• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.553-563
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the quality characteristics (proximate composition, fatty acids, amino acids and sensory properties) of whole body and dorsal muscle in olive flounder, which is switch size from juvenile to growing fed extruded pellets (EP) and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) for 9 months. Sample was collected at 5 and 9 months to compare with those of EP and MP. Whole body crude protein of fish fed EP at 9 months was significantly higher than that of fish fed MP (P<0.05). Linolenic acid(18:3) and n-6/n-3 ratio in dorsal muscle of fish fed EP were significantly higher than those of fish fed MP (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the results of the flavor, color, taste and texture of the muscle of the fish fed EP compared to those fed MP (P>0.05). Based on the experimental results, we concluded that olive flounder cultured with EP is not inferior to those fed MP for quality characteristics of whole body and muscle.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.476-480
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of extruded pellets (EP) containing different levels of protein (51%-55%) and lipid (9%-15%) for growth of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) comparing with raw fish-based moist pellet (MP). Two replicate groups of 40 fish per each tank (initial mean weight 106 g) were fed one of three experimental EP (EP1, EP2 and EP3) containing different protein and lipid levels, a commercial EP (EP4) and MP for 16 weeks. Survival was not significantly different among all groups. Final mean weight of fish fed MP was significantly lower than that of fish fed EP1, EP2 and EP4 (P<0.05), but not significantly different from fish fed EP3. Feed efficiency of MP-fed fish was significantly lower than fish fed all EP formulations (P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed among the EP groups. Daily feed intake of MP-fed fish was significantly higher than fish fed all EP formulations (P<0.05). Condition factor was not significantly different among all groups. Whole body moisture and crude lipid contents were significantly affected by diet (P<0.05). Growth and feed efficiency of flounder was not affected by EP protein and lipid levels. Dietary formulation used in EP1, EP2 and EP3 can be applied to the practical feeding of flounder.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.810-817
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• 2014

Two consecutive feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of extruded pellet (EP) and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) in the juvenile (experiment I) and sub-adult (experiment II) stages of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. The fish were distributed randomly to three aquarium tanks, as a group of 1,200 fish (initial mean weight $13.5{\pm}1.76g$) in experiment I, and as a group of 390 fish (initial mean weight $385{\pm}15.3g$) in experiment II. In experiment I, the weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and survival of fish fed EP were all significantly higher than those of fish fed MP. In experiment II, no significant differences were observed in weight gain, specific growth rate and survival between the EP and MP groups. However, the feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratios of fish fed EP were significantly higher than those of fish fed MP. The results of this study indicate that EP could be developed to replace MP for market size production of olive flounder without any adverse effects on the growth performance. The dietary formulation used in this study could be used as an appropriate feed for olive flounder.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.529-536
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• 2010

This study was conducted to effect of extruded pellets (EPs) and moist pellet (MP) diet on growth and fish health parameters in farm cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Two replicate groups of 2,600 fish per each tank (initial weight of $30.1{\pm}0.2$ g) were fed one of the three EPs (EP1, EP2 and CEP) and one MP for 13 months. In field feeding experiment conducted in commercial flounder farm, survival, growth (30-600 g) and condition factor of fish fed experimental EP1 and EP2 were comparable to those of fish fed MP, but considerably higher feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio were observed in fish fed experimental EPs. Viable cell counts from diet and water from MP diet were considerably higher than those from EP diet, and lysozyme activity from EP diet was higher than that from MP diet. GOT and GPT of fish fed the EP diet were considerably lower than those from MP group, but total protein and glucose concentration of fish fed the EP groups were not significantly different from that of fish fed the MP. Therefore, these results strongly suggest that EP diets could be developed to replace MP diet without adverse effects on growth performance and to enhance the immunity and protective ability of olive flounder against fish disease such as Vibro, Edwardsiella and Strptococcus.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.667-675
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• 2014

Two types of diets, extruded pellet (EP) and raw-fish-based moist pellet (MP) were fed to compare growth, water quality and histology of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus in Jeju fish farm. Two groups of 7000 fish per each tank (initial mean weight 51 g) were fed one of two diets for 7 months. At the end of the feeding trial, significant differences were found in weight gain and feed utilization. Dissolved oxygen (DO) level of the MP tank was decreased from 7.98 to 6.89 after feeding. There were no significant differences in hematocrit, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase of fish fed the two diets. Whole body protein content of fish fed the EP was significantly higher than that of fish fed the MP. While the feeding rate by month indicated numerically decreased, fish fed the MP had higher feed intake than that of fish fed the EP. Histological examination of hepatopancreas, kidney, and anterior intestine of fish fed the EP did not show any negative effects compared to those of fish fed the MP. This study revealed that EP could substitute for MP in terms of growth performance, blood parameters, water quality and histology of olive flounder.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.287-292
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• 2005

An 8-week of growth feeding trial was conducted to evaluate effects of the experimental extruded pellet (EP), commercial EP and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) for growing flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Three replicate groups of the fish average weighing 43.5 g were fed four experimental diets (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4), four commercial diets (EP5, EP6, EP7 and EP8) and MP. Weight gain of fish fed the EP2, EP3 and EP4 was the highest among treatments, but not significantly different to that of fish fed the EPl, EP7 and MP. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the MP were the lowest among treatments, but daily feed intake and daily protein intake of fish fed the MP were the highest among treatments. Moisture, lipid and ash contents of whole body were affected by diets, but protein content was not affected by diets. It is concluded that the dietary formulations used in the EP2, EP3 and EP4 can be applied in the practical exuded pellet feeds for growing flounder of 42-108g size.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.283-291
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a commercial extruded pellet (EP) and raw fish moist pellet (MP) diet on disease prevalence and serum chemistry of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus grown in two commercial-scale aquaculture farms from July to December in 2008. The contents of serum GOT, GPT and glucose in fish fed EP diet (EP group) were higher than those of fish fed the MP diet (MP group). There were no distinct differences in survival rates and mean detection rates of fish pathogens among fish group fed the experimental diets. However, the mean detection rate of fish pathogens in MP group was higher than that of EP group from July to October which are high water temperature season. The dominant pathogens isolated in EP group were Dactylogyrus sp., E. tarda and red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV). On the other hand, Trichodina sp., Streptococcus spp., viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV) were dominant in MP group.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.102-106
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• 2008

This study was conducted to evaluate extruded pellets(EP) for the growth of sub-adult flounder Paralichthys olivaceus by comparing with raw fish-based moist pellet(MP). Two replicate groups of 150 fish per each tank(initial mean weight $594{\pm}6.5g$) were fed one of two EPs(EP1 and EP2) and a MP for 32 weeks. Survival was not significantly affected by experimental diets. Final mean weight of fish fed the EP1 was not significantly different from that of fish fed the MP, but that of fish fed EP2 was significantly lower than that of fish fed EP1 and MP (P<0.05). Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the EP1 and EP2 were significantly higher than those of fish fed MP(P<0.05). Daily feed intake of fish fed the EPs was significantly lower than that of fish fed MP(P<0.05). Condition factor was not significantly different among all groups. The contents of moisture, crude protein and lipid in dorsal muscle were significantly affected by experimental diets(P<0.05). Based on the results of this study, the dietary formulations used in EP1 and EP2 could be applied in the practical extruded pellet feeds for sub-adult flounder(594-1,126 g).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.320-321
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• 2000

점농어, Lateolabrax maculatus는 담수적응력이 강할 뿐만 아니라 수온변화에도 강 특히 남해안과 서해안의 폐염전을 활용한 축제식 양식대상어종으로 선호하고 있는 실정이다. 다른 농어에 비해 성장이 빠르며 최근 인공종묘생산이 가능해짐에 따라 양식생산량이 증가하는 추세이다. 축제식 양식장어 적합한 점농어 전용사료가 개발되지 않아 대부분 숭어사료(Extruded Pellet, EP)를 급이 하거나 대만산 농어사료를 수입하여 급이 하고 있는 실정이다. 대만산 사료의 경우는 가격이 비싸 어민들이 기피하고 있는 설정이다. 점농어의 대량생산을 위해서는 이종에 적합한 EP사료가 개발되어야 할 것이다. 사료는 양식경영비의 절반이상을 차지하는 중요한 요소로 경제적이고 품질이 우수한 사료의 안정적 확보가 양식경영을 향상시킬 수 있다. (중략)

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.785-789
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• 2014

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding by different feed types (powder, crumble and pellet) of two different feed formulations with simple dried (D) or extruded (E) conditions on growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Triplicate groups of sea cucumber averaging $1.2{\pm}0.05g$ were fed each of the D1, D2, EP1 or EP2 diets for 12 weeks. Survival of sea cucumber fed D2-crumble was higher than that fed EP2-crumble diet (P<0.05). Weight gain of sea cucumber fed EP1-powder was higher than that fed EP1-crumble and EP2-crumble diets (P<0.05). These findings indicated that simple dried feed could use independently feed type for sea cucumber culture and powder type of extruded feed is also good for sea cucumber culture.