• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to classify the geometry of wall-thinning defect that causes a circumferential crack in the pipe elbows subjected to internal pressure. For this objective, first of all a criterion to determine the occurrence of circumferential cracking at wall-thinned area was developed based on finite element simulation for burst tests of pipe elbow specimens that showed axial and circumferential cracking at wall-thinned area. In addition, parametric finite element analysis including various wall-thinning geometries, locations, and pipe geometries was conducted and the wall-thinning geometries that initiate circumferential crack were determined by applying the criterion to the results of parametric analysis. It showed that the circumferential crack occurs at wall-thinning defect, which has a deep, wide, and short geometry. Also, it is indicated that the pipe elbows with larger radius to thickness ratio are more susceptible to circumferential cracking at wall-thinned area.

• Computational Structural Engineering : An International Journal
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.117-130
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• 2001

Investigations of low-rice unbounded reinforced concrete shear walls with or without openings are performed with comparison of analytical and experimental results. Theoretical analysis is based on nonlinear finite element algorithm, which incorporates concrete failure criterion and nonlinear constitutive relationships. Studios focus on the effects of height-to-length ratio of shear walls, opening ratio, horizontal and vertical reinforcement radios, and diagonal reinforcement. Analytical solutions conform well with experimental results. Equations for cracking, yielding and ultimate loads with corresponding lateral displacements are derived by regression using analytical results and experimental data. Also, failure modes of low-rise unbounded shear walls are theoretically investigated. An explanation of change in failure mode is ascertained by comparing analytical results and ACI code equations. Shear-flexural failure can be obtained with additional flexural reinforcement to increase a wall's capacity. This concept leads to a design method of reducing flexural reinforcement in low-rise bounded solid shear wall's. Avoidance of shear failure as well as less reinforcement congestion leer these walls is expected.

• Composites Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.53-61
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• 1999

복합재료의 파단식은 강도계수의 산정이 쉽고, 형상이 유연하며, 논리적인 단순성을 유지하기 위하여 각 파단모드와 하중조건을 고려하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 연구에서는 인장 및 비틀림의 이축하중에 대한 등가강도를 도입함으로써 새로운 파단식을 유도하였다. 이축 실험 결과는 등가이축강도가 cos($tan^{-1}R_b$)의 지수함수로 표현됨을 보였다. 이축하중의 파단강도는 일방향 인장강도 및 비틀림강도와 이축비의 함수로 예측할 수 있다. 실험 데이터의 산포성은 Weibull 분포함수와 등가이축강도 개념을 이용하여 분석하였다. 또한, 일방향 인장 및 비틀림 S-N 선도로부터 복합하중하의 S-N 선도를 구할 수 있는 피로해석법을 평면 응력 모델을 기반으로 개발하였다. 예측결과는 적층복합재료의 이축강도와 피로수명의 실험 데이터와 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권8호
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• pp.2060-2071
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• 1999

소프트웨어 시스템이 복잡해지면 고장의 원인이 하나의 강도함수에 의해서만 일어나지 않고 여러 원인이 중첩되어 발생할 수 있다. 이러한 복잡한 시스템에 의한 우도함수의 계산상의 어려움 때문에 반복표본을 이용하는 깁스 샘플링 기법이 고려되었다. 관찰된 고장시점은 중첩모형으로 표현이 가능한 잠재(latent)변수들을 이용하여 깁스 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 단순모형과 중첩모형의 비교를 위해 사후베이즈 요인과 상대오차의 합을 이용하여 모형선택을 시도하였다. 수치적인 예에서 GOS 속성을 가진 Goel-Okumoto 모형과 Weibull 모형을 선택하고 NHPP의 자료는 Lewis와 Shedler[25]에 의해 제시된 Thining 알고리즘을 이용하여 발생된 자료를 이용하고 사전분포는 상대적으로 확산분포(diffuse priors)를 이용한 모수추정과 사후베이즈요인과 상대오차를 이용한 모형선택을 한 결과 단순모형들 보다 중첩모형이 좋은 형으로 간주할 수 있음을 보여 주었다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2011

To define ice as a solid material, mathematical and physical characteristics and their application examples are investigated for several materials' yield functions which include isotropic elastic, isotropic elastic-plastic, classical Drucker-Prager, Drucker-Prager Cap, Heinonen's elliptic, Derradji-Aouat's elliptic, and crushable foam models. Taking into account brittle failure mode of ice subject to high loading rate or extremely low temperature, isotropic elastic model can be better practicable than isotropic elastic-plastic model. If a failure criterion can be properly determined, the elastic model will provide relatively practicable impact force history from ice-hull interactions. On the other hand, it is thought that the soil models can better predict the ice spalling mechanism, since they contain both terms of shear stress-induced and hydrostatic stress-induced failures in the yield function.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.515-525
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• 2019

The calculation of active earth pressure behind retaining wall is a typical three-dimensional (3D) problem with spatial effects. With the help of limit analysis, this paper firstly deduces the internal energy dissipation power equations and various external forces power equations of the 3D retaining wall under the nonlinear strength condition, such as to establish the work-energy balance equation. The pseudo-static method is used to consider the effect of earthquake on active earth pressure in horizontal state. The failure mode is a 3D curvilinear cone failure mechanism. For the different width of the retaining wall, the plane strain block is inserted in the symmetric plane. By optimizing all parameters, the maximum value of active earth pressure is calculated. In order to verify the validity of the new expressions obtained by the paper, the solutions are compared with previously published solutions. Agreement shows that the new expressions are effective. The results of different parameters are given in the forms of figures to analysis the influence caused by nonlinear strength parameters.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2000

Once the chip has developed a mixed mode of side-curl and up-curl, it would generally curl to strike the tool flank. The development of the bending stresses and sheat in the chip would ultimately lead to chip failure. This paper approach this problem from a mechanics-based approach, by treating the chip as a 3-D elastic curved beam, and applying appropriate constraints and forces. The expressions for bending, shear and direct stresses are developed through an energy-based criterion. The location of the maximum stresses is also identified and explained for simulated test conditions.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2007

Surface pitting is a major failure mode for gears. The contact fatigue life analysis of transmission gear considering running-in process is presented in this paper. Surface roughness change of rolling test is used in a life analysis. Contact stresses are obtained by contact analysis of a semi-infinite solid based on the use of influence functions; the subsurface stress field is obtained using rectangular patch solutions. Mesoscopic multiaxial fatigue criterion which can yield satisfactory results for non-proportional loading is then applied to predict fatigue damage. Suitable counting method and damage rule were used to calculate the fatigue life of random loading caused by rough surface. The life analysis considering running-in is in good agreement with the experimental results.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.730-734
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• 2000

Once the Chip has developed a mixed mode of side-curl and up-curl, it would generally curl to strike the too] flank. The development of the bending stresses and shear in the chip would ultimately lead to chip failure. This paper attacks this problem from a mechanics-based approach. by treating the chip as a 3-D elastic curved beam, and applying appropriate constraints and forces. The expressions for bending. shear and direct stresses are developed through an energy-based criterion. The location of the maximum stresses is also identified and explained for simulated test conditions.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.173-190
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• 2022

With the development of spatial structures, the joints are becoming more and more complex to connect tubular members of spatial structures. In this study, an approach is proposed to establish high-efficiency finite element model of multiplanar KTX-joint with the weld geometries accurately simulated. Ultimate bearing capacity the KTX-joint is determined by the criterion of deformation limit and failure mechanism of chord wall buckling is studied. Size effect of fillet weld on the joint ultimate bearing capacity is preliminarily investigated. Based on the validated finite element model, a parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of geometric and loading parameters of KT-plane brace members on ultimate bearing capacity of the KTX-joint. The effect mechanism is revealed and several design suggestions are proposed. Several simple reinforcement methods are adopted to constrain the chord wall buckling. It is concluded that the finite element model established by proposed approach is capable of simulating static behaviors of multiplanar KTX-joint; chord wall buckling with large indentation is the typical failure mode of multiplanar KTX-joint, which also increases chord wall displacements in the axis directions of brace members in orthogonal plane; ultimate bearing capacity of the KTX-joint increases approximately linearly with the increase of fillet weld size within the allowed range; the effect mechanism of geometric and loading parameters are revealed by the assumption of restraint region and interaction between adjacent KT-plane brace members; relatively large diameter ratio, small overlapping ratio and small included angle are suggested for the KTX-joint to achieve larger ultimate bearing capacity; the adopted simple reinforcement methods can effectively constrain the chord wall buckling with the design of KTX-joint converted into design of uniplanar KT-joint.