophageal carcinoma. Postoperative mortality was mainly due to respiratory complications [14.3%] & anastomotic leakage [7.9%].

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.426-430
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• 1995

Pancoast tumor was specific lung carcinoma that has been symptoms and signs according to locations. It was located in peripheral,and involved the extrathoracic structures more than parenchyme of the lung. At 1838, Hare reported it, and at 1932 Pancoast was first described it. Prior to 1950,superior sulcus tumor was considered uniformly fatal, but at 1961 Paulson and Shaw advocated the use of preoperative irradiation therapy and followed by an extended en bloc resection. Recently we were experienced 2 cases of pancoast tumor managed with same method. One was 60-years old man that has been recommended preoperative radiation therapy with dose of 3000 cGy to 20 fractions and followed resection after 4 weeks, the other was 53-years old man that has been recommended a dose of 4000 cGy to 20 fractions and followed resection after 4 weeks. On tumor histology first case was large cell carcinoma and second case was squamous cell carcinoma. all patients was complicated atelectasis. First patient was expired with brain metastasis after 17 months, second was expired after 6 months.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.sup1
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• pp.80-83
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• 2016

Isolated anomalous right coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery (ARCAPA) is a rare congenital coronary anomaly that is asymptomatic and discovered incidentally in most cases. ARCAPA is generally not considered a fatal defect in infancy or childhood, although cases of sudden death have been reported. Here, we report a 2-month-old female infant who presented with a prolonged fever that was determined to be caused by rhinovirus infection. Myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular posterior wall was already seen on echocardiography, and ARCAPA was discovered incidentally. The patient underwent successful surgical reimplantation of the right coronary artery to the aortic root to re-establish dual ostial circulation.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.853-860
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• 1995

Two cases of guttural pouch mycosis in race horses were observed for clinical and pathological aspects of the disease to investigate etiology and pathogenesis of dysphagia and epistaxis of the horse. In case 1 showing prolonged dysphagic sign a diphtheritic membrane was confined to the guttural pouch involved with neuritis of the glossopharyngeal nerve due to fungal penetration. The other horse showing fatal recurrent epistaxis had lesion of mycetoma invading the internal carotid artery to provoke erosion of the artery. An Aspergillosis sp. was isolated from the guttural pouches of the two horses and identified as A nidulans.