• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2003

최근 멀티미디어 처리 기술과 광학 기술의 발달과 더불어 얼굴 영상 정보를 이용한 응용 시스템에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있다. 기존의 얼굴 정보와 관련한 연구들은 대부분 정면 영상을 해석하여 사람을 식별하거나 영상의 표정을 분석하는데 초점을 두어왔으며 임의의 얼굴 영상의 방향성에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 특히, 한대의 카메라로 연속 촬영된 이미지들을 이용하는 기존의 방향성 검출 기법에서는 초기 영상이 정면 영상이어야 하는 제약점을 가진다. 본 논문에서는 얼굴의 특징 정보를 이용하여 임의의 얼굴 영상의 방항성을 검출하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법에서는 두 눈과 입술의 특징점을 기반으로 얼굴 사다리꼴을 정의하고, 얼굴 사다리꼴의 좌$.$우 면적을 비교한 통계 데이터를 이용하여 얼굴 영상의 좌.우 방향성을 계산하는 방향성 함수를 정의한다. 제안된 얼굴 영상의 검출 기법은 얼굴 영상의 방향성에 따라 얼굴 영상의 좌$.$우 여백을 안정적으로 설정하는 영상의 자동 배치 응용에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.135-147
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• 2003

With the development of multimedia and optical technologies, application systems with facial features hare been increased the interests of researchers, recently. The previous research efforts in face processing mainly use the frontal images in order to recognize human face visually and to extract the facial expression. However, applications, such as image database systems which support queries based on the facial direction and image arrangement systems which place facial images automatically on digital albums, deal with the directional characteristics of a face. In this paper, we propose a method to detect facial directions by using facial features. In the proposed method, the facial trapezoid is defined by detecting points for eyes and a lower lip. Then, the facial direction formula, which calculates the right and left facial direction, is defined by the statistical data about the ratio of the right and left area in facial trapezoids. The proposed method can give an accurate estimate of horizontal rotation of a face within an error tolerance of $\pm1.31$ degree and takes an average execution time of 3.16 sec.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.597-602
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• 2008

Purpose: Presently, silicone rubber is chosen most frequently for nasal augmentation. However, there is a possibility of extrusion with this material. Sometimes, noses are prone to be traumatized, and then silicone rubber has a possibility of deformity or deviation resulting in trauma. We experienced cases with complications and traumatic deformities after the augmentation rhinoplasty. Methods: A retrospective review was performed to determine the characteristics of the implanted nasal silicone prosthesis after trauma. The patients' data such as deviation of implant, shape of fracture, age and sex of the patient, time of treatment, operative methods were reviewed. From March 2001 to March 2008, this study was performed in 30 patients. The patients were 25 females and 5 males, from 24 to 60 years of age, with an average of 42. All patients had previous augmentation rhinoplasty with silicone implant. Results: All of the 30 patients were confirmed as deviation of silicone and nasal bone fractures in the facial bone CT scan. The most common cause of fracture was traffic accident. The classification of nasal trauma after augmentation was done by facial bone CT. Class I: Deviation of silicone without nasal bone fracture without extrusion(12 cases, 40%), Class II: Deviation of silicone without nasal bone fracture and with extrusion(4 cases, 13%), Class III: Deviation of silicone with nasal bone fracture and without extrusion(8 cases, 27%), Class IV: Deviation of silicone with nasal bone fracture and with extrusion(3 cases, 10%), Class V: Mild deviation of silicone with nasal bone fracture(3cases, 3%). Specially, the comminuted or trapezoid nasal fracture was confirmed in 11 cases(Class III, IV). Conclusion: The problems of silicone implant have generally been related to foreign body reactions, rigidity of the material, encapsulation, infections, and extrusion. We experienced 11 cases of comminuted or comminuted trapezoid shaped fracture below nasal implant. So, we think this phenomenon could be used in late problem of silicone implant.