• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.764-772
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• 2015

본 연구는 어린이 급식소의 위생 안전관리 실태를 조사하고, 경기 남부지역 소재 총 102개소의 어린이 급식소를 대상으로 1년 동안 순회방문지도를 실시한 결과 위생 안전관리 수준이 어느 정도 개선되었는지를 평가하고자 수행하였다. 평가 대상 급식소는 어린이집이 84.3%, 유치원과 지역아동센터가 각각 7.8%였다. 그리고 운영주체는 민간이 70.6%, 국공립이 19.6%, 법인이 9.8%였다. 급식 원아수는 50명 미만이 46.1%, 50명 이상 100명 미만인 곳이 53.9%였다. 위생 안전관리 실태 평가 결과 총점은 평균 84.09점이었고, 위생 안전관리 평가 총점은 급식소 구분에 따라서는 어린이집과 유치원에 비해 지역아동센터의 평가 점수가 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.01). 또한 급식소 운영주체에 따라서는 국공립으로 운영하는 곳이 민간에서 운영하는 곳에 비해 위생 안전관리 점수가 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.001). 그리고, 급식 원아수가 50명 이상인 경우가 50명 미만인 경우에 비해 위생 안전관리 총점이 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.01). 한편, 위생 안전관리 수행도가 90% 이상 되는 항목은 전체의 41.0%, 수행도가 60%미만인 항목은 전체의 15.4%였다. 이 중 수행도가 가장 낮은 항목은 '채소와 과일의 세척 소독 실시'(26.5%)였다. 또한 순회방문지도 평가 회차에 따른 위생 안전관리 평가 총점의 차이 분석을 실시한 결과 1, 2회차 때에는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않다가 3회차에서는 1, 2회차에 비해 평가 점수가 유의적으로 상승하였다. 그리고 이원분산분석을 실시한 결과, 전체 위생 안전관리 총점은 급식소 구 분(F=21.730, p<0.001)과 순회방문지도 회차(F=7.968, p<0.001)에 따라서 유의적인 차이가 있었고, 급식소 운영주체(F=31.387, p<0.001)와 순회방문지도 회차(F=7.507, p<0.001)에 따라서 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 또한 급식 원아수(F=17.133, p<0.001)와 순회방문지도 회차(F=17.065, p<0.001)에 따라서도 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 이 결과를 종합해볼 때 어린이 급식관리지원센터의 순회방문지도는 어린이 급식소의 위생 안전관리 수행도를 효과적으로 향상시키는데 기여했다고 판단된다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2018

With the development of industrial technology and science, production and manufacturing facilities have been enhanced and improved, and the importance of the safety of workers has also been regulated and limited by various safety management methods. As a way to secure the safety of the workers from the production facility, the fail-safe and fool-proof methods are now being applied. Any possible insecure behavior and unsafe conditions can be removed by adopting the standards and specifications that are now secure the safety of workers and equipment. This research analyzes EN ISO 13849-1 international and European standards during CE certification. In order to secure acceptable reduced risks, the risk assessment process of ISO 12100 and the processes for reducing its risk are applied. In the current ISO 13849-1 standard, the criteria for the required performance level PLr (Required Performance Level) for the applicable risk and safety functions through the risk assessment are subjective and not subdivided. Therefore, the evaluation criteria are likely to cause judge's judgement error due to qualitative judgement. This research focuses on evaluation and acceptable performance level setting for the safety circuit of the equipment. We propose an objective and specific evaluation criteria to secure safety, and the proposed evaluation criteria are applied to the case study of the safety circuit for the equipment. In order to secure the safety of the entire safety circuit, the improvement of the MTTFd and DC level related to the SRP/CS (Safety-Related Parts of Control Systems)' lifetime is required for the future research.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2019

Objective : Herbal dispensaries, where medications are prepared for patients, require specific preparation and operations management for safe herbal medicines. This study aims to propose improvements in the herbal medicine preparation and operation of the herbal dispensaries as series study of the "A Survey on the Management Status of Extramural Herbal Dispensaries" Methods : We first checked current management regulations. In addition, we compared and analyzed related laws which are "State management norm of Traditional Chinese Medicine dispensaries", "Enforcement Rule of Medicinal Product Safety" and " Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point(HACCP)", to introduce the assessment items of herbal dispenses evaluation and certification system. Results : In this study, we found that the current regulations, "Guideline on Installation and Utilization of Extremal Herbal Pharmaceutical Facility and Shared-use of Herbal Dispensary", are insufficient to ensure the quality and safety of herbal medicines. We suggested articles for the proper management of herbal dispensaries and these were introduced to the Herbal dispensary evaluation and certification system. Conclusion : We recommend evaluation articles in Herbal dispensary evaluation and certification systems need to be popular among herbal dispensaries, then Korean herbal medicine could restore credibility from the people.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2023

Even at this point in the era of digital transformation, we are still facing many problems in the safety sector that cannot prevent the occurrence or spread of human casualties. When you are in an unexpected emergency, it is often difficult to respond only with human physical ability. Human casualties continue to occur at construction sites, manufacturing plants, and multi-use facilities used by many people in everyday life. If you encounter a situation where normal judgment is impossible in the event of an emergency at a life site where there are still many safety blind spots, it is difficult to cope with the existing manual guidance method. New variable guidance technology, which combines artificial intelligence and digital twin, can make it possible to prevent casualties by processing large amounts of data needed to derive appropriate countermeasures in real time beyond identifying what safety accidents occurred in unexpected crisis situations. When a simple control method that divides and monitors several CCTVs is digitally converted and combined with artificial intelligence and 3D digital twin control technology, intelligence augmentation (IA) effect can be achieved that strengthens the safety decision-making ability required in real time. With the enforcement of the Serious Disaster Enterprise Punishment Act, the importance of distributing a smart location guidance system that urgently solves the decision-making delay that occurs in safety accidents at various industrial sites and strengthens the real-time decision-making ability of field workers and managers is highlighted. The smart location guidance system that combines artificial intelligence and digital twin consists of AIoT HW equipment, wireless communication NW equipment, and intelligent SW platform. The intelligent SW platform consists of Builder that supports digital twin modeling, Watch that meets real-time control based on synchronization between real objects and digital twin models, and Simulator that supports the development and verification of various safety management scenarios using intelligent agents. The smart location guidance system provides on-site monitoring using IoT equipment, CCTV-linked intelligent image analysis, intelligent operating procedures that support workflow modeling to immediately reflect the needs of the site, situational location guidance, and digital twin virtual fencing access control technology. This paper examines the limitations of traditional fixed passive guidance methods, analyzes global technology development trends to overcome them, identifies the digital transformation properties required to switch to intelligent variable smart location guidance methods, explains the characteristics and components of AI-based public facility smart fire safety integrated system (ISFS).

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2010년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.103-112
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• 2010

This study was done to provide basic data on the safety of professionals in medical imaging system by measuring the electromagnetic waves generated in the medical imaging system being used in medical organization. The studied medical imaging systems were general X-ray system, computed tomography(CT), ultrasonographic system, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), PET-CT and fluoroscopic system, and through these devices, electric field and magnetic field were measured and analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the measured values classified by the medical organizations were not much significant, but in the measurement by the medical imaging systems, there were high hazard elements in the sequential order of electric field PET-CT($17.7{\pm}22.9$)v/m, CT($10.3{\pm}8.7$)v/m, general X-ray system ($8.8{\pm}8.8$)v/m, magnetic field general X-ray system($5.06{\pm}8.26$)mG, CT($2.71{\pm}4.53$)mG and PET-CT($0.74{\pm}0.34$)mG, the systems that adopted X-ray as main ray source, and the more aged the medical imaging systems, the greater the effects of electro-magnetic waves($10.6{\pm}15.93v/m$ for 5 years or more, $6.14{\pm}5.60v/m$ for 5 years or less). The effects of electromagnetic waves on medical imaging systems or facilities were not much when the notification of ministry of knowledge economy is considered, but in the overall perspective considering all the equipments and facility of the medical organization, such effects were significant. It is determined that sustainable safety managements of electric field and magnetic field must be done during process from medical imaging system installation to maintenance to rule out such factors.

• 한국재난관리표준학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2010

자체방제계획서는 위험물질의 등급, 주위환경의 피해, 사고대응계획 등으로 구성된 체계적인 관리제도이다. 자체 방제계획서 작성지원 프로그램의 개발 목적은 사고를 예방하고, 사고를 제어할 수 있도록 안전관리 시스템을 각 시설에 제공하는 것이다. 이 프로그램은 MSDS(Material Safety Data Sheet), SOP(Standard Operation Procedure), ERP(Emergency Response Plan) 등 일반적인 안전관련 자료를 포함하고 있다. 자체방제계획서는 위험 확인, 평가, 예방 계획, 안전 분석 등으로 구성되어있다. 또한, 자체방제계획서 작성지원 프로그램은 정부 또는 관련 기관이 중소기업에서 발생 가능한 사고를 관리하는데 유용하다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.159-169
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes among the nine kinds of reduction chemical substances in Korea over the period of 2008-2017. We will define basic data for improving the management methods for reducing chemical substances. Methods: A survey of hazardous pollutant emissions for 2008-2017 was conducted through the pollutant Release and Transfer Register homepage. Nine kinds of designated reduction chemical substances (Benzene, Vinyl chloride, Trichloro ethylene, 1,3-butadiene, Dichloro methane, Tetrachloro ethylene, N,N-dimethylformamide, Acrylo nitrile, and Chloroform) provided the study subjects. The emission of hazardous chemicals and health effects used the National Health Statistics and Integrated Chemicals Information System (ICIS) as a reference. Results: Hazardous pollutant emissions increased by 1.2 times over the past decade, and nine types of reduction chemical substances increased by 1.6 times. By region, the emissions of reduction chemical substances over the last 10 years were in the order of Chungbuk, Gyeonggi, and Gyeongbuk. Emissions of Dichloro methane was the highest in Chungbuk and Gyeongbuk. N,N-dimethylformamide was the highest in Gyeonggi. Carcinogen pollutant emissions showed a tendency to increase continuously. In addition, group 1 carcinogen emissions showed a tendency to decrease. Conclusion: In the last decade, the amount of hazardous chemical emissions has been continuously increasing. Hazardous chemical emissions require facility improvement for continuous emissions reduction. More research on reduction of emissions is needed.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2010

This study was done to provide basic data on the safety of professionals in medical imaging system by measuring the electromagnetic waves generated in the medical imaging system being used in medical organization. The studied medical imaging systems were general X-ray system, computed tomography(CT), ultrasonographic(USG) system, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), PET-CT and fluoroscopic(R/F) system, and through these devices, electric field and magnetic field were measured and analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the measured values classified by the medical organizations were not much significant, but in the measurement by the medical imaging systems, there were high hazard elements in the sequential order of electric field PET-CT($17.7{\pm}22.9$)v/m, CT($10.3{\pm}8.7$)v/m, general X-ray system($8.8{\pm}8.8$)v/m, magnetic field general X-ray system($5.06{\pm}8.26$)mG, CT($2.71{\pm}4.53$)mG and PET-CT($0.74{\pm}0.34$)mG, the systems that adopted X-ray as main ray source, and the more aged the medical imaging systems, the greater the effects of electro-magnetic waves($10.6{\pm}15.93v/m$ for 5 years or more, $6.14{\pm}5.60v/m$ for 5 years or less). The effects of electromagnetic waves on medical imaging systems or facilities were not much when the notification of ministry of knowledge economy is considered, but in the overall perspective considering all the equipments and facility of the medical organization, such effects were significant. It is determined that sustainable safety managements of electric field and magnetic field must be done during process from medical imaging system installation to maintenance to rule out such factors.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.231-236
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• 2014

In this study, the changes in collection efficiencies due to the time changes of activated carbons were ascertained, and in order to identify the magnitude of adsorption, the before-use and after-use iodine adsorption values were analyzed. In addition, as a result of examining the characteristics of continuous process and non-continuous process and as a result of investigating whether the emission standards would be maintained, the continuous process and printing facilities were seen as not being able to maintain the emission standards. Also were found, in the case of non-continuous process,-taking into consideration the special nature of the job -for 4${\o}$ palletized charcoal, a collection efficiency near 50% was shown even after 96 hours. Also, when the inlet concentration was about 300ppm, it is thought that the emission standards would be maintained if the activated carbons are replaced within at least 96 hours in the case of 4${\o}$ palletized charcoal and the use was deemed pointless in the case of carbon. The results of this study are expected to provide assistance in selecting replacement periods for activated carbons and in selecting absorbents at the project sites, and are expected to be of significant help in the selection of precipitators that can collect total hydrocarbons for compliance of the emission standards.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.195-209
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• 2024

1990년대 개발되어 현재의 모습을 갖춘 교통신호제어기는 최근 도로 이용자의 교통안전 향상 및 자율협력주행 등을 목적으로 설치되는 다양한 장치들에 대한 전원공급 문제와 다양한 통신방식, 계층화된 블랙박스 구조 등으로 인해 유연성과 확장성에 한계를 가지고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 이더넷전원장치(PoE : Power over Ethernet) 기술을 통해 직류(DC) 전원 사용과 전원공급 문제를 해결하고, 메시지 브로커(Message Broker) 기술을 통해 중앙화된 데이터 기반 제어를 함으로써 빠르게 변화하는 미래 교통환경에 대응이 가능한 교통안전시설 통합관제시스템을 설계하였다. 또한 시계열 데이터를 기반으로 동작하는 교통안전시설 장치를 위한 데이터 기반 실시간 제어 방안을 구현하고 검증하였다.