• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.218-229
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• 2011

Dyeing properties of cotton and ramie fabrics with pine needles colorants were studied by investigating the analysis of pine needles colorants, the effect of dyeing conditions (such as dye concentration, dyeing temperatures and times on dye uptakes), effect of mordants, and color change. The various colorfastness of dyed fabrics were evaluated for practical use; in addition, the antimicrobial ability, ultraviolet-cut ability, and deodorant ability were estimated. In the UV-Visible spectrum, the wavelength of the maximum absorption for pine needles extract was 285nm, and pine needles colorants produced a yellow color. From FT-IR and GC-MS results, it was assumed that chromophoric substance from pine needles extracts were mixed with flavonol tannin and flavanol tannin. An increased dyeing concentration resulted in a larger dye uptake and a Freundlich absorption isotherm was obtained. A larger dye uptake occurred as the dyeing time and temperature increased. Post-mordanting was more effective than pre-mordanting and the dye uptake of fabrics improved by mordanting. The colorfastness of dyed fabrics showed a low rating; however, colorfastness to washing and dry cleaning of cotton fabrics mordanted with N.Cu, and friction fastness of ramie fabric mordanted with Cu improved. The dyed fabrics showed very good antimicrobial abilities of 99.9%. In addition, the ultraviolet-cut ability and deodorant ability improved in fabrics dyed with pine needles extracts.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.275-282
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• 2018

Objective: Since certain chemicals are widely applied in a variety of consumer products, exposure via simultaneous use of multiple consumer products can put human health at risk. For this reason, use patterns of consumer products are an important factor inhuman health risk assessment. The aim of this study is to investigate co-use patterns of air-fresheners and deodorizers in Korea in order to estimate potential cumulative exposure. Methods: To collect the information on use patterns of air-fresheners and deodorizers, ten air-fresheners and 14 deodorizers were selected. A total of 3,000 participants were recruited and asked through on line questionnaires whether they had simultaneously used the selected air-fresheners and deodorant products in their daily lives. Results: Among the 3,000 participants, 45.6% had used more than two air fresheners and 46.3% used more than two deodorizers. The most common types of air fresheners used concurrently include liquid and candle types for indoor environments, while those of deodorizers were fabric trigger sprays and refrigerator gels. In addition, 73.7% used more than two products without product categories. Fabric trigger sprays were contained in all of the high-ranking product combinations. Conclusions: This study showed that many consumers concurrently used air-fresheners and deodorizers in their daily routines. For accurate exposure assessment, co-use patterns of consumer products should be further investigated.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 가격이 저렴하고 우수한 결과를 갖는 항균제인 견운모(sericite)를 사용하였다. 견운모의 입자 크기는 $15{\mu}m$로 고정하였다. 박리강도의 효과는 접착제의 종류에 영향을 받지 않았다. 박리강도는 접착제 함량이 증가함에 따라 증가하였고, 접착제 함량이 $20g/m^2$ 일 때 기준 값을 만족하였다. 항균제로 처리된 면직물의 한국공업규격(KS) 세탁견뢰도를 만족하는 항균제 함량은 8%이다. 신발용 면직물에 있어 항균처리를 위한 연속적인 공정 조건들은 다음과 같다: 용융온도 $120^{\circ}C$, 냉각시간 20 s, 압착온도 $130^{\circ}C$, 압착시간 30 s.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.195-207
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• 2016

In this study, we examined the influence of the pigment characteristic and dyeing condition on dyeing properties and functionality by using Perilla Frutescens L. Britt extracts, in which ethanol, distilled water and NaOH solution were used as 3 different solvents. Changes in dyeing conditions include variations in dye concentration, dyeing temperature, time and pH on dye uptake, and K/S values were compared according to these changes. Additionally, color changes were observed according to the use and types of mordant. Ultraviolet-visible spectrum was utilized to investigate the pigment characteristic, and as a result, chlorophyll was identified in ethanol extract, whereas tannin was identified both in distilled water extract and NaOH solution extract. By using FT-IR analysis, these tannins in distilled-water-extract and NaOH solution extract were verified to be hydrolyzable tannin. When dyeing silk, dye uptake increased as dye concentration, dyeing temperature and time increased, while it decreased as pH of the extract increased. Fabrics dyed without a mordant produced Y-series colors, and fabrics dyed with mordants showed various colors depending on the mordant types. Even though color fastness to washing and light was unsatisfactory, fastness to rubbing and perspiration showed relatively high grade. Moreover, deodorant ability of dyed fabric improved.