• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.268-276
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• 2019

This study separated different factors into the Korean Wave and Korean health food according to the interest in Korean culture among the Chinese living in China. We then conducted a two-step cluster analysis with gender, marriage status, academic background, interest in Korean culture, command of the Korean language and the status of having visited Korea as variables. The subjects were split into a Korean wave-preferring group, highly interested in Korean food as health food group and a low interested group according to clusters, and we then investigated for preference differences for 20 Korean food dishes. Between these two groups the statistics indicated a significant influence with a level p<0.001 for Bulgogi, Bibimbap, Kimchi, Galbi-tang, Galbi-gui, Chicken, Samgyepsal, Doenjang-Jjgae, Dak-galbi, Japchae and Gimbap p<0.01 for Samgye-tang and p<0.05 for Naengmyeon, Kimchi-Jjigae, Dak-galbi, Seolleongtang, Haemul-tang, Hanjeongsik and Tteok-bokki. Jeon and Juk did not show any statistically significant difference. Chinese consumers preferred Korean food for Samgyeopsal, Bulgogi and chicken and less preferred gruel, Hanjeongsik and Kimchi-Jjigae. The highly interested in Korean culture group preferred Samgyeopal, Bulgogi and Chicken, and less preferred Juk, Jeon and Hanjeonsik in that order. This study offers information on the Chinese's preference for different Korean food to any food service enterprises that manage Korean restaurants in China or that sell Korean cuisine and also basic data for differentiated marketing to those entering the Chinese market.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.131-144
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• 2003

Selective Optimization with Compensation (SOC), a concept defined by Baltes and Baltes, is known to predict successful aging. This study was conducted to find out which factors affect Korean elderly people SOC The data for this study were obtained from a survey conducted between March and May 2001, on a sample of middle-class male and female participants over 60 years old. Two hundred and fifty four completed questionnaires were used for final analyses. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, Pearson correlations, multiple regressions, multiple response frequencies and sequential threshold methods were used to analyze the data. In order to measure successful aging, the Selective Optimization with Compensation Scale developed by Baltes, Baltes, Freud, and Lang (1996) was used. The SOC scale consists of four subscales, Elective Selection, Loss-based Selection, Optimization, and Compensation. The major findings are summarized in the following. First, the level of SOC by various socio-demographic variables was examined. It tuned out that health status is the most important variable in predicting SOC. Also important was satisfaction with family life. Second, significant correlations were found between SOC and duration of the marriage (negative), practicing a religion, health, and economic stability (all positive). Third, religion and health status affected SOC, but health was a stronger predictor Those who practiced a religion and were healthy had a higher score in SOC as a whole. Fourth, the participants were divided into three groups by their SOC score, and their idea.; of successful aging were compared. The top- and middle-score groups considered satisfaction with family life to be more important, whereas the bottom-score group regarded the social status as more important.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2021

This study investigates the difference in income trajectories of the working poor and the non-working poor and explains the effects of socio-demographic (marriage, education) and regional (living in large cities) factors on intergroup differences. We use Seoul Survey data collected between 2009-2018 and the latent growth modeling approach. It was found that the trajectory difference between groups was statistically significant. Since 2016, the income gap widened as the income of the working poor stagnated. The three variables included in this model better explained the income trajectory of the working poor compared to the working non-poor. In particular, the change in income growth rate was positively related to whether they live in large cities. This suggests the possibility that living in a large city would act as an economic premium for the working poor. It is necessary to conduct follow-up studies on urban premiums for the working poor.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.153-165
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• 2000

The antenatal self-care, one of antenatal management, was almost done by a pregnant woman herself. But It's especially difficult for primigravidas to cope with the change of being pregnant, and they also had insufficient knowledge of pregnancy, The purpose of this study was to serve as a basis for antenatal management, by grasping how much primigravidas performed antenatal self-care, how much they had maternity-related knowledge, and what factors affected those two factors. The subjects of this study were the primigravidas, selected from among visitors to a general hospital and a hospital for obstetrics and gynecology located in the city of K. A questionnaire survey was carried out over them from July 16 to August 19, 1998, to collect data. The test instrument used in this study for antenatal self-care behavior was one that modified the measurement instrument employed in studies by Kim Hae Won(1996), Lee Mi La(1984), and Yoon Young Mi(1994). Another one for maternity-related knowledge was Kim, Hae Won(1996)'s instrument. The collected data were statistically analyzed by SAS PC+. Frequency and percentage were calculated to find out the primigravidas' general characteristics, and the mean and standard deviation, rank were estimated to determine the degrees of antenatal self-care behavior and maternity-related knowledge, t-test and ANOVA were carried out to identify the general characteristic that affected antenatal self-care and maternity-related knowledge. and the relationship of antenatal self-care behavior to maternity-related knowledge was tested by Pearson correlation coefficient. The findings of this study were as follows; First, the age of the subjects ranged from 18 to 37, and their mean age was 26.43. Their mean gestational period was 24.87 weeks. 45% of the subjects were in the third-term pregnancy. Second, their total mean score in antenatal self-care behavior ranged from 94, the highest, to 36, the lowest. Its average score was 63.81(SD 9.98). The total mean score in maternity-related knowledge ranged from 20, the highest, to 1, the lowest, and its average score was 10.91(SD 4.59, 54.55 percent). Third, the general characteristics that gave impact on the primigravidas' antenatal self-care behavior were age, educational background, gestational period, experience of natural miscarriage, and experience of infertility test. A higher score in antenatal self-care behavior was gained by the primigravida group who had better educational background(F=3.29, p=.02), who was in the late stage of pregnancy(F=4.31, p=.01), who experienced a natural miscarriage(t=2.06, p=.04), and who went through a infertility test(t=-2.19, p=.04). Fourth, the general characteristics that had an influence on maternity-related knowledge were identified as the religion, the term of marriage, and the gestational period. A higher score in maternity-related knowledge was got by the primigravida group who had a religion(t=-2.02, p=.04), and who was in the late stage of pregnancy(F=5.77, p=.003). The term of marriage also made a significant difference(F=3.46, p=.02). Fifth, the relationship of the total mean score between antenatal self-care behavior and maternity-related knowledge was found to be at r=.37(p=.0001). In this study, an attempt was made to affirm the subjects' characteristics, the degree of their antenatal self-care behavior, and the extent of their maternity-related knowledge, to confirm what characteristics affected significantly primigravida's antenatal self-care behavior and maternity-related knowledge, and to verify that there was a relationship between the two variables. The meaning of this study might be backed up by the fact that its findings would serve as a basis for primigravida's efficient antenatal management in the future.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.197-216
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• 2020

This study aimed to suggest leisure activities and policy-level support in the light of the characteristics and needs among the elderly by examining constraint factors of leisure activities among the elderly. Data of 3887 elderly with the age of 65 and above with economic burden and health problems from the 6th Korean Retirement and Income study were used for the statistical analyses. Hierarchical linear models were tested by entering factors stepswise; demographic factors(age, gender, marriage status, single household, region, living expenses, health status) in the first step, leisure factors(leisure time, leisure motivation) in the second step, and lastly leisure activity factors(desired leisure activities, undesired leisure activities) in the third step. The results were as follows: First, major factors that constrict leisure activities of the elderly were financial burden and health problems. Second, there were significant differences among three(financial constraint, health constraint, and financial and health constraint) groups. Financial constraint group was the highest in the level of leisure satisfaction but leisure time was the shortest. The major reason to do leisure activities of the financial constraint group was to keep relationships with families and friends. In terms of desired leisure activities, health constraint group wanted resting, financial constraint group wanted hobbies and entertainment, and the financial-and-health constraint group wanted social activities. Third, financial constraint group demonstrated higher levels of leisure activity satisfaction when they wanted to take care of pets or gardens; however, they showed lower levels of leisure activity satisfaction when they wanted to domestic trips for desired leisure activities. In case of health constraint group, they demonstrated lower levels of leisure activity satisfaction whether or not they wanted resting like watching TV or listening to the radio. And, the showed higher levels of leisure activity satisfaction when they wanted social activities such as participation in religion or social gathering organizations. For the financial-and-health constraint group, whereas they showed lower levels of leisure activity satisfaction when they wanted walking around or watching TV, and domestic trips for desired leisure activities, they demonstrated higher levels of leisure activity satisfaction when they wanted entertainment doing the game of go, or chess, and hobbies like hiking and social activities. Practice and policy level suggestions to offer leisure activities that meet the needs of the elderly were made based on the study results.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.19-30
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to suggest predictors of participation restriction in community-dwelling Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) based on environmental, functional, injury-related, psychosocial, and sociodemographic factors. Methods: The participants were 82 community-dwelling SCI adults over the age of 18. They were all included in the American Spinal Injury Association's (ASIA) Levels A, B, and C. This study surveyed participants' participation using the CHART-K-SF, environmental factors using the CHIEF-25 Korean version, and functional factors using the SCIM III. Further, pain and distress were surveyed using Zung's Self-rating Pain and the PAD, self-esteem was assessed using the RSES, and self-efficacy using the GSS. Finally, information concerning injury levels, post-injury period, causes of injury-related factors, and sociodemographic factors such as gender, age, marriage, education level, and residence information were collected. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Version 21.0 Results: Participants' risk factors were environmental and functional. The Nagelkerke's $R^2$ was.737. The OddsRatio(OR) of environmental factors(referent,0-1) was 40.346. Moreover, the OR of the $1^{st}$ quartile functional factor(referent,4thquartile) was 236. 621, and that of the$2^{nd}$ quartile was 21.174. In addition, the occupational predictors included the "policies" subscales in the CHART-K-SF, "physical/structural" in the CHIEF-25, and "mobility" in the SCIM III. Further, the predictors of "physical independence" were "services/assistance" in CHIEF-25, and "respiration and sphincter management' on the SCIM III. Additionally, "mobility" was predicted by "physical/structural" on the CHIEF-25 and "mobility" on the SCIM III. Conclusions: This study multidimensionally confirmed predictors of participation restriction. Through these facts, we investigated occupational therapists' roles in community setting. Therefore, this study's results will provide useful information for occupational therapy services, for which the goal is SCI participation improvement within the community.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.7219-7226
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of 22 selected variables for the sexual quality of life(SQOL) of married men and women in their 40s in an effort to lay the foundation for the development of intervention programs geared toward promoting the sexual health of married middle-aged men and women. The selected variables were eight demographic ones, eight sex-related ones and sex marital relationship ones. The subjects in this study were the visitors of four different health examination centers in Seoul. Two of the health examination centers were located in the region of Gangnam, and the others were located in the area of Gangbuk. After a survey was conducted from January 19 to March 5, 2015, the answer sheets from 187 respondents who were aged between 40 and 49 were analyzed. As a result, academic credential(p<.05), health status(p<.001), duration of marriage(p<.01) and monthly mean income(p<.01) were identified significant demographic variables to affect the sexual quality of life. Among the sex-related variables, the level of sex knowledge(p<.01) and exposure to pornography exercised(p<.001) and the husband's participation in delivery(p<.001) had a significant influence the sexual quality of life. All the variables of marital relationship that were marital dilemma(p<.05), the frequency of sexual relations(p<.001), love toward the spouse(p<.001), overall family harmony(p<.001), nonsexual communication(p<.001) and sexual communication(p<.001) had a significant impact on the improvement of the sexual quality of life. In conclusion, the variables of marital relationship were found to have been more important factors to affect the improvement of the sexual quality of life than the demographic and sex-related ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.517-523
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• 2017

As the research for evaluating the welfare satisfaction factor of radiological technologist who works in the clinic, this study was conducted to analysis the satisfaction factor, satisfaction level, and the improvements. During July 14, 2014 to March 31, 2015, after we sent out a total of 150 questionnaires for the survey to radiological technologists working at the clinic located in Gyoungsangnam province, 130 questionnaires suitable for research were analysis by using SPSS 18.0 statistical analysis software. As the welfare factors, working environment, financial support, educational opportunity, medical support, working culture, etc. were used. And as the sociodemographic characteristics, the gender, marriage, level of education, age, and working period were used. As a result of analysis of satisfaction level by welfare factors, working environment was $2.74{\pm}0.65$, financial support was $2.42{\pm}0.74$, educational opportunity was $2.24{\pm}0.72$, medical support was $2.68{\pm}0.69$, and working culture was $2.27{\pm}0.64$. Consequentially, the satisfaction level of welfare factor ($2.45{\pm}0.59$) was confirmed as below average. On the nature of the clinic, the management's lack of awareness of welfare is a realistic limit. In order to improve the satisfaction level of clinic's radiological technologist, it thought that there should be the proactive changes of the managements and the change of the medical staff 's perception. Moreover, it is important to provide selective welfare effectively by the investigation of employees' desire for welfare.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1566-1573
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• 2012

In this study, a survey was carried out on 200 23-year old unmarried men and women attending j university in j city from October 4 to October 7, 2011 to figure out pre-parents' perception of parental role and view of children, and put forward the necessity of pre-parent education by providing opportunities for pre-parent education. The results are summarized as follows. First, the perception of general parenting and parental role showed that 'parenting' is the highest, following by 'parental role'. For women, nuclear families and large families, who feel much necessity of pre-parent education in the academic liberal arts, the perception of general parenting, parental role and parenting by sub-factors was positive. Second, the perception of general view of children showed that 'children plan' is the highest, followed by 'pregnancy and birth.' For those surveyed, who have a plan for marriage and children plan or feel much necessity of pre-parent education in the academic liberal arts, the perception of general view of children, children plan by sub-factors, and pregnancy and birth was relatively positive. As for findings stated above, for pre-parents in their 20s~30s, women' perception of parental role and view of children was more positive than men'. And nuclear families' or large families' perception was more positive than single parent families'. These findings confirm there is a difference between parental role and view of children according to growth environments of pre-parents in social realities that the low birth rate is growing.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.283-307
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to compare the perception on family of social workers and clients. Perception of family concept, family function is changing as times passes. But social worker is facing a dilemma because of differences of the perception on family. In order to compare between social worker and client concepts on family, this study compare family concept, familism, gender egalitarianism. Data for analysis were collected from 131 social workers and 134 clients who were purposive sampled. Social worker's recognition of family concept is more acceptable than client's family typology, functional family concept. Analysis shows that client group more higher familism and clients have a low opinion of gender egalitarianism. Thus, social worker may have conflicted with client's family while social worker practices case management or prograss family welfare services. In order to examine the influencing factors on family perception, the defined factors were self-efficacy, family of orgin perception. Controlling for sex, old, marriage on family perception were examined. There were significant effect of old, family-orgin perception to the client's family concept, familism, gender egalitarianism. On the contrary there were significant effect of sex, self-efficacy to the social worker's familism, gender egalitarianism. In conclusion, this study confirmed the difference of family perceptions between social worker and client. But the result of this study suggest that family social work procession or intervention will be investigated concretely.